Biological hydrogen potential of materials characteristic of the organic fraction of municipal solid wastes

2000 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 25-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Okamoto ◽  
T. Miyahara ◽  
O. Mizuno ◽  
T. Noike
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Solid Wastes ◽  
Batch Experiments ◽  
Organic Fraction ◽  
Production Potential ◽  
Municipal Solid Wastes ◽  
Biological Hydrogen Production ◽  
Organic Solid ◽  
Chicken Skin ◽  
Organic Solid Wastes

The purpose of this study is to investigate the biological hydrogen production potential of individual organic fraction of municipal solid wastes (OFMSW) by batch experiments. Seven varieties of typical organic solid wastes including rice, cabbage, carrot, egg, lean meat, fat and chicken skin were selected to estimate the hydrogen production potential. Among the OFMSW, carbohydrate produced the most hydrogen through biological hydrogen fermentation compared with proteins or lipids. Subsequently, the biological hydrogen production potentials of some individual carbohydrate were measured: cabbage, 26.3–61.7 mL/g-VS; carrot, 44.9–70.7 mL/g-VS; and rice, 19.3–96.0 mL/g-VS. The hydrogen percentages of the total biogas produced from cabbage, carrot and rice were 33.9–55.1%, 27.7–46.8% and 44.0–45.6%, respectively.

scholarly journals Acidic pretreatment of cellulose for bio methane production

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (11) ◽  
pp. 153-158
Author(s):  
Mahmood Ajel ◽  
◽  
Fawziea M. Hussien ◽  
Johain J. Faraj ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biogas Production ◽  
Solid Wastes ◽  
Plant Residues ◽  
Organic Fraction ◽  
Municipal Solid Wastes ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
Organic Solid ◽  
Acidic Pretreatment ◽  
Microbial Groups ◽  
Organic Solid Wastes

Present work deals with the exhaustive investigations of rapid de-lignification processes from source-sorted organic fractions that are recalcitrant in nature. Organic solid wastes (OSW) belong to the organic fraction of municipal solid wastes (MSW) and they act as enormous potential substrate for alternative source of energy in the form of bio-fuels. Nevertheless, these substrates are not easily biodegradable and the degree of biodegradability is solely dependent on the composition and characteristic of organic solid wastes in municipal solid wastes. The component responsible for recalcitrance of organic solid wastes is lignin that occurs in variable amounts in different plant residues. In order to remove the recalcitrance from organic fraction municipal solid wastes and to make it more easily degradable by microbial groups, certain pretreatment techniques have been adopted and they are applied either individually or in combined way for enhancement of anaerobic digestion (AD) process. The present work studied the effect of acid treatment with acetic acid on the used substrate, evaluated its effectiveness on biogas production, and studied the concentrations of CH4 and CO2 during the fermentation period, which amounted to 90 days. All results are presented in clear curves for the purpose of facilitating the study.

scholarly journals Application of sludge, organic solid wastes and yard trimmings in aerobic compost piles

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 405-411
Keyword(s):  
High Water ◽  
Solid Wastes ◽  
High Water Content ◽  
Organic Fraction ◽  
Organic Solid ◽  
Metal Contents ◽  
Quality Product ◽  
Carbon Nitrogen Ratio ◽  
Nitrogen Ratio ◽  
Organic Solid Wastes

The effects of different mixture ratios of sewage sludge (SS), organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW) and yard trimmings (YT) on the performance of composting process were investigated in this study. The high water content and the proper carbon/nitrogen ratio make sludge ideal for this procedure, improving the characteristics of the initial composting mixture. OFMSW and YT enable the production of a quality product that may be used as a soil conditioner. Therefore, piles of about 1 m3 were prepared by mixing OFMSW, SS and YT in four different ratios (w/w) [only OFMSW, OFMSW:SS = 2:1, OFMSW:SS:YT = 3:1:2, and OFMSW:SS:YT = 4:1:2]. The piles were kept in controlled aerobic conditions for 10 weeks. The temperature of the piles was measured daily (for the first 4 weeks) and ranged between 60-70 oC, while air was provided to the piles by mechanical turning. Results showed that the pile OFMSW:SS:GW = 3:1:2 was most beneficial in composting, since its ability to accumulate and retain heat and achieve high organic matter degradation. The final compost products contained C/N ratio less than 15 indicating that achieved mature and stable products. The heavy metal contents in the final composts were several times lower than regulation limits.

Dynamics of methanogenic activities in a landfill bioreactor treating the organic fraction of municipal solid wastes

1998 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. J. Lay ◽  
Y. Y. Li ◽  
T. Noike
Keyword(s):  
Methane Production ◽  
Solid Wastes ◽  
Lag Phase ◽  
Organic Fraction ◽  
Production Potential ◽  
Municipal Solid Wastes ◽  
Methanogenic Activity ◽  
Methane Production Rate ◽  
One Year ◽  
Biokinetic Parameters

A bench-scale investigation was conducted to evaluate the dynamics of methanogenic activities in a landfill bioreactor (LFBR) treating the organic fraction of municipal solid wastes (OFMSW). The specific methanogenic activity (SMA) test was used to measure each individual methanogenic activity on degrading carbohydrate, protein, lipid, butyrate, propionate, and acetate at an interval of one-year. A simple model incorporating three biokinetic parameters, namely lag-phase time, methane production rate and methane production potential, was employed to systematically describe the dynamics of SMA on the anaerobic mineralization of the OFMSW in an LFBR. The results indicate that the model is suitable to describe the dynamics of SMA in the LFBR. According to the dynamics of the SMA, the decomposition of proteins and lipids overruled the stabilization of the LFBR, while the rate of methanogenesis was higher than that of acetogenesis. Comparing the estimation and the observation of methane production rates suggested that the period of the critical incubation time (λ*) of the protein and the lipid influenced the efficiency of the LFBR.

Sorption of arsenic by composts and biochars derived from the organic fraction of municipal solid wastes: Kinetic, isotherm and oral bioaccessibility study

2022 ◽  
Vol 204 ◽  
pp. 111988
Author(s):  
Jacqueline Zanin Lima ◽  
Eduardo Ferreira da Silva ◽  
Carla Patinha ◽  
Nuno Durães ◽  
Eny Maria Vieira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid Wastes ◽  
Organic Fraction ◽  
Municipal Solid Wastes ◽  
Oral Bioaccessibility

EVALUATION OF ORGANIC SOLID WASTES COMPOSTS AS PEAT SUBSTITUTES FOR SEEDLING PRODUCTION

2013 ◽  
Vol 36 (11) ◽  
pp. 1780-1794 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian-Hua Zhang ◽  
Guang-Ming Tian ◽  
Gen-Di Zhou ◽  
Miao-Miao He ◽  
Fan Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid Wastes ◽  
Seedling Production ◽  
Organic Solid ◽  
Organic Solid Wastes

scholarly journals Selective Utilization of Organic Solid Wastes by Earthworm (Eisenia foetida)

1970 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 99-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shankar Raj Pant ◽  
Kayo Devi Yami
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Solid Wastes ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Kathmandu Valley ◽  
Eisenia Foetida ◽  
Sugar Mill ◽  
Fish Scales ◽  
Rapid Multiplication ◽  
Organic Solid ◽  
Organic Solid Wastes

Rapid growth of population in Kathmandu valley has increased solid wastes generation tremendously. One of the best ways of managing the organic wastes is to recycle domestic wastes at the site of its origin by vermicomposting into valuable organic fertilizers. A laboratory experiment was carried out at for proper management of solid wastes of Kathmandu valley, generated from Ayurveda industry, sugar mill (bagasse), wood mill, kitchen, and vegetable and fruit markets. The experiment dealt with the decomposition of solid wastes through the action of red worm (Eisenia foetida). The vermicomposting of mixtures were carried out for 12 weeks. Observations showed that vermicompost obtained from Ayurveda industry wastes was found to be rich in N, P, K and organic matter, and vermicompost from sugarcane bagasse was found best for rapid multiplication of Eisenia foetida. Fish scales and sawdust were identified as worst substrate for this worm. Key words: vermi compost; organic solid wastes; Eisenia foetida DOI: 10.3126/njst.v9i0.3172 Nepal Journal of Science and Technology 9 (2008) 99-104

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