scholarly journals Modeling of groundwater yield by the electrical method case of the Triassic sandstone aquifer (Tataouine South-Eastern Tunisia)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Houyem Khorchani ◽  
Samir Kamel
Keyword(s):  
Storage Capacity ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Current Electrode ◽  
Sandstone Aquifer ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Groundwater Supply ◽  
Groundwater Yield ◽  
Longitudinal Unit Conductance ◽  
Longitudinal Resistivity ◽  
Triassic Sandstone

Abstract The method of electrical resistivity has proven very effective in the evaluation of groundwater. This specialized technique uses Dar-Zarrouk (D-Z) parameters in the estimation of longitudinal unit conductance, transverse unit resistance, and longitudinal resistivity to examine the groundwater level, to distinguish the fresh, brackish, and saline water interface, and to assess the storage capacity of groundwater in the Triassic sandstone aquifer system in the Tataouine region (South-Eastern Tunisia). In this context, 23 vertical electrical soundings (VESs) were carried out in the Tataouine region using the Schlumberger configuration with a current electrode with a maximum spacing of the current electrodes (AB) of 500–600 m. The results indicate that the study area consists of three types of aquifers: (i) silt/clay saline water (<20 Ωm), (ii) a mixture of sand and clay freshwater (20–40 Ωm), and (iii) sand freshwater (40–200 Ωm). These sand freshwater aquifers are characterized by low longitudinal unit conductance (0–2.8 S), high values of transverse unit resistance (more than 9,000 Ωm2), and longitudinal resistivity (more than 35 Ωm) and are mainly concentrated in the north, south, and south-west regions of the study area. It should also be noted that the coefficient of anisotropy (λ) overlaps and does not clearly differentiate the characteristics of the aquifers of fresh, brackish, and saline water. An interpretation of VESs can also determine the storage capacity of groundwater by determining yield index values. Groundwater supply for the entire study area was classified as low yield, with a percentage of 13% and a maximum of 31% of the study area and 56% of moderate yield. Lastly, the real data from the drilling confirm all these results presented previously. The findings suggest that D-Z parameters are useful for making a distinction of various aquifer zones.

scholarly journals Twenty years of groundwater evolution in the Triassic sandstone aquifer of Lorraine: Impacts on baseline water quality

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (7) ◽  
pp. 1198-1213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hélène Celle-Jeanton ◽  
Frédéric Huneau ◽  
Yves Travi ◽  
W.M. Edmunds
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Sandstone Aquifer ◽  
Groundwater Evolution ◽  
Triassic Sandstone

scholarly journals Food Security in the United Arab Emirates (UAE): The Great Competition between the Agricultural and Forestry Sector on Irrigation Resources

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzan Marwan Shahin ◽  
Mohammed Abdul Muhsen Salem
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Life Time ◽  
Water Withdrawal ◽  
Forestry Sector ◽  
Groundwater Supply ◽  
Annual Water

The United Arab Emirates (UAE) is a country that has scarcity in fresh water resources. Groundwater, which contributes to 70% of the total water resources in the country, is a non-renewable water resource. This resource plays significant role in converting the desert to a green paradise. It covers around 95% and 82% of the watering requirements of the agricultural and forestry sector, respectively. Besides the critical problems that this resource suffers from; including depletion, saline water intrusion and contamination. It has also a limited life time expectancy, estimated to be between 16 to 36 years. The total annual water withdrawal by the green sector in the country is estimated to be above 2198 million m3, from which above 32% is used to cover the irrigation requirements for the forestry sector and landscaping, while the rest amount is used for crop production purposes. The great competition between the two sectors, lead to make the sustainability approach in maintaining both sectors extremely difficult, especially with the absence of groundwater supply and the sharp population growth. Therefore, serious and quick actions have to take place; in order to save the future of food security in the UAE.

scholarly journals Using geochemical investigations for determining the interaction between groundwater and saline water in arid areas: case of the Wadi Ouazzi basin (Morocco)

2015 ◽  
Vol 366 ◽  
pp. 162-163
Author(s):  
R. El Moukhayar ◽  
M. Bahir ◽  
N. Youbi ◽  
N. Chkir ◽  
H. Chamchati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sedimentary Basin ◽  
Major Ions ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Fluid Exchange ◽  
The North ◽  
Essaouira Basin ◽  
Groundwater Samples ◽  
Groundwater Supply ◽  
Electrical Conductivities ◽  
Basin Water

Abstract. The characteristics of the Essaouira basin water resources are a semi-arid climate, which is severely impacted by the climate (quantity and quality). Considering the importance of the Essaouira aquifer in the groundwater supply of the region, a study was conducted in order to understand groundwater evolution in this aquifer. The Essaouira aquifer is a coastal aquifer located on the Atlantic coastline of southern Morocco, corresponding to a sedimentary basin with an area of nearly 200 km2. The control of the fluid exchange and the influence of mixing zones between the groundwater and saline water was investigated by sampling from 20 wells, drillings and sources belonging to the Plio-Quaternary and Turonian aquifers. It is hypothesized that groundwater major ions chemistry can be employed to determine the interaction between the groundwater and saline water (coastal aquifers). Groundwater samples examined for electric conductivity and temperature showed that waters belonging to the Plio-Quaternary and Turonian aquifers present very variable electric conductivities, from 900 μs/cm to 3880 μs/cm. Despite this variability, they are from the same family and are characterized by sodium-chloride facies. However, a good correlation exists between the electrical conductivity and chloride and sodium contents. The lower electrical conductivities are situated in the North quarter immediately to the south of the Wadi Ouazzi.

scholarly journals HYDROGEOPHYSICAL DELINEATION OF PROLIFIC GROUNDWATER AQUIFER AROUND STUDENTS’ HOSTELS IN FUPRE CAMPUS, NIGERIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 68-72
Author(s):  
Alaminiokuma G.I. ◽  
Omigie J.I.
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Resistivity ◽  
Shallow Aquifer ◽  
Coarse Grained ◽  
Sand Column ◽  
Deep Aquifer ◽  
Current Electrode ◽  
Electrical Resistivity Survey ◽  
Groundwater Aquifer ◽  
Groundwater Supply ◽  
Coarse Grained Sand

Electrical resistivity survey was conducted around Students’ Hostels in FUPRE to delineate prolific aquifer for potable water to serve the teeming population of staff and students. Five vertical electrical soundings (VES) using Schlumberger electrode configuration with a maximum current electrode spread of 300m were employed for data acquisition. WINRESIST software was employed to execute the iteration and inversion processes of computing resistivities, depths and thicknesses of the various layers and the curve types. Results indicate that the area is characterized by 4 distinct geoelectric layers inferred differently at the VES locations. Two potential groundwater aquifer zones are delineated. The unconfined shallow aquifer zones found at VES 1, 3, 4 and 5 locations have shallow overburden depth ranging between 3.7-19.3m and coarse-grained sand columns with thicknesses ranging between 2.8-17.7m while the confined deep aquifer zone found at VES 2 location coincides with deep overburden layer at a depth of 42.6m and coarse-grained sand column with appreciable thickness of 19.1m. These results suggest that boreholes for sustainable groundwater supply around the Students’ Hostels should be sited at VES 2 location and screened at a depth ≥40.0m. However, aquifers at VES 1, 3, 4 and 5 have potentials for groundwater but are vulnerable to contamination. It is recommenced that electrical resistivity and hydrogeological surveys should be conducted at different locations in FUPRE, before any borehole(s) are drilled, to delineate the appropriate aquifer for potable groundwater supply and to avoid possible contamination.

scholarly journals Using Geoelectric Soundings for Estimation of Hydraulic Characteristics of Aquifers in the Coastal Area of Lagos, Southwestern Nigeria

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 30-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.O. Fatoba ◽  
S.D. Omolayo ◽  
E.O. Adigun
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Pumping Test ◽  
Shallow Aquifer ◽  
High Porosity ◽  
Hydraulic Characteristics ◽  
Southwestern Nigeria ◽  
Geoelectric Section ◽  
Current Electrode ◽  
Transverse Resistance

Electrical resistivity investigation was carried out at Ibeju Lekki, Southwestern Nigeria. The thrust of this study is to determine the geoelectrical parameters of the shallow aquifer and estimate the hydraulic characteristics of this aquifer unit from the surface geophysics. The area falls within the Dahomey basin of the Nigeria sedimentary terrain. Twenty-one VES were conducted using Shlumberger array with a maximum half current electrode (AB/2) of 100 m giving total spread of 200 m. Data were interpreted using partial curve matching technique and assisted 1-D forward modeling with WINRESIST software. The qualitative interpretation revealed KQ curves (ρ1 < ρ2 > ρ3 > ρ4) and KH curve (ρ1 < ρ2 > ρ3 < ρ4). The geoelectric section generated from the results of the VES revealed a four geo-electric layers; these include topsoil with resistivity ranging from 213-5404 Ωm, dry sand with resistivity values vary from 301to 17178 Ωm, saturated sand with resistivity varying from 110 to1724 Ωm and sand (saline water content) with resistivity values of between 8 and 97 Ωm. The major aquifer in the area occurs at the third geoelectric layer. The depth to this aquifer is of between 0.7m and 6.0m and the layer thickness is between 0.2 m and 19.9 m. The hydraulic characteristics of the aquifer estimated from the geoelectric parameters reveal that the aquifer has porosity values of between 29.4 % and 57.7 %, protective capacities of between 0.00013 and 0.015 mhos, transverse resistance ranges from 345-18502 Ωm2, transmissivity values vary from 13 to 310 m2/day and hydraulic conductivity ranges from 0.8-65 m/day. The results show that the aquifer is characterized by high porosity and low protective capacities of overburden layers indicating that it is highly vulnerable to surface contamination. It has high transverse resistance, high transmissivity, and high hydraulic conductivity indicating that the aquifer can transmit water at higher rate and sustain the need of the community. This study has demonstrated the efficacy of surface geophysics in estimating hydraulic characteristics of an aquifer where pumping test data are not available and also to determine its vulnerability to surface contaminants.

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