Effect of ozone on disinfection by-product formation of algae

1998 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 49-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeanine D. Plummer ◽  
James K. Edzwald
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Product Formation ◽  
Organic Carbon Content ◽  
Drinking Water Source ◽  
Formation Potential ◽  
Trihalomethane Formation Potential ◽  
Extracellular Organic Matter ◽  
Algal Suspension

The presence of algae in a drinking water source can have a significant impact on the treatment of that water. Algae and their extracellular organic matter can be precursors for disinfection by-product (DBP) formation which is of concern for treatment plants that employ pre-chlorination. This research examined the DBP formation of suspensions of Scenedesmus quadricauda, a green alga, and the effect of ozonation on that formation. Trihalomethane formation potential (THMFP) was found to increase by 10% to 30% when preozonation was applied versus non-ozonated samples. A slight increase in haloacetic acid (HAA) formation was also observed in the ozonated samples. Ozonation caused an increase in the dissolved organic carbon content of the algal suspension, thereby increasing the concentration of precursors. The alkalinity of the water did not significantly affect the formation potential of either THMs or HAAs.

Triclosan removal by NF from a real drinking water source – Effect of natural organic matter

2016 ◽  
Vol 283 ◽  
pp. 330-337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdullah Ogutverici ◽  
Levent Yilmaz ◽  
Ulku Yetis ◽  
Filiz B. Dilek
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Natural Organic Matter ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Drinking Water Source ◽  
Source Effect

Disinfection byproduct formation in reverse-osmosis concentrated and lyophilized natural organic matter from a drinking water source

2012 ◽  
Vol 46 (16) ◽  
pp. 5343-5354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan G. Pressman ◽  
Daniel L. McCurry ◽  
Shahid Parvez ◽  
Glenn E. Rice ◽  
Linda K. Teuschler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
Natural Organic Matter ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Drinking Water Source ◽  
Disinfection Byproduct ◽  
Byproduct Formation

Proactive optical monitoring of catchment dissolved organic matter for drinking water source protection

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Weatherill ◽  
Elena Fernandez-Pascual ◽  
Jean O'Dwyer ◽  
Elizabeth Gilchrist ◽  
Simon Harrison ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Dissolved Organic Matter ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Disinfection Byproducts ◽  
Catchment Management ◽  
Drinking Water Source ◽  
Source Water ◽  
Optical Monitoring ◽  
Water Supplies

<p>Ireland has a far greater number of regulatory exceedances for trihalomethanes (THMs) in public water supplies than the next highest European Union member state. In Ireland, 82% of public water supplies originate from surface water catchments which require disinfection to inactivate pathogens and prevent the spread of waterborne diseases. Since the 1970s, it has been known that the use of chlorine for disinfection leads to the formation of potentially harmful disinfection byproducts (DBPs) of which some are suspected carcinogens. THMs are one prominent class of at least 700 potentially harmful disinfection byproducts (DBPs) produced after chlorination of dissolved organic matter (DOM) present in source water which is not removed prior to disinfection.</p><p>We introduce a new research project, funded by the Irish Environmental Protection Agency entitled PRODOM: PRoactive Optical monitoring of catchment Dissolved Organic Matter for drinking water source protection. The overall aim of the research is to develop an integrated catchment-level understanding of the spatiotemporal dynamics of DOM precursors and associated DBP formation risk. The project will explore the relationship between optically-active DOM precursors and laboratory formation potentials for key DBPs including emerging classes of potentially more harmful nitrogenous DBPs. Through high-resolution spatial sampling we will develop geospatial DBP formation risk maps and identify risk-driving point and diffuse precursor sources. We will evaluate the potential of state-of-the-art UV fluorescence sensor technology to act as an early warning tool for proactive management of source water at sub-catchment scale. Using high-frequency time series monitoring of fluorescent precursors, we will identify high-risk periods in the catchment hydrograph and evaluate critical precursor sources and pathways to inform a series of catchment management measures designed to reduce DBP formation risk. </p>

scholarly journals Impact of UV irradiation on disinfection by-product formation and speciation from post-chlorination of dissolved organic matter

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ziming Zhao ◽  
Madhumita B. Ray ◽  
Ted Mao ◽  
Wenjun Sun
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Dissolved Organic Matter ◽  
Uv Irradiation ◽  
Product Formation ◽  
Residual Chlorine ◽  
Maximum Increase ◽  
Formation Potential ◽  
Trihalomethane Formation Potential ◽  
Irradiation Dosage ◽  
Low Dosage

Abstract The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of combined low-pressure ultraviolet (UV)irradiation and chlorination on the formation of disinfection by-products (DBPs) from different dissolved organic matter (DOM) as DBP precursors. Commercially available humic acid (HA), extracellular organic matter (EOM) from green algae, cyanobacteria, and diatom, namely Scenedesmus quadricauda (SQ), Merismopedia sp. (Msp), and Phaedactylum tricornutum (PT), were used as the sources of DOM. The DBP formation increased with increasing total residual chlorine; EOM from PT presented the highest formation potential followed by HA, Msp, and SQ. The low dosage of 40 mJ/cm2 UV irradiation is insignificant to change the DBP formation from HA and SQ; however, it decreased the DBP formation from bromide-containing EOM of PT and promoted the DBP formation from EOM of Msp at various total residual chlorines. The DBP formation of each DOM correlated well with total residual chlorine. The maximum DBP formation potential (DBPFP) reduction of 42.25 and 13.75% for haloacetic acid formation potential (HAAFP) and trihalomethane formation potential (THMFP) was obtained at the UV irradiation dosage of 300 mJ/cm2 for EOM of PT. However, for the EOM derived from Msp, a maximum increase of 58.1 and 51.1% for HAAFP and THMFP was observed after UV-chlorination.

scholarly journals The relationship between chlorine consumption and trihalomethane formation from hydrophobic and transphilic fractions: a comparative study between two dams of east Algeria

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-82
Author(s):  
Dhaouadi Mellahi ◽  
Ridha Zerdoumi ◽  
Nacer Rebbani ◽  
Abdelhak Gheid
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Natural Organic Matter ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Kinetic Behavior ◽  
Complex Composition ◽  
Formation Potential ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
By Products

In Algeria, the use of chlorine in drinking water treatment is a widespread practice. When chlorine combines with natural organic matter (NOM), it forms various chlorine by-products such as trihalomethanes (THMs). In this work, we studied the relationship between chlorine consumption and THM formation, by chlorination of hydrophobic and transphilic (TRS) fractions. We compared the kinetic behavior and the THM formation potential of two major dams in east Algeria. A nonlinear regression modeling study showed a good correlation of the specific chlorine consumption and the specific THM formation. In the case of Ain Zeda dam and at pH = 7, the specific THM yield coefficients αS were: 6.57 and 10.22 μg-THM/mg-Cl2.mg-C.L−1 for hydrophobic and TRS fractions, respectively, while at the same pH, they were 12.07 and 23.66 μg-THM/mg-Cl2.mg-C.L−1 for Ain Dalia dam. Although the NOM concentration of Ain Zeda dam was higher than that of Ain Dalia dam, the THM formation potential of Ain Dalia dam was greater than that of Ain Zeda dam. It seems clear that the water source origin and characteristics play a key role in this case. They affect the THM formation due to the complex composition of humic substances which differs from one source to another.

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