OXICOLOGICAL AND PATHOLOGICAL STUDIES ON THE ADVERSE EFFECTS OF INSECTICIDE TRICHLORFON (METRIFONATE) IN ALBINO RATS WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO MALE FERTILITY

2010 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-91
Author(s):  
Gihan Moustafa ◽  
Naglaa, Z. H. Eleiwa ◽  
Zeinab, M. Labib
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Special Reference ◽  
Male Fertility ◽  
Albino Rats

scholarly journals A stochastic model for the simulation of management decisions in dairy herds, with special reference to reproductive performance.

1985 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-61
Author(s):  
A.A. Dijkhuizen ◽  
S. Hibma ◽  
J.A. Renkema
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Stochastic Model ◽  
Special Reference ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Dairy Herds ◽  
Calving Interval ◽  
Management Decisions

A 15 year simulation was carried out in order to test a model for dairy cattle culling. Provisional results indicate that decreasing max. allowed calving interval from 520 to 360 days decreases herd income due to adverse effects on herd life. (Abstract retrieved from CAB Abstracts by CABI’s permission)

scholarly journals CLINICAL EFFICACY OF DASHMOOL KWATH NASYA IN THE MANAGEMENT OF MANYASTAMBHA WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO CERVICAL SPONDYLITIS

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 26-31
Author(s):  
Ashish Mishra ◽  
Satish Chand Gupta ◽  
Mansoor Ahmad ◽  
Bharti Tiwari
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Special Reference ◽  
Clinical Efficacy ◽  
Cervical Spondylosis ◽  
Therapeutic Procedure ◽  
Prolonged Action ◽  
Permanent Cure ◽  
Ayurvedic Treatment ◽  
Paired T Test

Background: Nasya is an essential therapeutic procedure as many of the courses of Ayurvedic treatment. It comes under the Panchashodhana karmas. It is necessary in all Urdhwa jathru vikaras. Nasya is effective for inducing immediate results and serves as a permanent cure. Cervical spondylotic change is frequently found in many asymptomatic adults, with 25 the age of 40, 50% of adults over the age of 40 and 85% of adults over the age of 60 showing evidence of disc degeneration. Cervical spondylosis can be compared with Manyastambha based on signs & symptoms. Nasya is the simple techniques and ingredients are readily available & economical. Also, these are indicated in the management of Manyastambha and have no proven adverse effects. This study was intended to assess the efficacy of the Dashmool Kwath Nasya in the management of this disease. Method: Randomly, 30 patients of Manyastambha were selected and paired “t” test was used. Result: Statistically significant improvement was found in this study on post-follow-up. Conclusion: Dashmool Kwath Nasya is having a prolonged action as it is having highly significant results post follow up of treatment as compared to after treatment.

Hypoxia and reproduction in Swiss mice

1962 ◽  
Vol 202 (4) ◽  
pp. 611-615 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernard Baird ◽  
S. F. Cook
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Mating Behavior ◽  
Stress Level ◽  
Functional Impairment ◽  
Male Fertility ◽  
Critical Size ◽  
Fetal Tissue ◽  
Gestation Time ◽  
Almost All

Swiss albino mice were maintained in closed decompression chambers: 1) continuously at simulated altitudes of 14,200 and 18,000 ft; 2) intermittently, 6 hr/day, at 20,000, 21,500, and 25,000 ft; 3) continuously at sea level with atmosphere of 12% oxygen, 88% nitrogen. All animals were acclimatized before exposure. In all cases mating behavior was normal, and there was no functional impairment of male fertility. Impregnation was observed with all mated, adapted females in almost all experiments. Exceptions were considered due to early resorption of embryos. No significant effect of hypoxia was noted on implantation, placentas, vascularization, gestation time, or parturition. Adverse effects of hypoxia were manifested primarily in resorption of fetuses when they had attained a critical size (about 7 mm). The incidence of resorption correlated directly with stress level, expressed as duration and intensity of hypoxia, and is considered to be contingent on the critically respiring mass of fetal tissue.

scholarly journals Risks of hormonally active pharmaceuticals to amphibians: a growing concern regarding progestagens

2014 ◽  
Vol 369 (1656) ◽  
pp. 20130577 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moa Säfholm ◽  
Anton Ribbenstedt ◽  
Jerker Fick ◽  
Cecilia Berg
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Special Reference ◽  
Environmental Exposure ◽  
Reproductive Cycle ◽  
Sex Differentiation ◽  
Reproductive Toxicity ◽  
Test Species ◽  
Exposure Levels ◽  
Critical Phases ◽  
Water Borne

Most amphibians breed in water, including the terrestrial species, and may therefore be exposed to water-borne pharmaceuticals during critical phases of the reproductive cycle, i.e. sex differentiation and gamete maturation. The objectives of this paper were to (i) review available literature regarding adverse effects of hormonally active pharmaceuticals on amphibians, with special reference to environmentally relevant exposure levels and (ii) expand the knowledge on toxicity of progestagens in amphibians by determining effects of norethindrone (NET) and progesterone (P) exposure to 0, 1, 10 or 100 ng l −1 (nominal) on oogenesis in the test species Xenopus tropicalis . Very little information was found on toxicity of environmentally relevant concentrations of pharmaceuticals on amphibians. Research has shown that environmental concentrations (1.8 ng l −1 ) of the pharmaceutical oestrogen ethinylestradiol (EE 2 ) cause developmental reproductive toxicity involving impaired spermatogenesis in frogs. Recently, it was found that the progestagen levonorgestrel (LNG) inhibited oogenesis in frogs by interrupting the formation of vitellogenic oocytes at an environmentally relevant concentration (1.3 ng l −1 ). Results from the present study revealed that 1 ng NET l −1 and 10 ng P l −1 caused reduced proportions of vitellogenic oocytes and increased proportions of previtellogenic oocytes compared with the controls, thereby indicating inhibited vitellogenesis. Hence, the available literature shows that the oestrogen EE 2 and the progestagens LNG, NET and P impair reproductive functions in amphibians at environmentally relevant exposure concentrations. The progestagens are of particular concern given their prevalence, the range of compounds and that several of them (LNG, NET and P) share the same target (oogenesis) at environmental exposure concentrations, indicating a risk for adverse effects on fertility in exposed wild amphibians.

scholarly journals Toxicological Effects and Histopathological Alterations of Diazinon and Alpha Cypermethrin on Male Albino Rats

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Maher A. Hammad ◽  
Reem M. Ziada
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Lethal Dose ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Enzymatic Antioxidants ◽  
Hydropic Degeneration ◽  
Histopathological Alterations

Background: In Egypt, risk assessment of pesticides usage and pesticides misuse to protect plants and increase productivity connected with health hazards and pollution problems have been of public interest. Around the world three million acute poisoning cases from pesticide exposure annually report. Aim of study was to investigate the histopathological alterations, biochemical and genotoxicity adverse effects of synthetic insecticides Diazinon (organophosphorus) and alpha cypermethrin (pyrethroid) which are using for agricultural and public health applications on male albino rats. Methods: Twenty one albino rats were detached into control and two experimental groups. The experimental groups were treated with Diazinon (DIZ) and Alpha-cypermethrin (α-CYP) at sub-lethal dose (1/10 LD50 36.51 and 1.4 mg/kg body weight, respectively) by oral treatment for consecutively 28-days. The male albino rats in control treatment were put in similar surrounding conditions and treated with 5 ml /Kg tap water. Albino rats were killed after completing exposure of 28-days, liver and brain samples were dissected out for processing and sectioning examinations. Results: The obtained results revealed that both tested insecticides induced oxidative damage as appearance by a significant raise in malondialdehyde (MDA) indicating lipid peroxidation and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) damage indicating genotoxicity in the liver and brain. Besides, increase in GSH level and decline in enzymatic antioxidants (GST, CAT, SOD) activities were observed in liver. Marked increase was noticed in GSH levels and GST activity in brain whereas CAT and SOD antioxidant enzymes activity were significantly reduced. Histopathological studies in brain and liver revealed multiplied focal hepatic necrosis, hydropic degeneration of the hepatocytes and portal infiltration inflammatory cells in the liver. Necrosis of neurons, neuronophagia, focal gliosis and cellular oedema, congestion of cerebral blood vessel were noticed in the brain of exposed rats. Conclusion: The histopathological examination of brain and liver tissues and oxidative damage biomarkers showed adverse effects of DIZ or α-CYP insecticides at the tested dose (1/10 LD50).

scholarly journals Effects of exposure to 50 Hz, 1 Gauss magnetic field on reproductive traits in male albino rats

2011 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Islam M. Saadeldin ◽  
Ali M. Fadel ◽  
Mohamed M. Z. Hamada ◽  
Adel A. El-Badry
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Male Fertility ◽  
Prolonged Exposure ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Exposed Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Testicular Germ Cell ◽  
Post Exposure ◽  
Control Serum

The effects of extremely low frequency magnetic field ELF-MF (50 Hz/1 Gauss) on male fertility were studied in rats. Twenty eight adult male Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups, 2 experimental groups exposed to magnetic field for 21 days and 2 control groups (sham exposed). The first exposed group was sacrificed at the end of the exposure period, and the second exposed group was kept for extra 48 days post exposure to assess the delayed effects of exposure. Significant decrease in the testes weights, sperm motility, sperm count, normal sperms and live sperms was detected in the exposed groups compared to control. Serum testosterone concentrations were significantly increased after 21 days of exposure, and then these changes were corrected after 48 days post exposure. Superoxide dismutase, catalase activities and α-tocopherol concentration were significantly decreased after 21 days of exposure, while the later became non-significant after 48 days post exposure. L-ascorbate concentration was significantly increased after 21 days of exposure, and returned to normal 48 days post exposure. Histopathological examination of the testis from the exposed rats showed a disruption in its architecture with an increase in Leydig cell number and activity, whereas 48 days post exposure, the testicular germ cell layers increased with presence of high apoptotic rates. In conclusion, prolonged exposure to 50 Hz, 1 Gauss MF is biologically toxic to the testicular functions with oxidative stress on spermatogenesis that subsequently may affect male fertility and his sexual efficiency.

scholarly journals Statin-induced myopathy in muscles of lower limb with special reference to gastrocnemius muscle in albino rats

QJM ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 111 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
K Fares ◽  
H Abd-El-Hamid ◽  
A Youssef ◽  
M Rafla
Keyword(s):  
Special Reference ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Gastrocnemius Muscle ◽  
Albino Rats
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