Effect of axial variation of flux on filtration characteristics of hollow fiber membrane for drinking water treatment

2007 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 95-101
Author(s):  
Hyun-je Oh ◽  
June-Seok Choi ◽  
Byong-Bo Choi ◽  
Sangho Lee ◽  
Tae-Mun Hwang
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Hollow Fiber ◽  
Hollow Fiber Membrane ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Fiber Membrane ◽  
Fiber System ◽  
Axial Distribution ◽  
Critical Flux

Understanding the fouling phenomena in submerged membrane systems is challenging because the efficiency of hollow fiber membrane highly depends on the dimensions of the fibers as well as filtration conditions. Thus, modeling filtration behavior of hollow fibers is important for improving the performance of hollow fiber system. In this work, a theoretical model based on critical flux concept was developed to simulate filtration resistance and axial pressure drop along the fiber in drinking water treatment. The application of a model for experimental data indicated that the model matches the experiments quite well. Thus, simulation of membrane system was carried out under various conditions using the parameters from the model fit. The axial distribution of pressure and flux affect the filtration characteristics of hollow fiber membranes. The effect of model parameters (specific cake resistance and critical flux) and module geometry were theoretically also investigated using the model.

Pilot plant evaluation of an ozone-microfiltration system for drinking water treatment

2000 ◽  
Vol 41 (10-11) ◽  
pp. 17-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Hashino ◽  
Y. Mori ◽  
Y. Fujii ◽  
N. Motoyama ◽  
N. Kadokawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Hollow Fiber ◽  
Hollow Fiber Membrane ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
Feed Water ◽  
Permeate Flux ◽  
Fiber Membrane ◽  
Filtration System ◽  
Plant Evaluation

We have developed a novel ozone resistant microfiltration (MF) module using an organic hollow fiber membrane made of polyvinylidenefluoride (PVDF). A new filtration system using this MF module together with ozone dose provided three to four times higher permeate flux compared with the filtration without ozone. The reaction of ozone with organic materials in feed water was necessary to occur on the surface of the membrane to have higher permeate flux.

Perchlorate as a secondary substrate in a denitrifying, hollow-fiber membrane biofilm reactor

2002 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 259-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Nerenberg ◽  
B.E. Rittmann
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Hollow Fiber ◽  
Hollow Fiber Membrane ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Fiber Membrane ◽  
Biological Reduction ◽  
Treatment Processes

In recent years, several oxyanions have emerged as drinking water micropollutants, including arsenate, selenate, bromate, and, most recently, perchlorate (ClO4-). Conventional water treatment processes typically are ineffective in removing these compounds, and advanced treatment processes are expensive. Biological reduction may provide a suitable treatment alternative, since these compounds can serve as electron acceptors. Other acceptors, such as nitrate (NO3-), must act as a primary electron acceptor. We tested our denitrifying, autotrophic, hydrogen-oxidizing hollow-fiber membrane for ClO4- reduction. The reactor is highly suited to drinking water treatment, as hydrogen (H2) is inexpensive, non-toxic, and does not leave residuals that can cause regrowth. When 1 to 2 mg/L ClO4- was supplied to reactor, which was at steady-state with 5 mgN/L NO3- but unacclimated to ClO4-, ClO4- removals increased from 40 to 99% over three weeks. Removals to 4 μg/L were also achieved in a natural groundwater having 6 to 100 μg/L ClO4-. Tests with variable NO3- and H2 showed that ClO4- reduction requires less than 30 μgN/L NO3- and at least 300-μg/L effluent H2. Therefore, partial denitrification is probably not consistent with excellent ClO4- removal. Mineral medium produced a gradual loss of ClO4--reducing bacteria, but they were re-enriched when tap water replaced minimal medium.

scholarly journals Pengolahan Air Tanah di Kawasan Politeknik Negeri Bandung menjadi Air Minum dengan Metoda Ultrafiltrasi

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 55
Author(s):  
Emma Hermawati Muhari ◽  
Ayu Ratna Permanasari ◽  
Fitria Yulistiani
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Ground Water ◽  
Hollow Fiber ◽  
Vinylidene Fluoride ◽  
Hollow Fiber Membrane ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
Dead End ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Total Dissolved Solid

Di Indonesia, khususnya di sekitar Politeknik Negeri Bandung, sebagian besar sumber air berasal dari air tanah. Air tanah di lingkungan Politeknik Negeri Bandung memiliki pH asam (< 6), coliform > 2.400, dan colitinja positif. Proses pemanasan air kurang efektif untuk mengolah air tanah karena memerlukan waktu yang relatif lama, energi besar, dan tidak dapat meningkatkan pH air agar memenuhi standar air minum sebagaimana tercantum dalam Permenkes Nomor 492/MENKES/PER/IV/2010. Untuk mengolah air tanah di lingkungan Politeknik Negeri Bandung, telah dibuat alat pengolahan air minum portabel dengan menggunakan konsep aliran dead-end filtration. Membran yang dipakai merupakan membran hollow-fiber, berjenis membran ultrafiltrasi berbahan dasar PVDF (Poly Vinylidene Flouride), ukuran pori 0,1μm, panjang membran 15cm, jumlah membran sebanyak 148 buah, dan dapat dioperasikan pada daya isap normal manusia.  Permeat yang dihasilkan sesuai dengan standar PERMENKES No. 492/MENKES/PER/IV/2010 dari parameter fisika, kimia, dan biologi. Lifetime membran diamati melalui jumlah permeat yang dihasilkan dari awal pemakaian membran hingga membran tersebut rusak. Lifetime pada alat pengolah air minum portabel ini adalah 38,879 L. Pengolahan air tanah menggunakan alat ini  dapat menaikkan pH sebesar 12,78%, menurunkan konduktivitas sebesar 39,31%, dan menurunkan Total Dissolved Solid (TDS) 13,72%. Dari segi ekonomi, penggunaan alat ini dapat menghemat biaya 50% dibandingkan dengan pembelian air minum kemasan 600 ml.In Indonesia, especially around the Bandung State Polytechnic, most of the water sources come from ground water. Ground water in the Bandung State Polytechnic environment has acidic pH (<6), coliform> 2,400, and positive colitis. The process of water heating is less effective for treating ground water because it requires a relatively long time, large energy, and can not increase the pH of the water to meet drinking water standards as stated in Permenkes No. 492 / MENKES / PER / IV / 2010. To treat ground water in the Bandung State Polytechnic, portable drinking water treatment equipment has been made using the concept of dead-end flow filtration. The membrane used is a hollow-fiber membrane, a type of ultrafiltration membrane made from PVDF (Poly Vinylidene Fluoride), pore size of 0.1μm, membrane length of 15cm, membrane number of 148 pieces, and can be operated on normal human suction. The permeate produced is in accordance with PERMENKES No. 492 / MENKES / PER / IV / 2010 from physical, chemical and biological parameters. Lifetime membranes are observed through the amount of permeate produced from the beginning of the use of the membrane until the membrane is damaged. Lifetime of this portable drinking water treatment device is 38,879 L. Ground water treatment using this tool can increase pH by 12.78%, decrease conductivity by 39.31%, and reduce Total Dissolved Solid (TDS) 13.72%. From an economic standpoint, the use of this tool can save 50% costs compared to the purchase of 600 ml of bottled water.

Hydrogen-based, hollow-fiber membrane biofilm reactor for reduction of perchlorate and other oxidized contaminants

2004 ◽  
Vol 49 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 223-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Nerenberg ◽  
B.E. Rittmann
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Electron Donor ◽  
Hollow Fiber ◽  
Hollow Fiber Membrane ◽  
Chlorinated Solvents ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
Primary Electron ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Fiber Membrane ◽  
Membrane Biofilm Reactor

Many oxidized pollutants, such as nitrate, perchlorate, bromate, and chlorinated solvents, can be microbially reduced to less toxic or less soluble forms. For drinking water treatment, an electron donor must be added. Hydrogen is an ideal electron donor, as it is non-toxic, inexpensive, and sparsely soluble. We tested a hydrogen-based, hollow-fiber membrane biofilm reactor (MBfR) for reduction of perchlorate, bromate, chlorate, chlorite, chromate, selenate, selenite, and dichloromethane. The influent included 5 mg/L nitrate or 8 mg/L oxygen as a primary electron accepting substrate, plus 1 mg/L of the contaminant. The mixed-culture reactor was operated at a pH of 7 and with a 25 minute hydraulic detention time. High recirculation rates provided completely mixed conditions. The objective was to screen for the reduction of each contaminant. The tests were short-term, without allowing time for the reactor to adapt to the contaminants. Nitrate and oxygen were reduced by over 99 percent for all tests. Removals for the contaminants ranged from a minimum of 29% for chlorate to over 95% for bromate. Results show that the tested contaminants can be removed as secondary substrates in an MBfR, and that the MBfR may be suitable for treating these and other oxidized contaminants in drinking water.

Morphological engineering of silicon nitride hollow fiber membrane for oil-field-produced-water treatment

2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (8) ◽  
pp. 10541-10549 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamidreza Abadikhah ◽  
Jun-Wei Wang ◽  
Sayed Ali Khan ◽  
Xin Xu ◽  
Simeon Agathopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Silicon Nitride ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Hollow Fiber ◽  
Produced Water ◽  
Hollow Fiber Membrane ◽  
Oil Field ◽  
Fiber Membrane ◽  
Produced Water Treatment
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