scholarly journals Sustainability and Halal: Procedure, Profit and Ethical Practice

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-110
Author(s):  
Shaheed Tayob
Keyword(s):  
Food Production ◽  
Global Supply Chain ◽  
Global Trade ◽  
Ethical Criticism ◽  
Ethical Practice ◽  
Exchange Networks ◽  
Trade And Exchange ◽  
Environmental Relations ◽  
Meat Market ◽  
The City

Halal certification is a technological and technocratic transformation that facilitates increasingly complex food production and global supply chain management. However, the discourse and materiality of global trade and the growth of consumers for which halal certification is in demand have been the target of ethical criticism that puts forward the vulnerabilities of human, non-human, and environmental relations. This paper proceeds through some steps to elucidate questions of halal ethics in practice, halal certification, and Muslim trade and exchange networks. The research method uses a descriptive qualitative approach, using library sources. The results of the analysis and discussion show that the halal discursive tradition that centralizes intra-Muslim networking, trade, and exchange, is significant to consider the ethical stakes of halal certification for marginalized and precarious Muslim populations around the world. Drawing on ethnographic insights on the meat market in Mumbai, I argue that exclusive political intimacy and economic growth mean halal certification can play a part in the marginalization of the Muslim workforce and trade in the city. Therefore, the question of sustainability and halalness must consider the new formation of halal's ethical requirements to bridge the gap between the ethics of trade and intra-Muslim exchange and global trade conditions.

scholarly journals Street Cries and the urban ritornelle

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-80
Author(s):  
Jacob Kreutzfeldt
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Sound Studies ◽  
Urban Spaces ◽  
Felix Guattari ◽  
Northern European ◽  
The Social ◽  
Environmental Relations ◽  
The City ◽  
Fertile Area

Street cries, though rarely heard in Northern European cities today, testify to ways in which audible practices shape and structure urban spaces. Paradigmatic for what Gilles Deleuze and Felix Guattari call ‘the refrain’, the ritualised and stylised practice of street cries may point at the dynamics of space-making, through which the social and territorial construction of urban space is performed. The article draws on historical material, documenting and describing street cries, particularly in Copenhagen in the years 1929 to 1935. Most notably, the composer Vang Holmboe and the architect Steen Eiler Rasmussen have investigated Danish street cries as a musical and a spatial phenomenon, respectably. Such studies – from their individual perspectives – can be said to explore the aesthetics of urban environments, since street calls are developed and heard specifically in the context of the city. Investigating the different methods employed in the two studies and presenting Deleuze and Guattari’s theory of the refrain as a framework for further studies in the field, this article seeks to outline a fertile area of study for sound studies: the investigation of everyday refrains and the environmental relations they express and perform. Today changed sensibilities and technologies have rendered street crying obsolete in Northern Europe, but new urban ritornells may have taken their place.

Food production for the city: hybridization of farmers’ strategies between alternative and conventional food chains

2016 ◽  
Vol 40 (10) ◽  
pp. 1058-1084 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Filippini ◽  
E. Marraccini ◽  
M. Houdart ◽  
E. Bonari ◽  
S. Lardon
Keyword(s):  
Food Production ◽  
Food Chains ◽  
The City

scholarly journals Multitemporal Geospatial Evaluation of Urban Agriculture and (Non)-Sustainable Food Self-Provisioning in Milan, Italy

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1846 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Pulighe ◽  
Flavio Lupia
Keyword(s):  
Urban Agriculture ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Food Systems ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Google Earth ◽  
Total Production ◽  
Ancillary Data ◽  
Sustainable Food ◽  
The City

Urban agriculture in Global North cities is strongly promoted as a sustainable solution to achieve different goals, such as food production, quality of life, and well-being. Although several attempts have been made to evaluate urban agriculture production, few studies have investigated food production in a multitemporal geospatial way and considered per capita population needs, gender, and age strata consumption. This study presents a spatiotemporal quantification of urban agriculture in the city of Milan (Italy) for assessing food self-provisioning potential. We utilized high-resolution Google Earth images and ancillary data to create a detailed cadaster of urban agriculture for the years 2007 and 2014. Based on four scenarios of food production and statistical data on vegetables and cereals consumption, we estimated current total production and requirements for the city dwellers. Our results showed that the actual extension of vegetable gardens (98 ha) and arable land (2539 ha) in the best scenario could satisfy approximately 63,700 and 321,000 consumers of vegetables and cereal products, respectively. Overall, current urban agriculture production is not able to meet vegetables and cereal consumption for more than 1.3 million city residents. Scenario estimates suggest rethinking land use promoting horticultural production to achieve more sustainable food systems.

scholarly journals The Högdalen urban farm: a real case assessment of sustainability attributes

Food Security ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1461-1475
Author(s):  
Rebecka Milestad ◽  
Annika Carlsson-Kanyama ◽  
Christina Schaffer
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Food Provisioning ◽  
Urban Farm ◽  
City District ◽  
The City

AbstractWhile urban indoor farming is a fairly new phenomenon, there is a growing interest from producers, authorities and consumers alike. However, many assumptions are made, and expectations held, about urban indoor farming from a sustainability, food production and food provisioning point of view. These assumptions and expectations need to be tested and assessed. This study assessed greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and a number of social aspects of a newly established indoor urban farm in Stockholm. The farm was the result of a project created by commercial, civil society and municipal actors with the aim to make use of unused urban space, create jobs and produce food. While lettuce grown on the indoor farm emitted more GHG than lettuce cultivated outdoors in Sweden, it was more climate friendly than imported lettuce in our comparison. Furthermore, the indoor farm created value for the actors involved and for the city district, albeit on a small scale. Many of the positive environmental and social features owed to the small scale of the indoor farm and the context in which it developed. Thus, when evaluating production systems like this one, we need to be cautious and refrain from extrapolating the results.

scholarly journals Actually existing silk roads

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magnus Marsden
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Silk Road ◽  
Zhejiang Province ◽  
Global Distribution ◽  
Ethnographic Fieldwork ◽  
The Past ◽  
Trading Posts ◽  
The World ◽  
Trade And Exchange ◽  
The City

This article explores the relevance of the concept of Silk Road for understanding the patterns of trade and exchange between China, Eurasia and the Middle East. It is based on ethnographic fieldwork in the city of Yiwu, in China's Zhejiang Province. Yiwu is a node in the global distribution of Chinese ‘small commodities’ and home to merchants and traders from across Asia and beyond. The article explores the role played by traders from Afghanistan in connecting the city of Yiwu to markets and trading posts in the world beyond. It seeks to bring attention to the diverse types of networks involved in such forms of trade, as well as their emergence and development over the past thirty years.

scholarly journals Form Follows Food: An examination of architecture's role in urban farming

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Olivia Fong
Keyword(s):  
Food Production ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Urban Systems ◽  
Urban Residents ◽  
Urban Farming ◽  
Sustainable Living ◽  
Ecological Infrastructure ◽  
The City ◽  
Alternative Solutions ◽  
Architectural Interpretation

<p>With rising global urban populations, existing food infrastructure systems are rapidly becoming unsustainable. Increasing distances between rural food production and urban residents extends to a conceptual divide and misguided understanding of what activities ought to be classed as ‘rural’ versus ‘urban’. Some of those looking for alternative solutions note food’s potential to act as an organiser of urban systems and catalyst for sustainable living. However the concept of sustainability is often sidelined in photorealistic renders where designs are decorated with organic matter, designs that are unlikely to be viable. Tapping into food’s potential and with the readily available space of urban rooftops, the thesis explores rooftop urban farming to speculate the opportunities it presents in the city of Wellington, New Zealand. In relation to this important social, economic and ecological infrastructure, the thesis investigates how the potential for urban farming, from production to trading and consumption contributes to a sense of place through architectural interpretation. While widening the discussions of food and the city, architecture provides the built accommodation for both plants and people, so that the ‘urban future’ can be reevaluated.</p>

scholarly journals Trees and their seed networks: the social dynamics of urban fruit trees and implications for genetic diversity

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aurore Rimlinger ◽  
Marie-Louise Avana ◽  
Abdon Awono ◽  
Armel Chakocha ◽  
Alexis Gakwavu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Social Dynamics ◽  
Central Africa ◽  
Fruit Trees ◽  
Urban Trees ◽  
Tree Planting ◽  
Urban Context ◽  
Exchange Networks ◽  
The Social ◽  
The City

AbstractTrees are a traditional component of urban spaces where they provide ecosystem services critical to urban wellbeing. In the Tropics, urban trees’ seed origins have rarely been characterized. Yet, understanding the social dynamics linked to tree planting is critical given their influence on the distribution of associated genetic diversity. This study examines elements of these dynamics (seed exchange networks) in an emblematic indigenous fruit tree species from Central Africa, the African plum tree (Dacryodes edulis, Burseraceae), within the urban context of Yaoundé. We further evaluate the consequences of these social dynamics on the distribution of the genetic diversity of the species in the city. Urban trees were planted predominantly using seeds sourced from outside the city, resulting in a level of genetic diversity as high in Yaoundé as in a whole region of production of the species. Debating the different drivers that foster the genetic diversity in planted urban trees, the study argued that cities and urban dwellers can unconsciously act as effective guardians of indigenous tree genetic diversity.

Food production in the city: (re)negotiating land, food and property

2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (10) ◽  
pp. 1175-1193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerda R. Wekerle ◽  
Michael Classens
Keyword(s):  
Food Production ◽  
The City
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