scholarly journals Soil water content and olive tree yield responses to soil management, irrigation, and precipitation in a hilly Mediterranean area

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 672-678 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Arampatzis ◽  
E. Hatzigiannakis ◽  
V. Pisinaras ◽  
N. Kourgialas ◽  
G. Psarras ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Soil Water Content ◽  
Soil Management ◽  
Olive Tree ◽  
Mediterranean Area ◽  
Mediterranean Countries ◽  
Olive Groves ◽  
Intensively Managed ◽  
Olive Trees

Abstract Olive trees constitute one of the most dynamic cultivations for Mediterranean countries, while their economic importance is high. As water constitutes a fundamental factor affecting olive tree production, soil water content is a most critical parameter that must be monitored to improve olive trees’ cultivation management. Effects of precipitation, irrigation, and soil management on water content in four soil depths (10, 20, 30, 40 cm), four periods of the year (February–March, April–May, June–July, August–September) and three successive years were determined in 12 Mediterranean olive groves (Trifilia, southern Greece) as well as their respective fruit and olive oil yields. Significantly higher soil water content was recorded in the first (+16.8%) and third (+27.4%) year compared to the second year. Higher (+6.8%) water content was observed in irrigated olive groves compared to rainfed fields. Higher (+5.6%) water content was observed in sustainable olive groves compared to intensively managed fields. Significantly, higher soil moisture was recorded at 40 and 30 cm depth compared to 10 cm depth while intermediate values were observed at 20 cm. Marked increase in fruit yield was achieved through sustainable management (+39%) compared to intensive olive groves. The potential to improve irrigation practices in the area was also indicated by results of the present study.

Root length density and soil water distribution in drip-irrigated olive orchards in Argentina under arid conditions

2009 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter S. Searles ◽  
Diego A. Saravia ◽  
M. Cecilia Rousseaux
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Root System ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Soil Water Content ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Root Length Density ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Drip Line ◽  
North West ◽  
Intensively Managed

Several studies have evaluated many above-ground aspects of olive production, but essential root system characteristics have been little examined. The objective of our study was to evaluate root length density (RLD) and root distribution relative to soil water content in three commercial orchards (north-west Argentina). Depending on the orchard, the different drip emitter arrangements included either: (1) emitters spaced continuously at 1-m intervals along the drip line (CE-4; 4 emitters per tree); (2) 4 emitters per tree spaced at 1-m intervals, but with a space of 2 m between emitters of neighbouring trees (E-4); or (3) 2 emitters per tree with 4 m between emitters of neighbouring trees (E-2). All of the orchards included either var. Manzanilla fina or Manzanilla reina trees (5–8 years old) growing in sandy soils, although the specific characteristics of each orchard differed. Root length density values (2.5–3.5 cm/cm3) in the upper soil depth (0–0.5 m) were fairly uniform along the drip line in the continuous emitter (CE-4) orchard. In contrast, roots were more concentrated in the E-4 and E-2 orchards, in some cases with maximum RLD values of up to 7 cm/cm3. Approximately 70% of the root system was located in the upper 0.5 m of soil depth, and most of the roots were within 0.5 m of the drip line. For each of the three orchards, significant linear relationships between soil water content and RLD were detected based on 42 sampling positions that included various distances from the trunk and soil depths. Values of RLD averaged over the entire rooting zone and total tree root length per leaf area for the three orchards were estimated to range from 0.19 to 0.48 cm/cm3 and from 1.8 to 3.5 km/m2, respectively. These results should reduce the uncertainty associated with the magnitude of RLD values under drip irrigation as intensively managed olive orchards continue to expand in established and new growing regions.

THE INFLUENCE OF SOIL WATER CONTENT ON ROOT DENSITY IN YOUNG OLIVE TREES

2000 ◽  
pp. 329-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.M. Palese ◽  
V. Nuzzo ◽  
B. Dichio ◽  
G. Celano ◽  
M. Romano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Soil Water Content ◽  
Root Density ◽  
Olive Trees

Potential to predict depth-specific soil-water content beneath an olive tree using electromagnetic conductivity imaging

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 236-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Martinez ◽  
J. Huang ◽  
K. Vanderlinden ◽  
J. V. Giráldez ◽  
J. Triantafilis
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Soil Water Content ◽  
Olive Tree ◽  
Conductivity Imaging

Soil carbon dioxide efflux determined from large undisturbed soil cores collected in different soil management systems

Biologia ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eszter Tóth ◽  
Sándor Koós ◽  
Csilla Farkas
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Soil Water Content ◽  
Soil Management ◽  
Measuring Method ◽  
Soil Co2 Efflux ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Co2 Efflux ◽  
Soil Co2 ◽  
Undisturbed Soil

AbstractThe aim of this study was to evaluate a measuring technique for determining soil CO2 efflux from large soil samples having undisturbed structure under controlled laboratory conditions. Further objectives were to use the developed measuring method for comparing soil CO2 efflux from samples, collected in three different soil management systems at various soil water content values. The experimental technique was tested and optimised for timing of sampling by taking air samples after 1, 3 and 6 hours of incubation. Based on the results, the incubation time was set to three hours. The CO2 efflux measured for different soil management systems was the highest in the no-till and the lowest in the ploughing treatment, which was in accordance with measurements on accessible organic carbon for microbes. An increase in CO2 efflux with increasing soil water content was found in the studied soil water content range. Our results indicate that soil respiration rates, measured directly after tillage operations, can highly differ from those measured long after.

Seasonal variation and implications of soil water content in the cultivation of olive trees

2018 ◽  
pp. 339-344
Author(s):  
G. Arampatzis ◽  
E. Hatzigiannakis ◽  
N. Kourgialas ◽  
G. Psarras ◽  
V. Kinigopoulou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Soil Water Content ◽  
Olive Trees

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF THE SOIL WATER CONTENT AND DISTRIBUTION ON BOTH THE HYDRAULIC AND TRANSPIRATION PERFORMANCE OF 'MANZANILLA' OLIVE TREES

2011 ◽  
pp. 323-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.E. Fernández ◽  
J.M. Torres-Ruiz ◽  
J.L. Muriel ◽  
R. Romero ◽  
M.J. Martín-Palomo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Soil Water Content ◽  
Olive Trees

SOIL WATER CONTENT AFFECTS THE AVAILABILITY OF PHOSPHATE

1985 ◽  
pp. 185-189
Author(s):  
M.C.H.Mouat Pieter Nes
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Soil Water Content ◽  
Soil Solution ◽  
Equivalent Reduction

Reduction in water content of a soil increased the concentration of ammonium and nitrate in solution, but had no effect on the concentration of phosphate. The corresponding reduction in the quantity of phosphate in solution caused an equivalent reduction in the response of ryegrass to applied phosphate. Keywords: soil solution, soil water content, phosphate, ryegrass, nutrition.

Effect of inter-row cultivation on soil carbon dioxide emission in a peach plantation

2010 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 157-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Tóth ◽  
Cs. Farkas
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Soil Water Content ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emission ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Soil Disturbance ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Soil Tillage ◽  
Favourable Effect ◽  
Volumetric Soil Water Content

Soil biological properties and CO2emission were compared in undisturbed grass and regularly disked rows of a peach plantation. Higher nutrient content and biological activity were found in the undisturbed, grass-covered rows. Significantly higher CO2fluxes were measured in this treatment at almost all the measurement times, in all the soil water content ranges, except the one in which the volumetric soil water content was higher than 45%. The obtained results indicated that in addition to the favourable effect of soil tillage on soil aeration, regular soil disturbance reduces soil microbial activity and soil CO2emission.

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