Modelling struvite precipitation in anaerobic treatment systems

1994 ◽  
Vol 30 (12) ◽  
pp. 107-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. Loewenthal ◽  
U. R. C. Kornmüller ◽  
E. P. van Heerden
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Experimental Verification ◽  
Anaerobic Fermentation ◽  
Anaerobic Treatment ◽  
Water Systems ◽  
Magnesium Ions ◽  
Trigger Mechanism ◽  
Partial Pressure Of Co2 ◽  
Struvite Precipitation ◽  
High Concentrations

Struvite precipitation is common in waste water systems containing high concentrations of dissolved orthophosphates, free and saline ammonia and magnesium ions, such as in anaerobic fermentation systems, often leading to severe fouling. It appears that a reduction of the partial pressure of CO2, ie. pCO2 is a trigger mechanism for struvite precipitation. An algorithm was developed, based on equilibrium chemistry, to quantitatively predict the struvite precipitation potential of the water in such a process. This was then extended, to predict the change in state together with precipitation potential due to chemical perturbations, particularly variations of pCO2. Experimental verification of the algorithms is presented.

Anaerobic Treatment of Viscose Wastewater

1985 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 231-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Kroiss ◽  
F Plahl-Wabnegg ◽  
K Svardal
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Organic Pollution ◽  
Anaerobic Treatment ◽  
Carbonaceous Matter ◽  
Sulfate Reducing ◽  
Zinc Removal ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Reducing Bacteria

The waste water from the viscose production process can be characterized as follows: low to medium strength of biodegradable carbonaceous matter, high concentrations of sulfate, high concentrations of zinc. The treatment process to be presented consists of anaerobic pre-treatment of the neutralized waste water combining the removal of carbonaceous matter with zinc removal by sulfide precipitation. The organic pollution of the waste water is used as a substrate for sulfate reducing bacteria present in the anaerobic reactor. The hydrogen sulfide produced precipitates the zinc as insoluble zinc sulfide. Labscale experiments lasting several months resulted in stable zinc effluent concentrations below 1 mg/l combined with a COD removal of about 40 - 50 %.

scholarly journals Modernization of Anaerobic Bioreactor for Waste Water Purification Plant

2021 ◽  
pp. 55-65
Author(s):  
Victoria Mel’nick ◽  
Olha Vorobyova ◽  
Natalia Ostapenko
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Anaerobic Treatment ◽  
Biotechnological Production ◽  
Anaerobic Bioreactor ◽  
Treatment Methods ◽  
Anaerobic Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Industry Waste ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
High Level

Analysis of literature sources suggests that the use of anaerobic treatment methods is especially effective for high concentrations of contaminants in wastewater, as well as for large volumes of water supplied for treatment, which is typical for industrial wastewater. In biotechnological production and food industry, waste water has a high level of pollution with organic compounds, it is advisable to use anaerobic treatment methods. Anaerobic wastewater treatment processes are characterized by low energy consumption and the ability to recover energy through the combustion of methane. To ensure the required temperature regime for the operation of the bioreactor, a new design of the heat exchange device of the anaerobic bioreactor with immobilized microorganisms has been developed. This design of the bioreactor can provide the required degree of wastewater purification at significantly lower costs for construction, operation, and material and energy resources. For clarity, the design features were designed bioreactor with a plane load of bundled software SOLIDWORKS and a mathematical model of the processes of anaerobic wastewater treatment.

Anaerobic treatment of chemical and brewery waste water with a new type of anaerobic reactor; the biobed® EGSB reactor

1996 ◽  
Vol 34 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 375-381 ◽  
Author(s):  
George R. Zoutberg ◽  
Rob Frankin
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Granular Sludge ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Anaerobic Treatment ◽  
Special Configuration ◽  
Anaerobic Reactor ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Chemical Factory ◽  
New Type ◽  
High Concentrations

In this paper a new ultra high loaded type of anaerobic reactor, the Biobed® EGSB (Expanded Granular Sludge Bed) reactor, is presented. Also presented is the full scale implementation of this reactor in two different types of industry; namely chemical industry and brewery. The chemical factory involved is Caldic Europoort in the Netherlands. In this factory formaldehyde is produced from methanol. The waste water is characterised by high concentrations of these compounds (formaldehyde till 5 g/l and methanol till 10 g/l). Due to the special configuration of the employed anaerobic reactor it is possible to acquire a removal efficiency for both compounds of more than 99%. At the brewery involved the Biobed® reactor is installed before an existing aerobic treatment. Here, the reactor serves as “COD remover”, which results in a decreased COD load to the aerobic post-treatment causing lesser sludge production and lesser energy consumption. It is concluded that the Biobed® EGSB reactor is a new ultra high loaded anaerobic treatment system in which it is possible to obtain high volumetric COD removal rates and in which it is possible to treat waste water containing toxic but degradable chemical compounds.

Vacuum Operation for Overloaded Anaerobic Treatment Systems

1989 ◽  
Vol 21 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 87-95
Author(s):  
J. De Santis ◽  
A. A. Friedman
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Loading Rate ◽  
Anaerobic Treatment ◽  
Optimum Operating ◽  
Operating Pressure ◽  
Simple Modification ◽  
Anaerobic Reactors ◽  
Fixed Film ◽  
Solids Retention ◽  
High Concentrations

Overloaded anaerobic treatment systems are characterized by high concentrations of volatile fatty acids and molecular hydrogen and poor conversion of primary substrates to methane. Previous experiments with fixed–film reactors indicated that operation with reduced headspace pressures enhanced anaerobic treatment. For these studies, four suspended culture, anaerobic reactors were operated with headspace pressures maintained between 0.5 and 1.0 atm and a solids retention time of 15 days. For lightly loaded systems (0.4 g SCOD/g VSS-day) vacuum operation provided minor treatment improvements. For shock organic loads, vacuum operation proved to be more stable and to support quicker recovery from upset conditions. Based on these studies and a companion set of bioassay tests, it was concluded that: (a) a loading rate of about 1.0 g SCOD/g VSS-day represents a practical loading limit for successful anaerobic treatment, (b) a headspace pressure of approximately 0.75 atm appears to be an optimum operating pressure for anaerobic systems and (c) simple modification to existing systems may provide relief for organically overloaded systems.

scholarly journals New mixtures and technologies for biogas production at biogas plants of agricultural type processing livestock slurry

2009 ◽  
Vol 55 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 62-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Kára ◽  
Z. Pastorek ◽  
J. Mazancová ◽  
I. Hanzlíková
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Anaerobic Fermentation ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Water Treatment Plant ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Waste Water Treatment Plant ◽  
Municipal Sludge

The basis of the biogas production in agriculture is the processing of waste agricultural products (particularly excrements of farm animals but also phytomass). Different but rather similar is the biogas production from biologically degradable municipal waste (BDMW) and biologically degradable industrial waste (BDIW) coming mainly from food industry. The processing of these wastes in agricultural biogas stations could significantly improve their economy. It is necessary to note that all these biogas stations differ from the wastewater cleaning plants where municipal sludge water from public sewers is processed. The municipal sludge water processing to biogas by anaerobic fermentation is a classical technology introduced all over the world. At present, about 100 wastewater cleaning plants operate in the Czech Republic using regular sludge processing into biogas. Electricity produced is utilised mainly for the needs of own operation of waste water treatment plant (WWTP), partly it is sold into public power net. The heat energy is used for heating in the process and its surplus is utilised for operational and administrative facilities. Usually, the heat and electricity quantities produced do not cover the wastewater cleaning plant operation. Agricultural biogas stations and biogas stations for BDMW processing provide considerably higher gas yields because they work with higher dry matter contents in substratum, i.e. 8–12% (compared with waste water treatment plants – 2–6%), and are able to produce high gas surpluses for following applications. Frequently discussed issue are the processing of slaughter waste and grass (or public green areas at biogas stations).

Volatile fatty acids production from anaerobic treatment of cassava waste water: effect of temperature and alkalinity

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (20) ◽  
pp. 2637-2646 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salah Din Mahmud Hasan ◽  
Citieli Giongo ◽  
Mônica Lady Fiorese ◽  
Simone Damasceno Gomes ◽  
Tatiane Caroline Ferrari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Anaerobic Treatment ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Water Effect ◽  
Cassava Waste
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