The mouth and gastrointestinal tract of the african lung fish Protopterus annectens (owen 1839) in River Niger at Agenebode, Edo State Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 181-188
Author(s):  
Agbugui Marian Onwude ◽  
Oniye Sunnie Joshua
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Protopterus Annectens ◽  
Edo State ◽  
River Niger

scholarly journals Gross Anatomy and Histological Features of Gymnarchus niloticus (Cuvier, 1829) from the River Niger at Agenebode in Edo State, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
M. O. Agbugui ◽  
F. E. Abhulimen ◽  
H. O. Egbo
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Complex Structure ◽  
Feeding Habit ◽  
Gastric Glands ◽  
Carnivorous Fish ◽  
Histological Features ◽  
Pyloric Caeca ◽  
Gymnarchus Niloticus ◽  
Edo State ◽  
River Niger

This study was conducted to record the anatomy and histological features of the gastrointestinal tract of the trunk fish Gymnarchus niloticus captured at Agenebode in the Lower River Niger, Edo State. The gastrointestinal tract was segmented into the mouth, oesophagus, stomach, pyloric caeca, and intestine. The slender (taeniform) body that is fuller at the head tappers at its end. There are no spines on this fish, and the fins used for locomotion are the dorsal fins and not the typical pectoral fins as in other fish. The oesophagus, stomach, pyloric caeca, intestine, and cloaca (anterior, intermediate, posterior, and rectum) were analysed for histological examination. The stomach had significantly higher villi and thicker inner circular muscles compared to the intestine and oesophagus. The lamina propria was thickest in the stomach which is significantly higher when compared with the oesophagus, but not with the intestine. However, the intestine showed significantly thicker outer longitudinal muscle, while gastric glands were observed only in the stomach. The histological features were closely associated with the functions of the different segments of the gastrointestinal tract. In conclusion, the histological features of the gastrointestinal tract of G. niloticus are consistent with the feeding habit of a carnivorous fish. In conclusion, the GIT is a complex structure composed of organs that reveals that it is a higher vertebrate created for a hardy survival, consistent with the feeding habit of a carnivorous fish. The histology reveals a GIT formed by four conspicuous layers from the inside to the outside of the mucosa, submucosa, and an inner longitudinal layer of the muscularis and the outer circular of the muscularis typical of higher vertebrates.

scholarly journals The Anatomy of the Gastrointestinal Tract of the African Lungfish, Protopterus annectens

2010 ◽  
Vol 293 (7) ◽  
pp. 1146-1154 ◽  
Author(s):  
José M. Icardo ◽  
Wai P. Wong ◽  
Elvira Colvee ◽  
Ai M. Loong ◽  
Yuen K. Ip
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Protopterus Annectens ◽  
African Lungfish

Biodiversity of Fish Fauna in River Niger at Agenebode, Edo State, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 159-166
Author(s):  
Agbugui M. Onwude ◽  
Abhulimen E. Fran ◽  
Inobeme Abel ◽  
Olori Eric
Keyword(s):  
Fish Fauna ◽  
Edo State ◽  
River Niger

scholarly journals Ika Igbo

2015 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joy Oluchi Uguru
Keyword(s):  
Word List ◽  
Lexical Tone ◽  
The West ◽  
North East ◽  
Nasal Vowels ◽  
Language Status ◽  
Major Interest ◽  
Edo State ◽  
Syntactic Function ◽  
River Niger

Ika is a dialect of the Igbo language spoken in Ika South and Ika North East Local Government Areas of Delta State and the Igbanke area of Edo State in Nigeria. It belongs to the Niger Igbo cluster of dialects (Ikekeonwu 1986) spoken in areas bordering the west of the River Niger; Nwaozuzu (2008) refers to these dialects as West Niger Group of Dialects. A word list of Ika, written by Williamson (1968), was one of the earliest works on Ika and she points out in that work that Ika (and Ukwuani), though regarded as dialects of Igbo, are treated as separate on purely linguistic grounds. Ika phonology differs from that of Standard Igbo and other Igbo dialects and this is why the study of Ika has been of major interest to Igbo linguists in recent years. There have been moves to grant Ika a language status, as seen in the assignment of a unique reference code to Ika: the ISO language code for Ika is ISO 639–3 ikk while that for Igbo is ISO 639–3 ibo. Standard Igbo has the same consonants as Ika though the latter has two consonants, /ʃ/and/ʒ/, which do not exist in the Standard dialect. However, the vocalic system of Ika is largely different from that of Standard and some Igbo dialects which have eight vowels. Ika has a nine-vowel system which includes the schwa, which is a variant of some vowels. Furthermore, it has nine nasal vowels; Standard Igbo and other dialects of Igbo have no nasal vowels. Ika manifests intonation in addition to lexical tone. Standard Igbo and other Igbo dialects do not manifest intonation in the same way as Ika does; that is, they do not express attitudes and emotions through intonation. They manifest only lexical tone. In an earlier study of Northern Igbo dialects, Ikekeonwu (1986) could only discover the existence of upstep in Abakaliki dialect. Okorji (1991) and Egbeji (1999) have studied the intonation of Umuchu, an inland West dialect of Igbo. Their findings, particularly Egbeji’s, show that a declarative sentence can be changed to an interrogative one (repetitive question) by use of intonation. This is a syntactic function which can also be likened to what happens in Standard and most other Igbo dialects where the tone of the pronominal subject changes from high to low in the indication of interrogation. At present, therefore, there appears to be no evidence that attitudes and emotions can be expressed through intonation in Umuchu and other Igbo dialects as is observed in Ika.

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