scholarly journals Variation of Al species during water treatment: correlation with treatment efficiency under varied hydraulic conditions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenghua Wang ◽  
Wei Huang ◽  
Chuang Wang ◽  
Xiaoshang Li ◽  
Zhaohui He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
Treatment Efficiency ◽  
Strong Negative Correlation ◽  
Hydraulic Conditions ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Removal Efficiencies ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
Ion Species ◽  
Colloidal Species

Abstract The concentration of hydrolyzed coagulant ion species is a key factor in determining drinking water treatment efficiency. Direct correlation of water treatment efficiency with changes in species during coagulation has not been addressed. We investigated the correlation under different hydraulic conditions and water treatment efficiencies including changes in removal of turbidity, ultraviolet adsorption at 254 nm (UV254) and dissolved organic carbon (DOC). Results highlighted that Al species (monomeric species as Ala, medium polymeric species as Alb and colloidal species as Alc) behaved differently during coagulation and treatment efficiencies were affected. When varying the mixing speed, the removal of Alc species had a strong negative correlation with water treatment efficiency but under other hydraulic conditions positive correlations were found. The removal of Ala species was positively correlated with water treatment efficiency, but under other hydraulic conditions the low abundance of Ala species meant the correlation was difficult to observe. The Alb species were significantly and positively correlated with water treatment efficiency with the highest correlation coefficient (R2) of 0.87. The correlation of metallic species with removal efficiencies of the DOC and the UV254 produced higher R2 values. Correlation of the rate of removal of Alb species with the removal efficiencies of the DOC or the UV254 was better than for Alc.

Drinking water treatment - understanding the processes and meeting the challenges

2001 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Don Bursill
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Natural Organic Matter ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
Predictive Capacity ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Work Done ◽  
Water Catchments

On and follow Natural organic matter (NOM) derived from soil and vegetation in water catchments is the key factor influencing most, if not all water treatment processes. The structure of the NOM and its involvement in water treatment processes requires better understanding. It seems likely that a better understanding of NOM reactions could lead to far better predictive capacity for water treatment designers and operators. Certainly the removal of NOM as a first step to the production of drinking water has many attractions. This paper provides an overview of work done by the author and many of his colleagues to advance this issue.

Behaviour of bisphenol A (BPA), 4-nonylphenol (4-NP) and 4-nonylphenol ethoxylates (4-NP1EO, 4-NP2EO) in oxidative water treatment processes

2004 ◽  
Vol 50 (5) ◽  
pp. 141-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Lenz ◽  
V. Beck ◽  
M. Fuerhacker
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Bisphenol A ◽  
Estrogenic Activity ◽  
Detection Limits ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Estrogenic Potential ◽  
Removal Efficiencies ◽  
Study Laboratory

Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) such as natural and synthetic hormones or industrial chemicals can adversely affect the endocrine system at very low concentrations. As such substances can be present in raw water used for drinking-water production, they potentially pose a health risk to humans. In this study laboratory tests were performed to determine removal efficiencies of selected oxidative drinking water treatment processes, namely ozonation (1.4 mg/l O3) and chlorination, using sodium hypochlorite (0.5 mg/l NaClO) and chlorine dioxide (0.4-0.6 mg/l ClO2) under conditions applied in technical plants. 500-300,000 ng/l of bisphenol A (BPA), 4-nonylphenol (4-NP) and 4-nonylphenol-n-ethoxylates (NPnEO) were selected for investigations and measured by HPLC/FLD and HPLC/MS. To investigate possible oxidation by-products, adsorbable organic halogens (AOX) were determined and estrogenic activities were assessed with the help of an estrogen receptor binding assay (YES). Ozonation and chlorination with ClO2 removed both 4-NP and BPA below detection limits, corresponding with AOX and estrogenic activity. Concerning NPnEO ozonation removed NP1EO and NP2EO up to 28% and 30%, respectively, whereas ClO2 showed high removal efficiencies, eliminating >94% and 92%, respectively. NaClO removed 4-NP and BPA below detection limits, but estrogenic activities increased and AOX could be measured. NP1EO and NP2EO were only marginally reduced corresponding to the slight decrease of estrogenic potential.

scholarly journals Performance intensification of the coagulation process in drinking water treatment

Water SA ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 47 (2 April) ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry Heroe Mungondori ◽  
Tariro Annah Muchingami ◽  
Raymond Tichawona Taziwa ◽  
Nhamo Chaukura
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
Water Treatment Plant ◽  
Aluminium Chloride ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Removal Efficiencies

Surface water pollution has increased, owing to industrial development and population growth. Consequently, it is important to find alternative drinking water treatment strategies, which cater for changes in the quality of raw water. This study compared the efficiency of different coagulants in treating raw water that feeds a drinking water treatment plant (WTP). Using jar testing equipment and a number of physicochemical parameters, an investigation was conducted to establish optimum conditions for aluminium chloride (A), ferric chloride (B), and chitosan (C), and their performance compared with aluminium sulphate (D), which is the coagulant used at the WTP. The turbidity removal efficiencies for the single coagulants were in the order: B (95.7%) > A (94.7%) > C (94.4%), at optimum coagulant doses of 60, 50, and 0.6 mg/L, respectively. The coagulants achieved high removal efficiencies for turbidity, total dissolved solids (TDS), ultraviolet absorbance at 254 nm (UV254) and conductivity under acidic conditions. For dual coagulants, there was a gradual increase in the removal efficiencies of the tested parameters with increasing pH. Combined coagulants were more effective compared to single coagulants, with highest removal efficiencies being exhibited by the A/C combination. Overall, the coagulants proved to be suitable alternatives to D, since they had comparable performances.   

ASSESSMENT OF ELECTROCOAGULATION PROCESS FOR DRINKING WATER TREATMENT

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 1347-1354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florica Manea ◽  
Anamaria Baciu ◽  
Aniela Pop ◽  
Katalin Bodor ◽  
Ilie Vlaicu
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
Electrocoagulation Process
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document