Soil Quality as Indicated by Physical and Chemical Properties in Some Tanta Areas, Nile Delta, Egypt Using Remote Sensing and GIS Techniques.

<p>Rocky desertification induced by severe deforestation has caused the water loss and soil erosion in karst regions in southeast China, limiting local social and economic developments. To prevent further rocky desertification, the farmland which had obtained by deforestation were abandoned for recovery. As soil quality improved by agriculture abandonment should be examined, it is necessary to investigate the dynamics of physical and chemical properties of soil in different ages after abandonment. In this study, 38 investigation sites were selected for soil sampling on the slopes in Longtan trough valley in Youyang County, Chongqing Municipality, China. The dominant plant species of the investigation sites were also noted during soil sampling. The sites were divided into seven age classes according to their abandonment time. Dynamics of water content, bulk density, pH, and concentration of available potassium, available phosphorus, available nitrogen, total nitrogen and organic matters were examined. It suggests that soil quality might be deteriorated right after abandonment and then improved from around 20 years after abandonment. Deterioration of soil quality may be induced by lack of plant coverage and exposure of rock outcrops which may accelerate water loss and swelling and shrinkage cycles of soil. After the formation of plant communities and litter layer above the ground, soil quality was then apparently improved. These findings can provide a potential guideline for recovery management in karst regions in southwest of China.</p>

Download Full-text

Physical properties and particle-size fractions of soil organic matter in crop-livestock integration

Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo ◽

10.1590/s0100-06832012000400024 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 36 (4) ◽

pp. 1299-1310 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Carolina Tirloni ◽

Antonio Carlos Tadeu Vitorino ◽

Anderson Cristian Bergamin ◽

Luiz Carlos Ferreira de Souza

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Soil Quality ◽

Crop Rotation ◽

Cover Crops ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Environmental Stability ◽

Native Forest ◽

Physical And Chemical Properties ◽

Physical And Chemical ◽

And Chemical Properties

Crop-livestock integration represents an interesting alternative of soil management, especially in regions where the maintenance of cover crops in no-tillage systems is difficult. The objective of this study was to evaluate soil physical and chemical properties, based on the hypothesis that a well-managed crop-livestock integration system improves the soil quality and stabilizes the system. The experiment was set up in a completely randomized design, with five replications. The treatments were arranged in a 6 x 4 factorial design, to assess five crop rotation systems in crop-livestock integration, and native forest as reference of soil undisturbed by agriculture, in four layers (0.0-0.05; 0.05-0.10; 0.10-0.15 and 0.15-0.20 m). The crop rotation systems in crop-livestock integration promoted changes in soil physical and chemical properties and the effects of the different systems were mainly detected in the surface layer. The crops in integrated crop-livestock systems allowed the maintenance of soil carbon at levels equal to those of the native forest, proving the efficiency of these systems in terms of soil conservation. The systems influenced the environmental stability positively; the soil quality indicator mineral-associated organic matter was best related to aggregate stability.

Download Full-text

Degradation Characteristics of Soil-Quality-Related Physical and Chemical Properties Affected by Collapsing Gully: The Case of Subtropical Hilly Region, China

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su11123369 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (12) ◽

pp. 3369 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Shuyue Feng ◽

Hui Wen ◽

Shimin Ni ◽

Junguang Wang ◽

Chongfa Cai

Keyword(s):

Soil Quality ◽

Soil Degradation ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Gully Erosion ◽

Physical And Chemical Properties ◽

Erosion Processes ◽

Hilly Region ◽

Physical And Chemical ◽

Collapsing Gully ◽

And Chemical Properties

In the subtropical hilly areas of China, a collapsing gully, a particular type of permanent gully, poses a great threat to the productivity and sustainability of the local ecological and agricultural systems. However, few studies have been performed regarding the effects of collapsing gully erosion on soil degradation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of collapsing gully erosion on soil-quality-related physical and chemical properties. The collapsing gullies that were severely affected by erosion processes were considered at three stages (initial, active and stable stages) and corresponding soil samples were collected to analyze the spatial variation of the soil physical and chemical quality at each stage. The changes in the properties were assumed to be considerable in the regions affected by the erosion process compared with those unaffected by this process. Soil physical properties were more susceptible than soil nutrients to collapsing gully erosion in different spatial locations. The soil quality index (SQI) system consists of total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), pH, capillary porosity (CP), sand content (SA), soil cohesion (SC) and root density (RD). Collapsing gully erosion was found to affect the soil physical and chemical properties by progressively reducing the SQI. The mean SQI value was the lowest in the active stage of the collapsing gully, with a higher soil degradation. For the different spatial positions in the collapsing gullies, the scour channel showed the lowest SQI value. The limiting indicators varied in the different stages or spatial sites in the collapsing gullies.

Download Full-text

ASSESSMENT AND MAPPING OF DESERTIFICATION USING SOIL QUALITY INDICATORS FOR SOME PARTS OF IRAQ

IRAQI JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES ◽

10.36103/ijas.v51i5.1136 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 51 (5) ◽

pp. 1290-1299

Author(s):

Qadir & Azeez

Keyword(s):

Soil Quality ◽

Surface Soil ◽

Geometric Mean ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Soil Samples ◽

Physical And Chemical Properties ◽

Soil Quality Indicators ◽

Physical And Chemical ◽

Quality Maps ◽

And Chemical Properties

This study was conducted to assess desertification for dry lands in some parts of Iraq. The study area located between longitudes 43025- 41" - 460 28- 01" E and latitudes 340 18- 35" - 360 20- 56" N with an area of 26500Km2which include some parts of the governorates of Sulaimani, Diyala, Kirkuk, and Erbil in Iraq. Eighty nine surface soil samples were taken, air dried, sieved through a 2 mm sieve and then analyzed for some physical and chemical properties. Desertification is assessed according to Mediterranean Desertification and Land Use model (MEDALUS). ArcGIS 10.2 was used to analyze and prepare the layers of soil quality maps. In turn the geometric mean of all six quality maps was used to generate a single desertification status map .In calculating the weight of the soil quality indicator SQI it seems that it was divided into two classes, firstly, class 2(moderate quality) with an area of 25147 km2, which occupied 95% of the study area and the rest is class3 (low quality) with an area of 1309 km 2 which equal to 5% of the total area.

Download Full-text

Research on the Evaluation of the Soil Quality in the Evolution of Ecological Slope-Protected Base Material

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.193-194.274 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 193-194 ◽

pp. 274-278

Author(s):

Yue Shu Yang ◽

Wen Nian Xu ◽

Zhen Yao Xia ◽

Qi Yang

Keyword(s):

Soil Quality ◽

Index System ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Base Material ◽

Evaluation Index System ◽

Physical And Chemical Properties ◽

Soil Quality Index ◽

Concrete Base ◽

Physical And Chemical ◽

And Chemical Properties

Two vegetation-growing concrete slopes completed are chosen as research objects and the Analytical Hierarchy Process method is adopted to establish the evaluation index system, aiming at quantifying the physical and chemical properties of the base material and analyzing the results contrastively. The study shows that the physical and chemical properties of vegetation-growing concrete base material keep improving with the growth of time to better adapt to the growth of vegetation. This evaluation results tally with the actual situation of the sample sites, which suggests that this base material soil quality index system has great practical value. The differences occurring in the evaluation value of two pieces of sample sites suggest that regional environment is the main factor to affect the quality of vegetation-growing concrete base material.

Download Full-text

Soil quality in corn cultivation using bamboo biochar, compost, and phonska

MATEC Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/matecconf/201819713001 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 197 ◽

pp. 13001 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Yohanes P Situmeang

Keyword(s):

Soil Quality ◽

Soil Moisture Content ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Physical And Chemical Properties ◽

Dry Land ◽

The Status ◽

Quality Rating ◽

Indicator Data ◽

Physical And Chemical ◽

And Chemical Properties

This study aims to determine the status of soil quality after biochar treatment, compost, and phonska in the cornfield. Soil samples were taken from 48 experimental plots after harvesting of maize. Assessment of soil quality is done by collecting selected indicator data including soil physical and chemical properties to observe changes in soil due to land use and agricultural cultivation practices. The soil quality status in this study was determined by calculating the value of soil quality rating (SQR) based on the weighting of 11 indicators of soil quality. The results showed that soil quality before the research was bad (SQR 30) and improved to moderate (SQR 27) until a good (SQR 20) after the research of biochar, compost and NPK phonska on the cornfield. Improved soil quality in biochar formulations 10.52 t ha-1, compost, and phonska, due to improved soil physical properties such as porosity, bulk density, and soil moisture content, which has encouraged the process of exchange and chemical reactions in the soil to release nutrients for the plant. Giving of bamboo biochar, compost, and NPK phonska on dry land cultivated maize has resulted in good soil quality (SQR 20) or approaching sustainability status is very good (highly sustainable).

Download Full-text

Assessment of Soil Quality Using Remote Sensing and GIS Techniques in Some Areas of North-East Nile Delta, Egypt

Egyptian Journal of Soil Science ◽

10.21608/ejss.2016.3332 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 56 (4) ◽

pp. 621-638 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Keyword(s):

Remote Sensing ◽

Soil Quality ◽

Nile Delta ◽

Remote Sensing And Gis ◽

Gis Techniques ◽

North East ◽

East Nile Delta

Download Full-text

Study of Morphological, Physical and Chemical Characteristics of Salt Affected Soils Using Remote Sensing Technologies at Basrah Province

Basrah Journal of Agricultural Sciences ◽

10.37077/25200860.2019.261 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 32 ◽

pp. 105-125

Author(s):

Saadia M. Saleh ◽

Salah M. Sultan ◽

Ali H. Dheyab

Keyword(s):

Remote Sensing ◽

River Sediments ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Morphological Description ◽

Physical And Chemical Properties ◽

Light Yellow ◽

Salt Affected Soils ◽

Physical And Chemical ◽

And Chemical Properties

This study was carried out to determine some morphological, physical and chemical properties of sedimentary salt affected soils in Basrah region east of Shatt al-Arab, and from the madina north to Abi Al-Khaseeb in the south of an area of 2819.06km2. Soil mapping units were separated using ERDAS software calculated from B4, B3, B2 and GIS spectral belts. The results of the morphological description of all the pedons showed that they represent the state of the newly formed undeveloped soils mainly composed of river sediments with the absence of diagnostic subsurface horizons. According to the prevalence of the prevailing wavelength 7.5R at drought was more than 60% of total horizons with almost equal proportions of Wavelengths 7.5YR, 5YR and 10R. Where the dominance between the wavelengths 2.5Y, 10R, 5YR and the colours ranged from Light yellow to reddish-brown heavy. Since the salinity of the soil is very important for the purposes of classification of soil and the preparation of maps and reclamation of these soils, this study aimed to study the characteristics of soils affected by salinity has separated into maps units using remote sensing technologies and geographic information systems.

Download Full-text

Aerosol physical and chemical properties retrieved from ground-based remote sensing measurements during heavy haze days in Beijing winter

Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics ◽

10.5194/acp-13-10171-2013 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 13 (20) ◽

pp. 10171-10183 ◽

Cited By ~ 107

Author(s):

Z. Li ◽

X. Gu ◽

L. Wang ◽

D. Li ◽

Y. Xie ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Remote Sensing ◽

Size Distribution ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Refractive Indices ◽

Spectral Variation ◽

Physical And Chemical Properties ◽

Fine Mode ◽

Physical And Chemical ◽

Haze Days ◽

And Chemical Properties

Abstract. With the increase in economic development over the past thirty years, many large cities in eastern and southwestern China are experiencing increased haze events and atmospheric pollution, causing significant impacts on the regional environment and even climate. However, knowledge on the aerosol physical and chemical properties in heavy haze conditions is still insufficient. In this study, two winter heavy haze events in Beijing that occurred in 2011 and 2012 were selected and investigated by using the ground-based remote sensing measurements. We used a CIMEL CE318 sun–sky radiometer to retrieve haze aerosol optical, physical and chemical properties, including aerosol optical depth (AOD), size distribution, complex refractive indices and aerosol fractions identified as black carbon (BC), brown carbon (BrC), mineral dust (DU), ammonium sulfate-like (AS) components and aerosol water content (AW). The retrieval results from a total of five haze days showed that the aerosol loading and properties during the two winter haze events were comparable. Therefore, average heavy haze property parameters were drawn to present a research case for future studies. The average AOD is about 3.0 at 440 nm, and the Ångström exponent is 1.3 from 440 to 870 nm. The fine-mode AOD is 2.8 corresponding to a fine-mode fraction of 0.93. The coarse particles occupied a considerable volume fraction of the bimodal size distribution in winter haze events, with the mean particle radius of 0.21 and 2.9 μm for the fine and coarse modes respectively. The real part of the refractive indices exhibited a relatively flat spectral behavior with an average value of 1.48 from 440 to 1020 nm. The imaginary part showed spectral variation, with the value at 440 nm (about 0.013) higher than the other three wavelengths (about 0.008 at 675 nm). The aerosol composition retrieval results showed that volume fractions of BC, BrC, DU, AS and AW are 1, 2, 49, 15 and 33%, respectively, on average for the investigated haze events. The preliminary uncertainty estimation and comparison of these remote sensing results with in situ BC and PM2.5 measurements are also presented in the paper.

Download Full-text

Aerosol physical and chemical properties retrieved from ground-based remote sensing measurements during heavy haze days in Beijing winter

Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions ◽

10.5194/acpd-13-5091-2013 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 5091-5122 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Z. Q. Li ◽

X. Gu ◽

L. Wang ◽

D. Li ◽

K. Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Remote Sensing ◽

Size Distribution ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Chemical Components ◽

Refractive Indices ◽

Spectral Variation ◽

Physical And Chemical Properties ◽

Physical And Chemical ◽

Haze Days ◽

And Chemical Properties

Abstract. With the development of economy in the past thirty years, many large cities in the eastern and southwestern China are experiencing increased haze events and atmospheric pollution, causing significant impacts on the regional environment and even climate. However, knowledge on the aerosol physical and chemical properties in heavy haze conditions is still insufficient. In this study, two winter heavy haze events in Beijing occurred in 2011 and 2012 were selected and investigated by using the ground-based remote sensing measurements. We used CIMEL CE318 sun-sky radiometer to derive haze aerosol optical, physical and chemical properties, including aerosol optical depth (AOD), size distribution, complex refractive indices and fractions of chemical components like black carbon (BC), brown carbon (BrC), mineral dust (DU), ammonium sulfate-like (AS) components and aerosol water content (AW). The retrieval results from a total of five haze days showed that the aerosol loading and properties during the two winter haze events were relatively stable. Therefore, a parameterized heavy haze characterization was drawn to present a research case for future studies. The averaged AOD is 3.2 at 440 nm and Ångström exponent is 1.3 from 440–870 nm. The coarse particles occupied a considerable fraction of the bimodal size distribution in winter haze events, with the mean particle radius of 0.21 and 2.9 μm for the fine and coarse mode respectively. The real part of the refractive indices exhibited a relatively flat spectral behavior with an average value of 1.48 from 440 to 1020 nm. The imaginary part showed obviously spectral variation with the value at 440 nm (about 0.013) higher than other three wavelengths (e.g. about 0.008 at 675 nm). The chemical composition retrieval results showed that BC, BrC, DU, AS and AW occupied 1%, 2%, 49%, 15% and 33% respectively on average for the investigated haze events. The comparison of these remote sensing results with in situ BC and PM2.5 measurements were also presented in the paper.

Download Full-text