Urban drainage system planning and design – challenges with climate change and urbanization: a review

2015 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeinab Yazdanfar ◽  
Ashok Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Drainage System ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Local Area ◽  
Urban Drainage ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Drainage Systems ◽  
Planning And Design ◽  
Urban Drainage Systems ◽  
Fit For Purpose

Urban drainage systems are in general failing in their functions mainly due to non-stationary climate and rapid urbanization. As these systems are becoming less efficient, issues such as sewer overflows and increase in urban flooding leading to surge in pollutant loads to receiving water bodies are becoming pervasive rapidly. A comprehensive investigation is required to understand these factors impacting the functioning of urban drainage, which vary spatially and temporally and are more complex when weaving together. It is necessary to establish a cost-effective, integrated planning and design framework for every local area by incorporating fit for purpose alternatives. Carefully selected adaptive measures are required for the provision of sustainable drainage systems to meet combined challenges of climate change and urbanization. This paper reviews challenges associated with urban drainage systems and explores limitations and potentials of different adaptation alternatives. It is hoped that the paper would provide drainage engineers, water planners, and decision makers with the state of the art information and technologies regarding adaptation options to increase drainage systems efficiency under changing climate and urbanization.

scholarly journals Evaluating the Thermal Performance of Wet Swales Housing Ground Source Heat Pump Elements through Laboratory Modelling

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 3118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Rey-Mahía ◽  
Luis A. Sañudo-Fontaneda ◽  
Valerio C. Andrés-Valeri ◽  
Felipe Pedro Álvarez-Rabanal ◽  
Stephen John Coupe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Pump ◽  
Thermal Performance ◽  
Urban Drainage ◽  
Outlet Temperature ◽  
Ground Source Heat Pump ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Drainage Systems ◽  
Ground Source ◽  
Urban Drainage Systems ◽  
The Impact

Land-use change due to rapid urbanization poses a threat to urban environments, which are in need of multifunctional green solutions to face complex future socio-ecological and climate scenarios. Urban regeneration strategies, bringing green infrastructure, are currently using sustainable urban drainage systems to exploit the provision of ecosystem services and their wider benefits. The link between food, energy and water depicts a technological knowledge gap, represented by previous attempts to investigate the combination between ground source heat pump and permeable pavement systems. This research aims to transfer these concepts into greener sustainable urban drainage systems like wet swales. A 1:2 scaled laboratory models were built and analysed under a range of ground source heat pump temperatures (20–50 °C). Behavioral models of vertical and inlet/outlet temperature difference within the system were developed, achieving high R2, representing the first attempt to describe the thermal performance of wet swales in literature when designed alongside ground source heat pump elements. Statistical analyses showed the impact of ambient temperature and the heating source at different scales in all layers, as well as, the resilience to heating processes, recovering their initial thermal state within 16 h after the heating stage.

A planning framework for sustainable urban drainage systems

Water Policy ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 865-886 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ole Fryd ◽  
Torben Dam ◽  
Marina Bergen Jensen
Keyword(s):  
Urban Drainage ◽  
Integrated Planning ◽  
Drainage Systems ◽  
Spatial Strategies ◽  
Planning And Design ◽  
Time Space ◽  
Planning Framework ◽  
The Social ◽  
Biophysical Processes ◽  
Urban Drainage Systems

Sustainable urban drainage systems (SUDS) call for collaborative and interdisciplinary practices. The problem with this is the social and technical complexities involved, and the absence of a shared understanding of the challenge and the scope of integrated solutions. It is necessary to clarify the contributions and interactions between disciplines in order to achieve integrated planning and design of SUDS. This paper reviews the literature across disciplinary fields and outlines key messages and uncertainties within each discipline. The outcome is a framework comprising time, space and human values, as well as biophysical processes (e.g. engineering), spatial strategies (e.g. urban design) and adaptive strategies (e.g. management). It identifies the planning of SUDS as a collective learning process with continuous iterations between disciplines, while also reflecting the past, present and future of a specific site.

A stochastic approach for automatic generation of urban drainage systems

2009 ◽  
Vol 59 (6) ◽  
pp. 1137-1143 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Möderl ◽  
D. Butler ◽  
W. Rauch
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Real World ◽  
Drainage System ◽  
Stochastic Approach ◽  
Automatic Generation ◽  
Urban Drainage ◽  
Sewer System ◽  
Urban Drainage System ◽  
Drainage Systems ◽  
Urban Drainage Systems

Typically, performance evaluation of new developed methodologies is based on one or more case studies. The investigation of multiple real world case studies is tedious and time consuming. Moreover extrapolating conclusions from individual investigations to a general basis is arguable and sometimes even wrong. In this article a stochastic approach is presented to evaluate new developed methodologies on a broader basis. For the approach the Matlab-tool “Case Study Generator” is developed which generates a variety of different virtual urban drainage systems automatically using boundary conditions e.g. length of urban drainage system, slope of catchment surface, etc. as input. The layout of the sewer system is based on an adapted Galton-Watson branching process. The sub catchments are allocated considering a digital terrain model. Sewer system components are designed according to standard values. In total, 10,000 different virtual case studies of urban drainage system are generated and simulated. Consequently, simulation results are evaluated using a performance indicator for surface flooding. Comparison between results of the virtual and two real world case studies indicates the promise of the method. The novelty of the approach is that it is possible to get more general conclusions in contrast to traditional evaluations with few case studies.

scholarly journals Multi-objective rehabilitation of urban drainage systems under uncertainties

2014 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 1044-1061 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Vojinovic ◽  
S. Sahlu ◽  
A. S. Torres ◽  
S. D. Seyoum ◽  
F. Anvarifar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Population Growth ◽  
Urban Drainage ◽  
Drainage Systems ◽  
Multi Objective ◽  
Damage Costs ◽  
Urban Drainage Systems ◽  
Input Parameters ◽  
Intervention Costs ◽  
Growth And Aging

Urban drainage systems are subject to many drivers which can affect their performance and functioning. Typically, climate change, urbanisation and population growth along with aging of pipes may lead to uncontrollable discharges and surface flooding. So far, many researchers and practitioners concerned with optimal design and rehabilitation of urban drainage systems have applied deterministic approaches which treat input parameters as fixed values. However, due to the variety of uncertainties associated with input parameters, such approaches can easily lead to either over-dimensioning or under-dimensioning of drainage networks. The present paper deals with such issues and describes a methodology that has been developed to accommodate the effects of uncertainties into the design and rehabilitation of drainage systems. The paper presents a methodology that can take into account uncertainties from climate change, urbanisation, population growth and aging of pipes. The methodology is applied and tested on a case study of Dhaka, Bangladesh. The urban drainage network optimisation problem is posed as a multi-objective problem for which the objective functions are formulated to minimise damage costs and intervention costs. Two approaches were evaluated and the results show that both approaches are capable of identifying optimal Pareto fronts.

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