Heavy metal availability to plants in soils irrigated with wastewater from Mexico City

1995 ◽  
Vol 32 (12) ◽  
pp. 29-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina Siebe
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Mexico City ◽  
Metal Uptake ◽  
Metal Availability ◽  
Tolerance Limits ◽  
Aqua Regia ◽  
Untreated Wastewater ◽  
Metal Contents ◽  
Irrigation Time ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship between three different heavy metal fractions in soils irrigated for long periods of time with untreated wastewater from Mexico City and the metal uptake by alfalfa (Medicago sativa) was studied in order to evaluate actual accumulation levels in soils, as well as to establish which extracting solution characterizes most precisely the availability of selected heavy metals to plants. Cd, Pb, Cu and Zn were analyzed in aqua regia, 1 M NH4NO3 and water extracts from 50 soil samples and correlated with total contents in alfalfa tissue collected at the same sites. Heavy metal contents of the 3 fractions increase significantly with irrigation time, but European tolerance limits are slightly exceeded only for Cd at some sites. Plant uptake of Cd and Pb also increases the longer the soils have been irrigated and correlates best with aqua regia extracts from soils.

scholarly journals The availability of Cd, Pb and Zn and their relationships with soil pH and microbial biomass in soils amended by natural clinoptilolite

2011 ◽  
Vol 51 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 26-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Mühlbachová ◽  
T. Šimon ◽  
M. Pechová
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Metal Availability ◽  
Maximum Increase ◽  
Glucose Addition ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Significant Relationships ◽  
Metal Contents ◽  
Natural Clinoptilolite

The relationships among soil microbial biomass, pH and available of heavy metal fractions were evaluated in longterm contaminated soils during an incubation experiment with the amendment of zeolite (natural clinoptilolite) and the subsequent addition of glucose. The values of pH after the addition of glucose decreased during the first day of incubation approximately at about one unit and corresponded with the maximum increase of microbial biomass. The available heavy metal contents extracted by H<sub>2</sub>O, 1 mol/l NH<sub>4</sub>NO<sub>3</sub> and 0.005 mol/l DTPA increased during the first two days of incubation. Only a few significant relationships were found between the available metal contents and pH or microbial biomass. This fact could be ascribed to the different dynamics of the microbial biomass, pH and metal availability after glucose addition, when the highest metal contents during the incubation were usually reached one day later in respect to the greatest changes of pH and microbial activity. In comparison to soils without zeolite addition, the variants with natural clinoptilolite showed lower heavy metal contents in all used extractants with the exception of Cd which in H<sub>2</sub>O extracts tended to increase.

scholarly journals Heavy Metal Uptake by Novel Miscanthus Seed-Based Hybrids Cultivated in Heavy Metal Contaminated Soil

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 121-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacek Krzyżak ◽  
Marta Pogrzeba ◽  
Szymon Rusinowski ◽  
John Clifton-Brown ◽  
Jon Paul McCalmont ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Metal Uptake ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Heavy Metal Uptake ◽  
Aqua Regia ◽  
Miscanthus Giganteus ◽  
Commercial Opportunity

Abstract When heavy metal contaminated soils are excluded from food production, biomass crops offer an alternative commercial opportunity. Perennial crops have potential for phytoremediation. Whilst the conditions at heavy metal contaminated sites are challenging, successful phytoremediation would bring significant economic and social benefits. Seed-based Miscanthus hybrids were tested alongside the commercial clone Miscanthus × giganteus on arable land, contaminated with Pb, Cd and Zn near Katowice. Before the randomized experimental plots were established (25m2 plots with plant density 2/m2) ‘time-zero’ soil samples were taken to determine initial levels of total (aqua regia) and bioavailable (CaCl2 extraction) concentration of Pb, Cd and Zn. After the growing season plant material was sampled during autumn (October, green harvest) and winter (March, brown harvest) to determine differences in heavy metal uptake. Results after the first growing season are presented, including the plot establishment success, biomass yield and heavy metal uptake.

scholarly journals Phytoremediation based on canola (Brassica napus L.) and Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L.) planted on spiked soil by aliquot amount of Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn

2008 ◽  
Vol 53 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 7-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Turan ◽  
A. Esringü
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Metal Uptake ◽  
Indian Mustard ◽  
Metal Availability ◽  
Heavy Metal Uptake ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Spiked Soil ◽  
Soil Phytoremediation

The use of plants to remove heavy metals from soil (phytoremediation) is expanding due to its cost-effectiveness as compared to conventional methods and it has revealed a great potential. Since contaminants such as Pb or Cd have a limited bioavailability in the soil, methods to facilitate their transport to the shoots and roots of plants are required for successful phytoremediation. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of addition of different rates (0, 3, 6 and 12 mmol/kg) of ethylene diaminetetraacetate (EDTA) on heavy metal availability in soils contaminated with 50 mg/kg Cd (CdCl<sub>2</sub>), 50 mg/kg Cu (CuSO<sub>4</sub>), 50 mg/kg Pb [Pb(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>] and 50 mg/kg Zn (ZnSO<sub>4</sub>), and on the capacity of canola (Brassica napus L.) and Indian mustard (Brassica junceaL.) plants to uptake Cu, Cd, Pb and Zn in a growth chamber. Results indicated that EDTA application increased heavy metal availability and uptake by plants. Significant differences were obtained in both species and plant parts. As for plant species tested, canola was more effective in the uptake of Cu, Cd, Pb and Zn. Root heavy metal uptake of both species was higher than shoot heavy metal uptake.

scholarly journals The availability of DTPA extracted heavy metals during laboratory incubation of contaminated soils with glucose amendments

2011 ◽  
Vol 48 (No. 12) ◽  
pp. 536-542
Author(s):  
G. Mühlbachová
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Metal Availability ◽  
Percentage Increase ◽  
Lead Smelter ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Laboratory Incubation ◽  
Microbial Characteristics ◽  
Metal Contents ◽  
The Comparative Study

The laboratory incubation with glucose treatment was carried out in order to estimate the possible effects of increased microbial activity on heavy metal availability. The soils from vicinity of a&nbsp;lead smelter operating for more than 200 years were used for the experiment. The DTPA-extractable heavy metal contents increased after glucose addition and mostly reached the highest values the second day of the incubation. The comparative study, where the chloroform fumigation was used prior to the incubation in order to decrease the microbial activities, showed especially from second day of incubation significantly lower DTPA-extractable metal contents compared to non-fumigated treatments. The interactions among the maximum possible availability of DTPA-extractable heavy metal fractions and native soil microbial characteristics were studied in differently contaminated arable and grassland soils. Irrespective of different heavy metal contents in soils, significant correlations were found among the maximum percentage increase of DTPA-extractable Pb and Cd and the ratio Bc/TOC and metabolic quotient (qCO<sub>2</sub>) which may be a&nbsp;result of the important role of organic matter and microbial characteristics in soils on the heavy metal availability.

Evaluation of Heavy Metal Contents in Mudflat Solar Salt, Salt Water, and Sea Water in the Nationwide Salt Pan

2012 ◽  
Vol 41 (7) ◽  
pp. 1014-1019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hag-Lyeol Kim ◽  
Young-Joo Yoo ◽  
In-Sun Lee ◽  
Gang-Hee Ko ◽  
In-Cheol Kim
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Salt Water ◽  
Solar Salt ◽  
Metal Contents ◽  
Salt Pan

Heavy Metal Contents and Safety Evaluation of Commercial Salts in Seoul

2012 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ae-Kyung Kim ◽  
Sung-Ja Cho ◽  
Jae-Eun Kwak ◽  
Jin-Young Kum ◽  
Il-Young Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Safety Evaluation ◽  
Metal Contents
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