Optimisation of the ISO-method on enumeration of somatic coliphages (draft ISO 10705-2)

2001 ◽  
Vol 43 (12) ◽  
pp. 205-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. A. Mooijman ◽  
M. Bahar ◽  
N. Contreras ◽  
A. H. Havelaar
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Filtration ◽  
Viable Count ◽  
Somatic Coliphages ◽  
Layer Method ◽  
Bathing Waters ◽  
Agar Layer ◽  
Eu Project ◽  
Single Agar ◽  
Filtration Technique ◽  
The Eu

As part of the EU project “Bacteriophages in Bathing Waters” (January 1996 - June 1999) research was carried out to optimise the method for detection and enumeration of somatic coliphages in water as described in ISO/CD 10705-2 of August 1995. It was concluded that this draft ISO standard needed to be amended in certain aspects. For determining the viable count of the host culture WG5 Escherichia coli, a membrane filtration technique should be used instead of spread plate technique as the latter gives lower and less reproducible results. A freshly prepared inoculum culture of host strain WG5 should be used instead of a frozen inoculum culture as freezing of the inoculum culture is found to negatively influence the phage counts. The double agar layer method (DAL) is preferred to the single agar layer method (SAL) for performing the phage analysis as the DAL method gives higher phage counts than the SAL method.

scholarly journals Use of Coliphages as an indicators of enteroviruses and faecal pollution in Water

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 425-432
Author(s):  
Baghdad Science Journal
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Water Surface ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Fecal Pollution ◽  
Bottled Water ◽  
Enrichment Method ◽  
Layer Method ◽  
Agar Layer ◽  
Single Agar

In spite of increasing clinical cases which caused by enteroviruses transferred by water and no documents about entericviruses in the Iraqi water standards. The use of coliphages as an indicator of enteroviruses and fecal pollution were suggested two procedures were applied . The first is Two-Step Enrichment Method and the second is Single Agar Layer Method. Both methods gives good results in Identification of coliphages through testing fifty different water samples (Tap water, Surface water and Bottled water) the study shows the presence of coliphages in fourteen samples.

scholarly journals Efficient and Consumer-Centered Item Detection and Classification with a Multicamera Network at High Ranges

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (14) ◽  
pp. 4818
Author(s):  
Nils Mandischer ◽  
Tobias Huhn ◽  
Mathias Hüsing ◽  
Burkhard Corves
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Shop Floor ◽  
Unsupervised Segmentation ◽  
User Friendliness ◽  
Industrial Environment ◽  
Machine Learning Methods ◽  
Eu Project ◽  
Detection And Localization ◽  
Industrial Context ◽  
The Eu

In the EU project SHAREWORK, methods are developed that allow humans and robots to collaborate in an industrial environment. One of the major contributions is a framework for task planning coupled with automated item detection and localization. In this work, we present the methods used for detecting and classifying items on the shop floor. Important in the context of SHAREWORK is the user-friendliness of the methodology. Thus, we renounce heavy-learning-based methods in favor of unsupervised segmentation coupled with lenient machine learning methods for classification. Our algorithm is a combination of established methods adjusted for fast and reliable item detection at high ranges of up to eight meters. In this work, we present the full pipeline from calibration, over segmentation to item classification in the industrial context. The pipeline is validated on a shop floor of 40 sqm and with up to nine different items and assemblies, reaching a mean accuracy of 84% at 0.85 Hz.

The Influence of Carbohydrate Gelling Agents on Rat Intestinal Transport of Monosaccharides and Neutral Amino Acids in Vitro

1980 ◽  
Vol 59 (5) ◽  
pp. 373-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Elsenhans ◽  
U. Süfke ◽  
R. Blume ◽  
W. F. Caspary
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Absorption ◽  
Membrane Filtration ◽  
Intestinal Transport ◽  
Michaelis Constant ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Plant Polysaccharides ◽  
Gelling Agents ◽  
Layer Resistance ◽  
Filtration Technique

1. In the present investigation with rings of everted rat small intestine, carbohydrate gelling agents (plant polysaccharides) such as guaran, pectin, tragacanth, carubin and carrageenan were employed to study their direct effect on intestinal absorption of α-methyl-d-glucoside, d-galactose, l-leucine and l-phenylalanine. 2. Inhibition was found to correlate with the viscosity of the incubation medium, a function only of the polysaccharide concentration, and was independent of other properties of the carbohydrate gelling agents. 3. Reversal of this inhibition was achieved either by washing the tissue free of polysaccharide or by raising tissue agitation. 4. Uptake kinetics in polysaccharide-containing solutions revealed a marked increase of the apparent Michaelis constant although the maximal transport capacity remained essentially unaltered. 5. Since there was no binding of the substrate by the polysaccharides under experimental conditions as judged by a membrane filtration technique, it is concluded that carbohydrate gelling agents may impair intestinal absorption by means of an increased unstirred layer resistance.

Deep renovation up to zero energy through Add-ons: the ABRACADABRA Project

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annarita Ferrante ◽  
Fabrizio Ungaro ◽  
Giovanni Semprini ◽  
Lorna Dragonetti ◽  
Elettra Agliardi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effective ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Zero Energy ◽  
Urban Context ◽  
Building Stock ◽  
Existing Building ◽  
The Real Estate ◽  
International Projects ◽  
Eu Project ◽  
The Eu

<p>and international projects</p><p>various EU H2020 projects</p><p>Though housing is one of the most energy consumer sectors, it is currently extremely underestimated, because of a clear investment gap due to economic, social and legislative barriers. The EU project ABRACADABRA (Assistant Building to Retrofit, Adopt, Cure And Develop the Actual Buildings up to zeRo energy, Activating a market for deep renovation) is based on the idea that the real estate value increase given by the appropriate densification strategy in urban environments could be an opportunity to activate a market for deep energy renovation. To prove the effectiveness of the strategy more than 70 case studies throughout the EU cities have been assessed by means of a cost-effective analysis. Basing on the parametric variation of the different values involved (cost of construction, energy, etc.) the benefit of this strategy has been proved in the majority of the different building types and contexts.</p><p>More interestingly, the ABRA strategy has been simulated and tested outside Europe in order to verify its scalability and the possibility of considering other non-energy related benefits in the renovation of the existing building stock. A specific study on the NYC urban context has been conducted to effectively adapt the strategy and combine the global drivers of energy consumption reduction and CO<span>2</span> emission reduction with the local need of combating flood emergency and related flood-proofing measures.</p><p>The results reached by this work demonstrate how the energy retrofit trough add-ons reduces significantly the payback times of the investments, preserve soil consumption, while providing a extraordinary opportunity to enhance urban resiliency by challenging the local emergencies.</p>

The EU-project United4Health: User-centred design of an information system for a Norwegian telemedicine service

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (7) ◽  
pp. 422-429 ◽  
Author(s):  
Berglind Smaradottir ◽  
Martin Gerdes ◽  
Santiago Martinez ◽  
Rune Fensli
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Telemedicine Service ◽  
User Centred Design ◽  
Eu Project ◽  
The Eu
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