Performance of constructed wetland for highway runoff treatment

2003 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 315-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Bulc ◽  
A. Sajn Slak
Keyword(s):  
Constructed Wetland ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Highway Runoff ◽  
Reduction Efficiency ◽  
Proper Design ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Long Term Impact ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Highways have a long-term impact on the environment, therefore a sustainable approach to their design is vital. In the spring of 2001 a pilot constructed wetland (CW) system was set up at a section of the northeast-southwest motorway in Slovenia. It was designed for a critical flow of 11.75 l/s for 0.75 ha of catchment area. It consisted of a sedimentation basin covering an area of 36 m2 and a CW of 85 m2. The CW was filled with sand media and planted with reeds. Performance efficiency of the system was evaluated from summer to autumn 2001. Some of the physical and chemical parameters monitored varied noticeably. Removal efficiency was 69% for suspended solids, 97% for settleable solids, 51% for COD, 11% for BOD5 and 80% for Fe. Heavy metals such as Cu, Zn, Cd, Ni and Pb were below limited level at the inflow with reduction efficiency in the system of over 90%. Concentrations of N and P showed a limited level of nutrients for biological processes. Results of the study suggest that CW could be an alternative for highway runoff treatment. Further long-term investigations are needed to provide more data on their proper design.

Impact of Child Sexual Abuse on Females: Toward a Developmental, Psychobiological Integration

1993 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Penelope K. Trickett ◽  
Frank W. Putnam
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Average Duration ◽  
Pubertal Development ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Basic Theme ◽  
Long Term Impact ◽  
The Impact

In the last decade, it has become clear that the sexual abuse of children is much more prevalent than previously realized and that such abuse has extensive mental health sequelae. Females are reported victims of sexual abuse much more often than males. The peak age of onset of sexual abuse for females is prepubertal—7 or 8 years of age—and the average duration fends to be about 2 years. The basic theme of this article is that there may be directly traceable mechanistic relationships between the impact of sexual abuse on specific psychological and biological developmental processes for females and some of the adult outcomes of that abuse. Specifically, it is proposed that, to understand the long-term impact of sexual abuse, it is necessary to investigate how it may interfere with both the psychological and the biological processes of pubertal development.

scholarly journals Long-term impact of severe wildfire and post-wildfire salvage logging on macroinvertebrate assemblage structure in Alberta's Rocky Mountains

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (10) ◽  
pp. 738 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda M. Martens ◽  
Uldis Silins ◽  
Heather C. Proctor ◽  
Chris H. S. Williams ◽  
Michael J. Wagner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rocky Mountain ◽  
Natural Disturbance ◽  
Assemblage Structure ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Salvage Logging ◽  
Macroinvertebrate Assemblages ◽  
Crane Flies ◽  
Forested Landscapes ◽  
Long Term Impact

Wildfire is an important natural disturbance on forested landscapes influencing both physical and biological processes. The Lost Creek wildfire was one of the most severe on Alberta’s eastern slopes and provided a unique opportunity to assess the long-term impacts of wildfire and post-wildfire salvage logging on northern Rocky Mountain catchments. Macroinvertebrate sampling conducted 8 years after the wildfire indicated distinct macroinvertebrate assemblages in reference, burned, and burned and salvage-logged catchments. Reference catchments were characterised by more sensitive taxa (e.g. stoneflies) and had the lowest abundance of macroinvertebrates. Burned catchments had the greatest abundance of macroinvertebrates and were characterised by greater abundance of chironomids and caddisflies. Burned and salvage-logged catchments supported high numbers of riffle beetles and crane flies. The unique assemblage structures between catchments indicate different mechanisms drive the ecological response in wildfire-affected catchments. Resource availability was an important driver of assemblage structure in the more productive burned catchments and habitat quality was a dominant driver in the burned and salvage-logged catchments. Despite the legacy effects observed in this study, fire-affected catchments still supported sensitive taxa and functional macroinvertebrate assemblages.

scholarly journals Royal Holloway, University of London and the Afghanistan and Central Asian Association: New Partnerships and Challenges During COVID-19 in the Clinical Legal World

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 155
Author(s):  
Nicola Antoniou ◽  
Jill Marshall ◽  
Alexander Gilder ◽  
Rabia Nasimi
Keyword(s):  
Local Community ◽  
Afghan Women ◽  
Legal Information ◽  
Legal Advice ◽  
Road Map ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Central Asian ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Long Term Impact

<p>In January 2020, Royal Holloway, University of London set up a new Legal Advice Centre offering free legal advice to the local community, including building upon key partnerships to address unmet legal needs. This practice-paper discusses Royal Holloway’s Legal Advice Centre (LAC) and the Afghanistan and Central Asian Association’s (ACCA) collaborative approach and response to the global pandemic since March 2020. It will highlight the unprecedented challenges that they have faced, and their efforts to overcome them. In addition, the paper will discuss their research project, which provides Royal Holloway’s student volunteers with the opportunity to gain unique multidisciplinary understandings of the effect of the pandemic in Afghanistan, and a chance to put their legal skills into practice by producing legal information to support local users of both Royal Holloway’s LAC and the Law Clinic at the ACAA.</p><p><br />This practice-paper includes a road map to Royal Holloway’s long-term goal, namely, to work with ACAA to research the legal vulnerabilities of women in Afghanistan, with the aid of a research grant supporting international collaboration. Recent reports highlight that lockdown and quarantine measures will have a long-term impact on the basic rights and freedoms of Afghan women, who already face hardship.</p>

scholarly journals Royal Holloway, University of London and the Afghanistan and Central Asian Association: New Partnerships and Challenges During COVID-19 in the Clinical Legal World

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 155-178
Author(s):  
Nicola Antoniou ◽  
Jill Marshall ◽  
Alexander Gilder ◽  
Rabia Nasimi
Keyword(s):  
Local Community ◽  
Afghan Women ◽  
Legal Information ◽  
Legal Advice ◽  
Road Map ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Central Asian ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Long Term Impact

In January 2020, Royal Holloway, University of London set up a new Legal Advice Centre offering free legal advice to the local community, including building upon key partnerships to address unmet legal needs. This practice-paper discusses Royal Holloway’s Legal Advice Centre (LAC) and the Afghanistan and Central Asian Association’s (ACCA) collaborative approach and response to the global pandemic since March 2020. It will highlight the unprecedented challenges that they have faced, and their efforts to overcome them. In addition, the paper will discuss their research project, which provides Royal Holloway’s student volunteers with the opportunity to gain unique multidisciplinary understandings of the effect of the pandemic in Afghanistan, and a chance to put their legal skills into practice by producing legal information to support local users of both Royal Holloway’s LAC and the Law Clinic at the ACAA.This practice-paper includes a road map to Royal Holloway’s long-term goal, namely, to work with ACAA to research the legal vulnerabilities of women in Afghanistan, with the aid of a research grant supporting international collaboration. Recent reports highlight that lockdown and quarantine measures will have a long-term impact on the basic rights and freedoms of Afghan women, who already face hardship.

scholarly journals STUDY ON THE VARIATIONS OF AN EUTROPHIC ECOSYSTEM FROM THE SPANISH MEDITERRANEAN LITTORAL: DATA TO HAVE IN MIN IN THE NUTRIENT DUMPING TO THE SEA

1988 ◽  
Vol 1 (21) ◽  
pp. 194
Author(s):  
E. Soler T. ◽  
J.G. Del Rio ◽  
J.J. Diez
Keyword(s):  
Trophic Status ◽  
Temporal Variations ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variations ◽  
Waste Waters ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Physical And Chemical Parameters ◽  
Set Up ◽  
River Loads ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Planktonic Communities

Cullera Bay is a neritic ecosystem placed on the Spanish Mediterranean Littoral largely influenced by the Jucar River, that brings about lower salinities than surrounding waters, and broad variations of its values. An extensive research, with 9 samplings throughout the year, was carried out, measuring both physical and chemical parameters, and the planktonic communities. The trophic status of the ecosystem, the spatial and temporal variations of the nutrients and the planktonic communities were studied, evaluating the influence of the river loads and the littoral dynamics. Some essential basis to allow a suitable emplacement of waste waters disposals along the Valencian littoral are set up in order to minimize the gradual eutrophication of this coast.

scholarly journals Changes in the Adriatic oceanographic properties induced by the Eastern Mediterranean Transient

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 2085-2097 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Vilibić ◽  
S. Matijević ◽  
J. Šepić ◽  
G. Kušpilić
Keyword(s):  
Adriatic Sea ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Euphotic Zone ◽  
N:P Ratio ◽  
Western Mediterranean ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Average Water ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Abstract. Long-term time series of physical and chemical parameters collected between 1960 and 2010 along the Palagruža Sill transect, Middle Adriatic Sea, have been investigated in terms of average water properties and their variability. Nutrients, especially orthophosphates, reached rather high levels of concentration below the euphotic zone between 1991 and 1998, the highest levels in the investigated period. Simultaneously, the N:P ratio, which is normally higher than 25:1, decreased to values less than 16:1 in the euphotic zone, indicating a switch from typical phosphorus to nitrogen- limited preconditioning for the primary production. Higher-than-usual nutrient levels peaking in the mid-1990s, coupled with lower-than-usual temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen and pH values, are presumably related to the flow of the nutrient richer Western Mediterranean waters to the Adriatic below the euphotic layer. These waters, which keep their footprint in the N:P ratio, enter the Adriatic during the anticyclonic phase of the Bimodal Adriatic-Ionian Oscillation (BiOS), which has been uniquely strengthened by the Eastern Mediterranean Transient occurring in the early 1990s. This hypothesis should be confirmed through targeted research and modelling exercises, as it is highly relevant for the biogeochemistry of the Adriatic Sea.

scholarly journals Improvement of storage resistance of sausage products to micellar mushrooms by synthetic protective shrinks

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 242-249
Author(s):  
K.O. Rodionova ◽  
A.P. Palii ◽  
A.P. Paliy
Keyword(s):  
Protective Coating ◽  
Protective Coatings ◽  
Retail Trade ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
Physical And Chemical Parameters ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Intensive Development ◽  
Term Storage

The aim of the work was to establish the frequency of detection of mold of raw smoked sausages and to evaluate the use of synthetic protective shrinks, which provide long-term storage of sausages. Nine batches (310 samples) of raw smoked sausages were examined, 487 crops were made on special media, 154 samples of sausages were examined according to physical and chemical parameters. We determined that an intensive contamination of their surface with micellar fungi during the sale of raw smoked sausages in retail trade is taking place: Penicillium (62.9%), Aspergillus (18.2%), Mucor (10.7%), Cladosprium (4.5%). We found that on the 5th day of their sale 4.57±1.64% of experimental sausage bulks are contaminated with micellar fungi but more massive and intensive development of micromycelia was found on the 20th day of sale (29.32±8.16% of cases). We proved that the use of protective coating/srink “Optiglianets” (Lofink Group, Ukraine), “CoatStar 110” (OJSC “Upakprint”, Russia), “Polisved1” (OJSC “Omega”, Russia), “Antibak Tauchmassa” (Company “Swed Holding”, Russia) and “Tauchmasse KP-15”, Italy), delayed up to 20 days the development of micellar fungi on the surface of prototypes of smoked sausages. We applied them in a thin layer (0.06-0.10 mm depending on the applied means) on the surface of sausage bulks and dried in drying chambers at temperature of 15.0±2.0 °C and 45 minutes exposure at a relative humidity of 70%. The weight loss of raw smoked sausages was the lowest with the use of protective coating “Optiglyanets” (Lofink Group, Ukraine) and “Polisved-1” (OJSC “Omega”, Russia). It was 14.5±0.8% and equal to 60% reduction compared to other protective coatings/shrinks implementation.

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