THE ROLE OF NON-ALLELIC INTERACTION IN INHERITANCE OF SOME ECONOMIC TRAITS IN G. BARBADENSE

Genetic improvement in livestock was achieved earlier by selective breeding of individuals with superior phenotypes. Now due to the advances in molecular genetics and biotechnology candidate genes of economic traits can be included in selection for breeding programmes. Genes responsible for the resistance/susceptibility to infections with various pathogens (Major Histo Compatibility (MHC) genes, Solute Carrier family11 member A1 (SLC11A1) gene, Toll Like Receptor (TLR) genes etc.), have been recently identified and characterized in human beings as well as in many animals. Among these the role of SLC11A1 gene is very important due to its association with resistance/ susceptibility to various intracellular pathogens in human as well as in livestock species. The SLC11A1 gene, formerly known as natural resistance-associated macrophage protein 1 (NRAMP1) encodes an integral membrane protein regulating the activity of macrophages. Genetic resistance/ susceptibility to diseases due to candidate gene polymorphisms could be used in selection and breeding for disease resistance in animals.

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ESTIMATION GENE EFFECTS BASED ON JOINT SCALING TEST AND SOME GENETIC PARAMETERS IN FOUR MAIZE CROSSES 1-YIELD COMPONENTS

IRAQI JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES ◽

10.36103/ijas.v49i2.220 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 49 (2) ◽

Author(s):

B. H. Hadi

Keyword(s):

Genetic Parameters ◽

Genetic Variance ◽

Block Design ◽

Dominance Model ◽

Chi Square ◽

Gene Effects ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design ◽

Maize Grain ◽

Allelic Interaction

The objective of this study to estimate the components of genetic variation, phenotypic (PCV) ,genotypic(GCV) coefficient of variation, genetic gain and its percentage. An experiment was conducted at the field of Field Crop Dept.Coll. Agric.-Univ. Baghdad, using four crosses (FI01301 Rustico), (AntignaoHi39× Nostred), (Lo1391× Rustico) and (Rusticocangini× Rustico) which developed from crossing of genetically different of six inbred lines for maize (Zae mays L.), introduced from Italy. Genetic parameters were estimated according to the Joint scaling test using the randomized complete block design with four replications. The components of genetic variance; Additive and dominance of the maize grain yield and some trait, were estimated. The results showed that the values of Chi square were significant for all the studied some traits of all crosses, thus the simple additive – dominance model in four crosses exhibited lack of good fit for all traits, indicates the role of non-allelic interaction. Dominance gene action was higher than additive for most traits. Therefore the hybridization would be more effective than population selection to improve these traits for these crosses.

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Ovarian Expression Profile of KISS1 and NGF Genes in Indian Goat

Indian Journal of Animal Research ◽

10.18805/ijar.b-4448 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Mahesh Shivananad Dige ◽

Chinmoy Mishra ◽

Manoj Kumar Singh ◽

Saket Bhusan ◽

Rakesh Kaushik ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Litter Size ◽

Real Time Pcr ◽

Crucial Role ◽

Ovarian Tissue ◽

Economic Traits ◽

Female Reproduction ◽

Expression Levels ◽

Endogenous Controls ◽

Indian Goat

Background: Litter size is one of the most important economic traits that translates into higher returns for farmers. KISS 1 and NGF genes plays significant role in female reproduction. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the potential variation in the of expression levels of KISS1 and NGF genes in ovarian tissue of two different goat breeds with diverse prolificacy. Methods: Phenotypic records pertaining to litter size of Barbari and Jamunapari goats were collected. Total RNA was extracted from both breeds' ovarian tissues for real-time PCR quantification of the KISS1 and NGF genes, using GAPDH and β-actin as endogenous controls. The target gene’s expression levels were measured and the fold-change was determined. Result: The phenotypic recording revealed that Barbari goats are more prolific in nature than Jamunapari goats. The expression levels of KISS1 and NGF genes were higher in Barbari goat and lower in Jamunapari goat (P less than 0.05). The results of this study can be used to further discover the crucial role of KISS1 and NGF genes in reproduction for improving the prolificacy in goats.

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Role of dactinomycin in the improved survival of children with Wilms' tumor

JAMA ◽

10.1001/jama.195.12.1005 ◽

1966 ◽

Vol 195 (12) ◽

pp. 1005-1009 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

D. J. Fernbach

Keyword(s):

Wilms Tumor

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Role of the allergist in diagnosis and management of patients with uveitis

JAMA ◽

10.1001/jama.195.3.167 ◽

1966 ◽

Vol 195 (3) ◽

pp. 167-172 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

T. E. Van Metre

Keyword(s):

Diagnosis And Management

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The power of norms to sway fused group members

Behavioral and Brain Sciences ◽

10.1017/s0140525x18001644 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 41 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Winnifred R. Louis ◽

Craig McGarty ◽

Emma F. Thomas ◽

Catherine E. Amiot ◽

Fathali M. Moghaddam

Keyword(s):

Evolutionary Anthropology ◽

Normative Systems ◽

Violent Extremism ◽

Identity Fusion ◽

Group Members

AbstractWhitehouse adapts insights from evolutionary anthropology to interpret extreme self-sacrifice through the concept of identity fusion. The model neglects the role of normative systems in shaping behaviors, especially in relation to violent extremism. In peaceful groups, increasing fusion will actually decrease extremism. Groups collectively appraise threats and opportunities, actively debate action options, and rarely choose violence toward self or others.

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Elaborating the role of reflection and individual differences in the study of folk-economic beliefs

Behavioral and Brain Sciences ◽

10.1017/s0140525x18000274 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 41 ◽

Author(s):

Kevin Arceneaux

Keyword(s):

Decision Making ◽

Individual Differences ◽

Cognitive Processes ◽

Evolutionary History ◽

Behavioral Responses ◽

History Of ◽

Economic Beliefs

AbstractIntuitions guide decision-making, and looking to the evolutionary history of humans illuminates why some behavioral responses are more intuitive than others. Yet a place remains for cognitive processes to second-guess intuitive responses – that is, to be reflective – and individual differences abound in automatic, intuitive processing as well.

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The role of affect in feelings of obligation

Behavioral and Brain Sciences ◽

10.1017/s0140525x19002449 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 43 ◽

Author(s):

Stefen Beeler-Duden ◽

Meltem Yucel ◽

Amrisha Vaish

Keyword(s):

Positive Emotions ◽

The Creation ◽

Sense Of Obligation

Abstract Tomasello offers a compelling account of the emergence of humans’ sense of obligation. We suggest that more needs to be said about the role of affect in the creation of obligations. We also argue that positive emotions such as gratitude evolved to encourage individuals to fulfill cooperative obligations without the negative quality that Tomasello proposes is inherent in obligations.

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Refining our understanding of the “elephant in the room”

Behavioral and Brain Sciences ◽

10.1017/s0140525x20000096 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 43 ◽

Author(s):

Andrew Whiten

Keyword(s):

Social Cognition ◽

Cultural Evolution ◽

Cognitive Abilities ◽

Critical Factors ◽

Technological Culture

Abstract The authors do the field of cultural evolution a service by exploring the role of non-social cognition in human cumulative technological culture, truly neglected in comparison with socio-cognitive abilities frequently assumed to be the primary drivers. Some specifics of their delineation of the critical factors are problematic, however. I highlight recent chimpanzee–human comparative findings that should help refine such analyses.

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