Removal of bromate, perchlorate and nitrate from drinking water in an ion exchange membrane bioreactor

2005 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 9-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.T. Matos ◽  
S. Velizarov ◽  
J.G. Crespo ◽  
M.A.M. Reis
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Membrane Bioreactor ◽  
Ion Exchange Membrane ◽  
Microbial Culture ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Biological Reduction ◽  
Permselective Membrane ◽  
Donnan Dialysis ◽  
Exchange Membrane

The presence of anionic micropollutants, such as bromate, perchlorate and nitrate, in drinking water supplies represents a risk for public health. This work evaluates the applicability of the ion exchange membrane bioreactor (IEMB) concept for their removal. The IEMB concept combines the transport of anionic pollutants, through a dense mono-anion permselective membrane, with their simultaneous biodegradation to harmless products by a suitable microbial culture in a separated biocompartment. The transport of the pollutant counter-ions (anions) is governed by the Donnan equilibrium principle and, therefore, it is possible to enhance it by using a more concentrated driving counter-ion (e.g. chloride) added to the biocompartment. The IEMB process proved to selectively remove nitrate and perchlorate to concentrations below the recommended levels of 4 ppb for ClO4− and 25 ppm of NO3−, from a model polluted stream containing 100 ppb of ClO4− and 60 ppm of NO3−. Transport studies, made under Donnan dialysis conditions, showed bromate fluxes comparable to those obtained for nitrate under similar experimental conditions. However, the rate of biological reduction of bromate was about one order of magnitude slower than that of nitrate.

Removal of nitrate from water in a novel ion exchange membrane bioreactor

2002 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Velizarov ◽  
J.G. Crespo ◽  
M.A. Reis
Keyword(s):  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Ion Exchange Membrane ◽  
Polluted Water ◽  
Water Conductivity ◽  
Water Stream ◽  
Permselective Membrane ◽  
Donnan Dialysis ◽  
Exchange Membrane

Biological denitrification in a novel ion exchange membrane reactor (IEMB) has been investigated. The polluted water was separated from the mixed denitrifying culture by a non-porous, mono-anion permselective membrane providing continuous exchange of nitrate for chloride added as a counter-ion to the biocompartment. A removal efficiency of 87% and a surface removal rate of about 1,400 mg NO3- m-2h-1 was achieved at a nitrate concentration of 150 mg NO3- L-1. The treated water stream was essentially free of ethanol, used as a carbon source, and NO2- ions whereas the original water conductivity was completely preserved due to very efficient Donnan exclusion of the cations present in the two solutions from the membrane used. The IEMB process showed higher removal efficiency and better nitrate selectivity compared to a Donnan dialysis process operated under similar conditions.

Multivariate analysis of the transport in an Ion Exchange Membrane Bioreactor for removal of anionic micropollutants from drinking water

2011 ◽  
Vol 63 (10) ◽  
pp. 2207-2212
Author(s):  
A. R. Ricardo ◽  
S. Velizarov ◽  
J. G. Crespo ◽  
M. A. M. Reis
Keyword(s):  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Membrane Bioreactor ◽  
Transport Model ◽  
Statistical Design ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Ion Exchange Membrane ◽  
Membrane Properties ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Exchange Membrane

The present study focuses on investigating the effects of biological compartment conditions on the transport of nitrate and perchlorate in an Ion Exchange Membrane Bioreactor (IEMB). In this hybrid process, the transport depends not only on the membrane properties but also on the biological compartment conditions. The experiments were planned according to the Plackett-Burman statistical design in order to cover a broader range of experimental conditions, under which a previously developed mechanistic transport model was not able to predict correctly the transport fluxes of the target pollutants. Using Principal Component Analysis, it was possible to identify not only the concentrations of target (nitrate and perchlorate) and of major driving counter-ion (chloride) but also those of some biomedium components (e.g. ammonia, ethanol and sulphate) as variables that affect the transport rate of micropollutants across the membrane. These conclusions are based on the loadings of the two first principal components that describe 84% of the data variance. The present study also revealed that the hydraulic retention time and the hydrodynamic conditions in the biocompartment have a minor contribution to the micropollutants transport. The results obtained are important for process optimization purposes.

Simultaneous removal of perchlorate and nitrate from drinking water using the ion exchange membrane bioreactor concept

2006 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 231-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina T. Matos ◽  
Svetlozar Velizarov ◽  
João G. Crespo ◽  
Maria A.M. Reis
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Membrane Bioreactor ◽  
Ion Exchange Membrane ◽  
Simultaneous Removal ◽  
Exchange Membrane

Removal of Bromate from Drinking Water Using the Ion Exchange Membrane Bioreactor Concept

2008 ◽  
Vol 42 (20) ◽  
pp. 7702-7708 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina T. Matos ◽  
Svetlozar Velizarov ◽  
Maria A. M. Reis ◽  
João G. Crespo
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Membrane Bioreactor ◽  
Ion Exchange Membrane ◽  
Exchange Membrane

Removal of heavy metals from drinking water supplies through the ion exchange membrane bioreactor

Desalination ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 199 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 405-407 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian Oehmen ◽  
Rui Viegas ◽  
Svetlozar Velizarov ◽  
Maria A.M. Reis ◽  
João G. Crespo
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Membrane Bioreactor ◽  
Ion Exchange Membrane ◽  
Water Supplies ◽  
Removal Of Heavy Metals ◽  
Exchange Membrane

Drinking Water Denitrification Using A Novel Ion-exchange Membrane Bioreactor

2000 ◽  
Vol 34 (8) ◽  
pp. 1557-1562 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anabela D. Fonseca ◽  
João G. Crespo ◽  
Jonas S. Almeida ◽  
Maria A. Reis
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Membrane Bioreactor ◽  
Ion Exchange Membrane ◽  
Exchange Membrane

Effect of Influent Concentration on Perchlorate Removal from Drinking Water in an Ion Exchange Membrane Bioreactor

2012 ◽  
Vol 170-173 ◽  
pp. 2399-2402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meng Chun Gao ◽  
Cong Cong Zhao ◽  
Zong Lian She ◽  
Fang Yuan Liang ◽  
Zi Chao Wang
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Membrane Bioreactor ◽  
Hydraulic Retention Time ◽  
Operating Time ◽  
Ion Exchange Membrane ◽  
Protection Agency ◽  
Exchange Membrane

Removal of perchlorate from drinking water in an ion exchange membrane bioreactor (IEMB) was investigated at different influent ClO4- concentrations when the hydraulic retention time was 5h. Except the 49th day and the 51st day, the effluent ClO4- concentrations met standard of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) required 18µg/L. In the initial stages of the influent ClO4- concentration increase, the ClO4- concentration in the anaerobic bioreactor, the effluent Cl- concentration and the effluent electrical conductivity increased suddenly. As the operating time increased, the ClO4- concentration in the sludge supernatant kept below 10µg/L after steady operation; the effluent Cl- concentration declined slowly and finally stabilized at about 90 mg/L; the effluent electrical conductivity decreased gradually and finally stabilized at about 279µs/cm.

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