Managing long-term capacity in the age of conservation

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1188-1194
Author(s):  
Frank Qiao ◽  
Z. Michael Wang ◽  
Jim McCarthy

This paper illustrates the long-term planning challenge for water utilities in the age of conservation using detailed operating data of three sampling entities from the mid 1990s to 2009. The induced behavioral change from conservation measures is found to be of a permanent nature and the unit consumption to be in long-term descent. This in turn may call for a paradigm change in pricing and capacity planning for utilities. The ever-declining per capita consumption alters many commonly acknowledged norms for utilities, in particular for fast growing ones that may have taken on additional financial leverage to support previously anticipated growth. If not managed properly, the full cost recovery mechanism of pricing may force those utilities into an unsustainable future of ever-decreasing total demand and ever-increasing cash flow shortfall. Collection of more detailed water demand data in a timely fashion may prove to be a necessary exercise for sound management of median to large water utilities.

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 290-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Candeia ◽  
Ricardo Araujo Santos ◽  
Raquel Lopes
Keyword(s):  

Solar Energy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 224 ◽  
pp. 808-822
Author(s):  
Zichan Xie ◽  
Yutong Xiang ◽  
Dengjia Wang ◽  
Oleg Kusyy ◽  
Weiqiang Kong ◽  
...  

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Totok Yuwanto

Dengan semakin pesatnya pertumbuhan dan kebutuhan penggunaan data maka diperlukan suatu jaringan telekomunikasi yang mampu memenuhi kebutuhan tersebut yaitu dalam hal kapasitas, kualitas, mobilitas dan kecepatan. Untuk memenuhi kebutuhan  tersebut maka perusahaan operator telekomunikasi  dituntut untuk menggelar  jaringan telekomunikasi  yang mempunyai kapasitas besar, kecepatan tinggi, handal dan mempunyai kualitas yang bisa memenuhi kebutuhan tsb .  Salah satu tehnologi seluler terbaru yang bisa memenuhi kebutuhan tsb adalah tehnologi LTE. Pada penelitian ini dianalisa secara teknologi dan ekonomi terhadap implementasi LTE release 8 pada jaringan operator existing dengan menggunakan skenario join base station. Model analisa yang digunakan berdasarkan prinsip tekno ekonomi dengan menggunakan metoda capacity planning and coverage estimation untuk menentukan perancangan teknologi LTE serta  metoda DCF untuk menganalisa secara ekonomi dan juga mengukur kelayakan biaya yang dikeluarkan untuk implementasi LTE tersebut. Hasil penelitian diperoleh nilai NPV positif  dan IRR sebesar 12.95% , dengan nilai Pay Back Period 3 Tahun 1 Bulan. Berdasarkan hasil tsb dapat disimpulkan bahwa implementasi jaringan berbasis Long Term Evolution  (LTE)  di propinsi Banten layak untuk di implementasikan. 


2017 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandar Dosic ◽  
Dragana Tomasevic-Pilipovic ◽  
Miladin Gligoric ◽  
Bozo Dalmacija ◽  
Djurdja Kerkez ◽  
...  

Increasing amounts of residues and waste materials coming from industrial activities in different processes have become an increasingly urgent problem for the future. The paper presents the problem of mine tailings generated in mine ?Sase? (Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina) with high metal content (Pb, Cu and Zn). Dumpsite of this tailing represents potential risk for water bodies in the vicinity of this location. Chosen treatment process was stabilization/solidification (S/S). Inorganic agents used in this study were fly ash and red mud that represent secondary industrial waste generated on locations relatively near the mine. Therefore, their application can be used as an example of a sustainable solution of regional environmental problem. Further investigations are related to the impact of various factors on metals leaching from mine tailings solidified/stabilized material using the above mentioned immobilization agents. The performance of the immobilizing procedures was examined using several leaching tests: ANS 16.1, TCLP, DIN, MWLP. The results indicated that all S/S samples can be considered as non-hazardous waste, as all leached metal concentrations met the set criteria. These results will further enable the modelling of metals behaviour during long-term leaching from treated mine tailing. The data are invaluable in terms of economically and environmentally sound management of mine tailing.


2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-47
Author(s):  
Abdul Rahim Matondang ◽  
Widodo Widodo

Production system take an important role in industries, especially in manufacturing industries. This role determine the keys of successful company. Production process is an activity which produce finished product from raw material that involve machine, energy, and technique knowledge. Production process is real activity and can be seen by human being. The problems those always be faced in indutries management’s are the arrangement of production schedule, such lack of inventory or overstock once the settlement of production process isn’t on time. Production planning and control is activity to determine what product that will be produced, how many product that will be produced and how many labors needed in production processes. By using production planning and control’s method, those problems can be minimalized. Aggregate planning is one of production planning a.nd control’s method. By using this method, production planning could be done by using unit of replacement product so that the output of this planning isn’t declared in individual product. So, the output of aggregate planning isn’t planning in form of individual product but aggregate’s product. There are some strategies on aggregate planning such as pure strategy on aggregate planning and mixed strategy on aggregate planning. In this research, method of aggregate planning that used is optimization approach by linier rule. This method used to make long term planning and middle term planning. Long term planning consists of product forecasting and aggregate planning. The middle term planning consist of master production schedule and rough cut capacity planning. The result of this research is capacity needed and capacity available to determine which work center is drum and which isn’t. Conclusion of this research that capacity of each work center in perioad january to december 2018 is non drum. This indicate the good scheduling in capacity planning.


2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ki-Hwan Bae ◽  
Molly Jones ◽  
Gerald Evans ◽  
Demetra Antimisiaris

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