Parameters for Measuring the Activity and Viability of Activated Sludge

1974 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 235-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.G. Nutt ◽  
K.L. Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Biological System ◽  
Analytical Methods ◽  
Heterogeneous System ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Atp Content ◽  
Culture Studies ◽  
Activated Sludge System

Abstract Conventional wastewater parameters are accepted as inadequate estimates of the condition of activated sludge but numerous other indices have been suggested as specific measurements of the activity and viability of the biomass. Literature in the related fields of microbiology and biochemistry were reviewed in order to select the most appropriate activity parameters for application to a heterogeneous biological material. Modified analytical methods were applied to a well-controlled biological system containing a single predominant bacterial species to evaluate the relative merit of each as an indicator of viability and activity. The potential of each parameter in a complex heterogeneous system was determined by monitoring each index in a bench activated sludge system. The predominant culture studies indicated that the ATP content of the biomass and the dehydrogenase activity were potential indicators of cell viability in a simple system. However, in the complex activated sludge system, only the ATP content showed significant correlation to the organic carbon removal rate.

Start-Up of A2/O Humic Activated Sludge Systemphosphorus Removal Efficiency Analysis

2010 ◽  
Vol 113-116 ◽  
pp. 2201-2207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Yin ◽  
Lei Wu ◽  
Ke Zhao ◽  
Yu Juan Yu
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Phosphorus Uptake ◽  
Phosphorus Release ◽  
Activated Sludge System ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Article Analysis ◽  
Sludge Activity

In this article, analysis the start-up of A2/O humic activated sludge system phosphorus removal efficiency and the characteristics of anaerobic phosphorus release, aerobic phosphorus uptake, sludge activity and their change in the Series Technologies process. The results show that A2/O humic activated sludge system phosphorus removal rate stabilized at 90.7% ~ 97.6%. Sludge activity except for anoxic zone 2 increased, along the process showed a gradual decrease trend.

Study on the Performance Efficiency of A2/O Humic Activated Sludge System Operating in Low Temperature

2011 ◽  
Vol 281 ◽  
pp. 187-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Yin ◽  
Lei Wu ◽  
Yu Juan Yu ◽  
Ju Kui Zhang ◽  
Ke Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Sewage Discharge ◽  
High Phosphorus ◽  
Activated Sludge System ◽  
Article Analysis ◽  
System Operating

In this article, analysis the A2/O humic activated sludge system phosphorus removal efficiency and CODCr removal efficiency at 5°C, 10°C and 25°C. The results show that A2/O humic activated sludge system phosphorus removal rate when the influent temperature is above 10°C maintained at 86.1% ~ 97.5% performed high phosphorus removal efficiency. But at 5°C the system’s phosphorus removal efficiency decreased to 58.31% couldn’t get the sewage discharge standard. The variation of influent temperature had little influence on the removal efficiency of CODCr even at 5°C performed high removal efficiency.

Small sewage treatment system with an anaerobic - anoxic - aerobic combined biofilter

2004 ◽  
Vol 48 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 213-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.-M. Park ◽  
H.-B. Jun ◽  
S.-P. Hong ◽  
J.-C. Kwon
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Retention Time ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Treatment System ◽  
Anaerobic Reactor ◽  
Activated Sludge System ◽  
Recycle Ratio ◽  
Removal Efficiencies ◽  
Sewage Treatment System

The objective of this study was to investigate a small sewage treatment system that could improve nitrogen and BOD5 removal efficiency as well as generate less solid using an anaerobic-anoxic-aerobic biofiltration system. Wastewater temperature was in the range of 14–25°C, and hydraulic residual times were 12 h for each reactor. The upflow anaerobic digester equipped with anoxic filter was fed with both raw sewage and recycled effluent from the aerobic filter to induce denitrification and solid reduction simultaneously. In the subsequent aerobic filter, residual organic carbon and ammonia might be oxidized and finally nitrate formed. In the anaerobic reactor, about 71% of influent TCOD was removed by sedimentation of the un-filterable COD at the recycle ratio of 300%. Another 20% of influent TCOD was removed in the anoxic filter by denitrification of the recycled nitrate. After 100 days operation, solid reduction and nitrification efficiency were about 30% and 95%, respectively. Overall removal efficiencies of COD and total nitrogen (T-N) were above 94% and 70% at the recycle ratio of 300%, respectively. Total wasted solid from the system after 100 days operation was about 316 g, which was only 44% of the solid generated from a controlled activated sludge system operated at sludge retention time of 8 days.

scholarly journals Identifying the Effect of Non-Ideal Mixing on a Pre-Denitrification Activated Sludge System Performance through Model-Based Simulations

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-32
Author(s):  
Malek Hajaya
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
System Performance ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Dead Volume ◽  
Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen ◽  
Mixing Conditions ◽  
Activated Sludge System ◽  
Ideal Mixing ◽  
Kjeldahl Nitrogen

Effectiveness of a pre-denitrification activated sludge treatment system is governed by the kinetics of the biological reactions, and the hydrodynamic mixing behavior in the reactors. Achieving good mixing conditions within a reactor not only enhances the transfer of reactants but also ensures homogeneous environmental conditions throughout the vessel when required, allowing for an effective usage of the reactor’s total volume, leading to optimized, low-cost operation. In this work, a pre-denitrification activated sludge system performance with regards to the biological treatment of organic carbon and nitrogen was investigated, under two scenarios for non-ideal mixing in the anoxic reactor. The system performance is simulated based upon the Activated Sludge Model 1 model’s biological reactions, and combining two non-ideal mixing two-parameter models: CSTR with bypass and dead volume, and two CSTRs with exchange. Performance discrepancies were then identified in the presence of non-ideal mixing. The system’s performance was found to be more susceptible to the presence of a dead volume/bypass scenario compared to the two CSTRs with material exchange scenario. Under non-ideal mixing conditions, effluent concentrations of Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen, organic carbon increased marginally, while effluent concentration of nitrate increased significantly. Similarly, the waste stream concentrations of Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen and organic carbon increased significantly as a result of an increase in the concentration of the heterotrophic biomass. The outcome of this study provides an insight when troubleshooting the operation of pre-denitrification activated sludge systems for non-ideal mixing conditions.

Study on Aerobic Nitrogen Removal in Double Membrane Bio-Reactor

2015 ◽  
Vol 1092-1093 ◽  
pp. 923-926
Author(s):  
Shan Hong Lan ◽  
Chuan Lu Wang ◽  
Hui Jie Li ◽  
Heng Zhang ◽  
Hui Xia Lan
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Nitrate Concentration ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrite Concentration ◽  
Double Membrane ◽  
Whole Process ◽  
Activated Sludge System ◽  
Simulated Wastewater

The double membrane bio-reactor was used to treat the simulated wastewater under aerobic conditions, and the aerobic activated sludge system was set as the control. At the beginning of acclimation, COD removal efficiency in double membrane bio-reactor was higher than that of aerobic activated sludge system, but difference between two systems was little in later stage. The ammonia nitrogen removal rate in double membrane bio-reactor was significantly higher than aerobic activated sludge throughout the whole acclimation stage and nitrite concentration in the effluent from double membrane bio-reactor was lower than that of from aerobic activated sludge, while the nitrate concentration was higher. The nitrite was not accumulated in double membrane bio-reactor through the whole process of acclimation, while the accumulation of nitrate happened in aerobic activated sludge system.

Oxidation Ditch

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gede H Cahyana
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Special Form ◽  
Oxidation Ditch ◽  
End Point ◽  
Activated Sludge System

As a part of activated sludge system, oxidation ditch has a special form like a canal without end point. Rotor is used to diffuse oxygen from air to the water.

TREATABILITY OF 2,4-D PRODUCTION WASTEWATERS

1994 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 73-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Tünay ◽  
S. Erden ◽  
D. Orhon ◽  
I. Kabdasli
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Partial Oxidation ◽  
Chloride Concentration ◽  
Chemical Oxidation ◽  
Cod Removal ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Organic Loading ◽  
Activated Sludge System ◽  
Biological Treatability

This study evaluates the characterization and treatability of 2,4-D production wastewaters. Wastewaters contain 20000-40000 mg/l COD, 17000-30000 mg/l chloride and pH is around 1.0. Chemical oxidation with hydrogen peroxide provided almost complete COD removal. The optimum conditions are 3:1 H2O2/COD oxidant dosage, 3000 mg/l Fe3+ as catalyst and pH 3. Partial oxidation at 0.5:1 H2O2//COD ratio is also effective providing 67% COD removal. A batch activated sludge system is used for biological treatability. Dilution is needed to maintain a tolerable chloride concentration which increases through COD removal. pH also increased during COD removal. 85% COD removal is obtained for the 50% dilution at an organic loading of 0.3 day‒1 on a COD basis. Completely and partially oxidized wastewaters are also treated in the activated sludge down to 30 mg/l BOD5.

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