scholarly journals International legal obligations of Ukraine for the conservation and res-toration of natural ecosystems and the implementation of the ecosystem ap-proach

2021 ◽  
pp. 56-80
Author(s):  
Ye. P. Suietnov

The article analyzes the provisions of the multilateral and bilateral international legal treaties of Ukraine aimed at the conservation and restoration of natural ecosystems and the implementation of an ecosystem approach, which is a strategy for the integrated management of land, water and living resources that promotes conservation and sustainable use in an equitable way.Based on the conducted research, it is concluded that these issues are among the most important and relevant at the international legal level, therefore, our state, having assumed relevant obligations in this area, should focus its efforts to their proper reflection in the national regulatory and legal field and their practical realization.It is hoped that in the near future, the outlined issues will receive increased attention both at the level of environmental legislation and in practical terms, because according to the Law of Ukraine «On the Basic principles (strategy) of state environmental policy of Ukraine for the period up to 2030» dated 28.02.2019, which now has the status of a leading pointer in the environmental sphere, the goal of state environmental policy is to achieve a good state of the environment by introducing an ecosystem approach to all areas of socio-economic development of Ukraine to ensure the constitutional right of every citizen to a clean and safe environment, introduction of balanced nature management and conservation and restoration of natural ecosystems.

2021 ◽  
pp. 46-68
Author(s):  
Ye. Suietnov

The article is devoted to the study of the legal basis for the implementation of the ecosystem approach, which is a strategy for the integrated management of land, water and living resources that promotes conservation and sustainable use in an equitable way, in the state environmental policy of Ukraine. Based on the analysis of the provisions of the main political and legal acts of environmental direction, both general, first of all – the Law of Ukraine «On the Basic principles (strategy) of state environmental policy of Ukraine for the period up to 2030», and focused on the protection and use of certain natural resources, objects and complexes, as well as policy documents from other spheres of public life, it was concluded that all of them directly or indirectly touch on the issues of conservation and restoration of natural ecosystems and implementation of the ecosystem approach, which gives reason to speak of a certain tendency towards «ecosystemization» of the state environmental policy of Ukraine, which, according to the author, should be continued and strengthened. In addition, it is obvious that despite the successes in the legislative consolidation of these issues, it is extremely important to create the conditions for their implementation, and therefore, it is hoped that these documents would not remain declarative, but would be quickly realized in practice.


2020 ◽  
pp. 33-46
Author(s):  
В.Н. БОЧАРНИКОВ ◽  
Е.Г. ЕГИДАРЕВ

В статье рассматриваются результаты оценки фактической степени сохранности природных геосистем Тихоокеанской России. Научный подход в данной работе основан на ведущем принципе рекомендуемого структурами ООН экосистемного подхода к управлению живой природой. Утверждается, что Тихоокеанский регион России (Тихоокеанская Россия) в соответствии с ее географическим положением, свойствами, геополитической спецификой и биоресурсным потенциалом обеспечивает высокий уровень самоорганизации пространственного развития, значимого в масштабах всей России. Выявлено, что специфичный характер дальневосточной региональной границы между морем и сушей, обширные переходные зоны между низменными участками и горными ландшафтами, многообразный характер сочетаний видов природопользования обеспечивают одновременно разделение и слияние пространственных элементов как природного, так и антропогенного происхождения, что позволяет рассматривать весь дальневосточный регион как особую контактную зону, важную для сохранения биоразнообразия и осуществления устойчивого природопользования в пределах всей Евразии. Авторами показывается, что природные экосистемы, местообитания животных и растений, биотические сообщества и популяции на всей территории Тихоокеанской России испытывают влияние ряда негативных факторов, которые имеют как природное, так и антропогенное происхождение. На базе геоинформационных оценок антропогенной нарушенности биомов были сделаны расчеты для стратегического зонирования регионального природопользования, выделены на основе интегрального картографирования крупные природные районы Тихоокеанской России. Предложено нормативно-природоохранное зонирование к исполнению в административных субъектах Дальневосточного федерального округа (ДФО) Российской Федерации. Предложен к обсуждению тезис о том, что эколого-географическое районирование может представлять собой особый вид природоохранной классификации, базирующейся на сопоставлении природно-территориальных комплексов с различной степенью антропогенной нарушенности. Сделаны количественные площадные сопоставления официально сохраняемой (система особо охраняемых природных территорий) и неохраняемой (дикой) природы в пределах территории Тихоокеанской России, сформулированы рекомендации по эффективному осуществлению региональной практики сохранения живой природы. Авторами используется геоинформационный алгоритм определения природоохранных приоритетов, действующий на базе сопоставления, визуализации и картографического сложения пространственной неоднородности природных ценностей, описанный ранее в ряде авторских работ эколого-географической направленности. The article is concerned with the results of estimating the actual degree of preservation of the natural geosystems of the Pacific Russia. The scientific approach in this work is based on the guiding principle of the ecosystem approach to wildlife management recommended by the UNO structures. It is said that the Pacific region of Russia (Pacific Russia), in accordance with its geographical position, characteristics, geopolitical specificity and bioresource potential provides the high level of the self-organization of spatial development crucial on a nationwide scale of Russia. It is determined that the specific character of the Far-Eastern regional boundary between the sea and land, extensive transition zones between the low-level sections and mountain landscapes and multivarious character of combinations of the nature management types provide simultaneously division and mergence of the special elements of both natural and anthropogenic origin which allows to consider the whole Far-Eastern region as the special contact area important to conservation of biodiversity and realization of the sustainable nature management within the limits of the whole Eurasia. The authors demonstrate that the natural ecosystems, habitats o animals and plants, biotic communities and populations on the whole territory of the Pacific Russia are under the influence of a number of negative factors which are characterized by both natural and anthropogenic origin. On the basis of geo-information estimates of the anthropogenic dislocation of the biomes, the calculations for strategic zonation pf the regional nature management were carried out and, based on integral mapping, the large natural areas of the Pacific Russia were identified. The regulatory-nature conservation zoning was proposed for action in the administrative subjects of the Far-Eastern Federal District (FEFD) of Russian Federation. The statement whereby the ecologo-geographical zonation can represent the specific type of the conservational classification resting on the comparison of the natural-territorial complexes with different degree of anthropogenic dislocation was proposed for consideration. The quantitative areal comparisons of the officially preserved (system of the specially protected natural reservations) and unprotected (wildness) areas were performed within the Pacific Russia territory and recommendations on the effective implementation of the regional practice and preservation of wild life were formulated. The authors use the geo-informational algorithm for determining the conservational priorities acting on the base of comparison, visualization and cartographic addition of spatial nonuniformity of natural values described earlier in a number of own works of ecologo-geographical subject-matter.


2013 ◽  
pp. 148-151
Author(s):  
A. V. Pugachevsky ◽  
I. P. Voznyachuk ◽  
A. V. Sudnik

30 September – 4 October 2013 was held the IV international scientific conference "Monitoring and assessment of the status of plant world", organized by the Institute of experimental botany. V. F. Kuprevich of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus for the purpose of consolidation of efforts, expertise and knowledge of scientists and practitioners from different countries to ensure resource-saving multi-use of natural ecosystems, conservation of biodiversity, strengthening of environmental and social functions of vegetation in terms of total anthropogenic impact and climate change. An important focus of the conference was the generalization of experience of organization of monitoring, discuss the prospects, opportunities and challenges for its development and effective application in practice of nature management and environmental protection.


Author(s):  
Mariia Ilina ◽  
Yulia Shpyliova

National environmental policy in Ukraine declares introducing of the ecosystem approach into all aspects of social and economic development, as well as conservation and restoration of natural ecosystems. The legislative acts sustain support of ecosystem services will enhance sustainable development of the society and ecosystems. One of the Sustainable Development Goals for Ukraine until 2030 concerns protection and restoration of terrestrial ecosystems like inland freshwaters, mountains, forests and meadows. It proves ecosystem management tools are relevant for the environmental policy and methodological basis for those tools being applied is assessment of ecosystem assets and services. Concept of ecosystem assets is quite innovative in Ukraine, and its definitions and visions of functions differ a lot. Both Ukrainian and foreign researchers focus mostly on ecosystem services, approaches to assess them and administration of the payments. Ecosystem assets and issues on their evaluations well as introduction of the ecosystem approach into the managerial practices are still underdeveloped. The paper is to define economic sense of ecosystem assets for provision of the sustainable development of territories. Evaluation of ecosystem assets is important for local communities in order to assess scope of ecosystem payments, elaborate local development strategies, and make decisions if economic activities communities carry on have to be altered. There are no universal rules for such the evaluation, and with foreign experience alone it is difficult to decide how territorial communities can assess their ecosystem assets and which tangible benefits they will get from it. Therefore, it is needed make more efforts in Ukraine too in order to introduce the tool and identify priority areas for its application, i.e. land and water use, biodiversity and so on. So that enhance implementation of the ecosystem approach into the management practices, considerable amendments in the legislation are required. Pilot projects on evaluation of ecosystem assets would be helpful and confirm feasibility of the approach. Even more, such the projects would assist to assess ecosystem services particularly produced by protected areas, water, soils and landfills.


2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rob Shields

This article considers the ethical implications of a stance toward or relation with the natural environment that could be characterized as dominant across many sectors of not only the economy but consumption patterns generally. Despite popular perception or denial of climate change over the past decades, this is an implicit relation toward the collateral risks and damages to ecosystems by human activity. Not only are livelihoods sustained on the basis of natural resources but the direct costs of hydrocarbon development are borne locally in the environment. For some, this is understood to be without a personal cost despite the fears expressed. The article quotes from interviews with residents. It stages a broader, continuing conversation about the ambivalence of being dependent on hydrocarbons. This article explores the difficulty of developing an ethical engagement with the nonhuman and natural ecosystems when they are relegated to the status of what will be referred to as “bare nature.” Rather than state of exception or standing reserve, nonhuman nature is only present as a form of absence and as nonentities and does not present an ethical challenge or claim.


2008 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 375-395 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai Kimmel ◽  
Ain Kull ◽  
Jüri-Ott Salm ◽  
Ülo Mander
Keyword(s):  

2004 ◽  
Vol 8 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 213-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Sheppard

AbstractIncreased awareness of the breadth and depth of existing environmental challenges is part of an environmental education. One effect of this increased awareness that can manifest itself in the environmental ethics classroom is pessimism. I outline two varieties of pessimism that have a tendency to hold sway in the environmental ethics classroom: 1) pessimism about the general state of the environment; and, 2) pessimism about being able to do anything about the general state of the environment. After outlining a few of the potential educational and vocational consequences of allowing pessimism to take root, I offer a pedagogical method for reducing the sway of pessimism in the classroom. I argue that William James' and John Dewey's writings on the subject of meliorism offer a framework that, when combined with some of the insights of incrementalism theory in environmental policy, can not only help students to reduce the sway of pessimism in the classroom, but also in their chosen career paths by, among other things, highlighting the "possibility of possibility".


Social Change ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 33 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 204-221
Author(s):  
Ghazala Shahabuddin

During the last few decades, there has been a growing realisation that biodiversity conservation cannot be successful without the active involvement of the people living close to and dependent on natural ecosystems for their survival and livelihoods. Consequently, there has been a gradual broadening of the global conservation agenda from strict nature protection to include the sustainable use of natural resources, which is now reflected in governmental policy the world over. However, as conservationists strive today towards the harmonisation of people's needs with biodiversity conservation, one of the most elusive, yet critical, goals for them has been the sustainable extraction of plant resources from the wild. Hundreds of plant species continue to be extracted from natural habitats for use as food, medicine, fuel and fodder in households and for commercial sale, both legally and illegally. As a consequence of unmonitored extraction and over-exploitation, many plant species populations are reported to be declining in the wild. In the face of increasing pressure on forest resources, it has become more important than ever before to devise quantitative management policies for sustainable plant use so that both forests and the livelihoods of millions of rural people who are dependent on them, can be sustained. One of the major stumbling blocks for conservationists in developing countries, who are attempting to design and implement sustainable forest management systems, is the lack of information on the state-of-the-art in this field, especially that relating to field methods, data analysis, data recording and monitoring systems. In order to fill this lacuna, a comprehensive bibliography of studies undertaken so far in the science of sustainable use from terrestrial ecosystems is presented here. The scope of this bibliography includes sustainable


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