scholarly journals On the factors influencing public knowledge and acceptance of reclaimed water from a survey of three cities in northern China

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhongfan Zhu ◽  
Hongrui Wang ◽  
Aihua Li
Keyword(s):  
Water Reuse ◽  
Public Attitudes ◽  
Reclaimed Water ◽  
Northern China ◽  
Educational Background ◽  
Public Knowledge ◽  
Water Shortages ◽  
Educational Backgrounds ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Knowledge And Acceptance

Abstract In this study, we analysed the survey results regarding the level of public knowledge about, and general attitudes towards, reclaimed water in Jinan, Weifang, and Yantai, three cities in northern China that experience serious water shortages. The objective is to identify the factors influencing public knowledge and acceptance of reclaimed water and determine the hurdles of water reuse applications. The results showed that: (1) educational background was moderately correlated, and age and monthly income were weakly correlated, with the respondents' knowledge about water resources and use; (2) gender, occupation, and economic income were not related to public attitudes toward reclaimed water, and older people and those with higher educational backgrounds were more willing to accept the use of reclaimed water than were other respondents. This study could provide a valuable reference in other regions of China and developing countries facing similar issues of reclaimed water. The knowledge of this study will help to overcome public acceptance hurdles in other projects.

scholarly journals Water reuse for irrigated agriculture in Jordan: challenges of soil sustainability and the role of management strategies

2010 ◽  
Vol 368 (1931) ◽  
pp. 5315-5321 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Carr ◽  
S. Nortcliff ◽  
R. B. Potter
Keyword(s):  
Water Reuse ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Reclaimed Water ◽  
Irrigated Agriculture ◽  
Soil Productivity ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Jordan Valley ◽  
Water Shortages ◽  
Soil Response ◽  
Soil Sustainability

Reclaimed water provides an important contribution to the water balance in water-scarce Jordan, but the quality of this water presents both benefits and challenges. Careful management of reclaimed water is required to maximize the nutrient benefits while minimizing the salinity risks. This work uses a multi-disciplinary research approach to show that soil response to irrigation with reclaimed water is a function of the management strategies adopted on the farm by the water user. The adoption of management methods to maintain soil productivity can be seen to be a result of farmers’ awareness to potentially plant-toxic ions in the irrigation water (70% of Jordan Valley farmers identified salinization as a hazard from irrigation with reclaimed water). However, the work also suggests that farmers’ management capacity is affected by the institutional management of water. About a third (35%) of farmers in the Jordan Valley claimed that their ability to manage salinization was limited by water shortages. Organizational interviews revealed that institutional awareness of soil management challenges was quite high (34% of interviewees described salinization as a risk from water reuse), but strategies to address this challenge at the institutional level require greater development.

scholarly journals Water reuse through managed aquifer recharge (MAR): assessment of regulations/guidelines and case studies

2016 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 357-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Yuan ◽  
Michele I. Van Dyke ◽  
Peter M. Huck
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Water Reuse ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Reclaimed Water ◽  
Managed Aquifer Recharge ◽  
Quantitative Risk Assessment ◽  
Aquifer Recharge ◽  
Water Shortages ◽  
Sustainable Water Resources Management ◽  
Selection Of

Managed aquifer recharge (MAR) with reclaimed water is an important water reuse application. As an intentional way of recharging water into aquifers, MAR can be used to address water shortages and contribute to sustainable water resources management practices. The establishment of a MAR system depends on the source of recharge water, the selection of a recharge method and site, the type of water treatment system, and the ultimate purpose of recovered water, and these components are closely related and integrated. However, at present, detailed regulations or guidelines that specifically guide MAR with reclaimed water are unavailable in most countries. The complexity of MAR systems and the lack of a sophisticated regulatory framework increase the difficulties of MAR implementation. This review provides an introduction to MAR with reclaimed water and a comparison of current worldwide water reuse regulations or guidelines, including a proposed approach for MAR implementation. An analysis of selected MAR with reclaimed water case studies was also done within the context of this proposed approach. This paper recommends the development of specific regulatory or design criteria, including a complete quantitative risk assessment framework for the evaluation and operation of MAR systems.

Economic considerations and decision support tool for wastewater reuse scheme planning

2007 ◽  
Vol 56 (5) ◽  
pp. 175-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Hochstrat ◽  
D. Joksimovic ◽  
T. Wintgens ◽  
T. Melin ◽  
D. Savic
Keyword(s):  
Water Reuse ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Wastewater Reuse ◽  
Reclaimed Water ◽  
Decision Support Tool ◽  
Critical Issue ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Support Tool ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Economic Considerations

The reuse of upgraded wastewater for beneficial uses is increasingly adopted and accepted as a tool in water management. However, funding of schemes is still a critical issue. The focus of this paper is on economic considerations of water reuse planning. A survey of pricing mechanisms for reclaimed water revealed that most schemes are subsidised to a great extent. In order to minimise these state contributions to the implementation and operation of reuse projects, their planning should identify a least cost design option. This also has to take into account the established pricing structure for conventional water resources and the possibility of gaining revenues from reclaimed water pricing. The paper presents a case study which takes into account these aspects. It evaluates different scheme designs with regard to their Net Present Value (NPV). It could be demonstrated that for the same charging level, quite different amounts of reclaimed water can be delivered while still producing an overall positive NPV. Moreover, the economic feasibility and competitiveness of a reuse scheme is highly determined by the cost structure of the conventional water market.

Pengaruh Diversitas Dewan Komisaris dan Dewan Direksi Terhadap Kinerja Perusahaan (Studi Empiris: Perusahaan Manufaktur Di BEI Periode 2014-2018)

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-79
Author(s):  
LILIS GUSTIANA ◽  
Yeasy Darmayanti ◽  
Meihendri Meihendri
Keyword(s):  
Hypothesis Testing ◽  
Board Of Directors ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Educational Background ◽  
Company Performance ◽  
Manufacturing Companies ◽  
Educational Backgrounds ◽  
Age Diversity ◽  
The Board Of Directors

This study aims to determine the effect of board of commissioners and board of directors diversity on company performance in manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Excharge for the  2014-2018 period.  By using purposive sampling method, obtained 45 samples of manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. Based on the results of hypothesis testing, it was found that the age diversity of the board of commissioners had no significant effect on company performance; the diversity of board of  commissioners educational  background had no significant effect on company performance, the diversity of board of commissioners tenure had a significant effect on company performance. While the diversity of board of directors age had a significant effect on company performance, diversity the of educational backgrounds of the board of directors does not have a significant effect on company performance, and the diversity of tenure of the board of directors does not have a significant effect on company performance.  Keywords : Company Performance, Age, Education, Tenure, Board Of Commissioners Board Of Directors.

Application of coagulation and full-membrane process in municipal reclaimed water in northern China: an optimized process

2021 ◽  
Vol 217 ◽  
pp. 159-173
Author(s):  
Zhao Li ◽  
Changhai Li ◽  
Yingqi Meng ◽  
Jinghui Gao ◽  
Hui Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reclaimed Water ◽  
Northern China ◽  
Membrane Process

Water reclamation and reuse criteria in the U.S.

1996 ◽  
Vol 33 (10-11) ◽  
pp. 451-462 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Crook ◽  
Rao Y. Surampalli
Keyword(s):  
Surface Waters ◽  
Water Reuse ◽  
Reclaimed Water ◽  
Water Reclamation ◽  
Water Supplies ◽  
The Us ◽  
Attractive Option ◽  
Us Epa ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The U.S

Increasing demands on water resources for domestic, commercial, industrial, and agricultural purposes have made water reclamation and reuse an attractive option for conserving and extending available water supplies. Also, many water reuse projects are implemented to eliminate a source of contamination in surface waters or as a least-cost alternative to meeting stringent discharge requirements. Reclaimed water applications range from pasture irrigation to augmentation of potable water supplies. Water reclamation and reuse criteria are principally directed at health protection. There are no federal regulations governing water reuse in the U.S.; hence, the regulatory burden rests with the individual states. This has resulted in differing standards among states that have developed criteria. This paper summarizes and compares the criteria from some states that have developed comprehensive regulations. Guidelines published by the US. EPA and the rationale behind them are presented for numerous types of reclaimed water applications.

scholarly journals English Vowels and Consonants Mispronunciation of the Seventh President of Republic of Indonesia in His Official English Speeches and Its Influencing Factors

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 113
Author(s):  
Ambalegin Ambalegin ◽  
Tomi Arianto
Keyword(s):  
Mother Tongue ◽  
Educational Background ◽  
Sound System ◽  
British English ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
English Vowels ◽  
Environmental Background ◽  
Observation Method ◽  
Received Pronunciation ◽  
Consonant Sounds

This research aimed to find out the mispronunciation of English vowels and consonants of the seventh president of Republic of Indonesia, Mr. Joko Widodo in his official English speeches based on the standard of British English Received Pronunciation (RP) and the factors influencing his English vowels and consonants mispronunciation. This research is a descriptive qualitative research. In collecting data, the researchers used observation method with non-participatory technique (Sudaryanto, 2015). In analyzing the data, the researchers used articulatory identity method (Sudaryanto, 2015). It was found that the consonant sounds /θ/, /ð/, /v/, /z/, /ʃ/ were pronounced incorrectly, the vowel sounds/ə/, /ɒ/, /ɛ/, /i/, /e/, /ɪ/ were pronounced inconsistently, and the diphthong sounds /ɪə/, /eɪ/, /əʊ/ and /aʊ/ were pronounced incorrectly. The consonant sound /l/ in the middle of the word was not pronounced. The consonant sound /j/ in the middle of the word is omitted. The consonant sounds /g/, /tʃ/, and /r/ were pronounced the same as the spelling. The consonant sounds /t/, /s/, /k/ at the end of the words were omitted. The letter y sounded /ɪ/ at the end of the word was pronounced as /e/. The diphthong sounds /ɪə/, /eɪ/, /əʊ/ and /aʊ/ were pronounced as /ɪ/, /ʌ/, /ɛ/, /ə/, /e/, and /ͻ/. The factors influencing the mispronunciation of English vowel and consonant sounds were mother tongue interference, sound system differences between Indonesian and English, the influence of spelling on pronunciation, educational background, and environmental background.

Chihuahua: a water reuse case in the desert

2004 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 323-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.-S. Espino ◽  
C.-J. Navarro ◽  
J.-M. Pérez
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Water Reuse ◽  
Reclaimed Water ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Secondary Effluent ◽  
Planning Strategy ◽  
Groundwater Aquifers ◽  
The Government ◽  
Industrial Zones ◽  
The City

Water supply for all kind of uses in Chihuahua is mainly groundwater. During the last decade this city has been damaged with a heavy hydrologic crisis because of a persistent drought. This came up with the overexploitation of groundwater aquifers; therefore a deficit between demand and offer was done. To minimize this problem the government authorities have started an integral plan of optimizing hydrologic resources which considers the treatment of wastewater and the use of reclaimed water. The secondary wastewater treatment facility of the city treats about 30,000 m3/d of a wastewater with high organic contents, and produces an effluent with low concentration of suspended solids, organic matter, fats, detergents, and metals. Reclaimed water is conveyed toward strategic sites for the irrigation of great green areas in sport clubs, educational institutions and industrial zones, besides of its utilization on some manufacturing processes, road service, and also over construction industry. The potential reuse of this water goes farther from those activities; the treatment of the secondary effluent until the required levels of the water-bearing recharge criteria are met for drinking water supply is considered as the next step to achieve through a suitable planning strategy for the best integral resource advantage.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document