scholarly journals Enhanced modelling and experimental validation of ultra-Low pressure reverse osmosis (ULPRO) membrane system for treatment of synthetic brackish water

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saffa Syamimi Norizam ◽  
Mohd Azlan Hussain ◽  
Mohd Usman Mohd Junaidi
Keyword(s):  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
Brackish Water ◽  
Membrane System ◽  
Low Pressure ◽  
Chloride Salt ◽  
Water Recovery ◽  
Salt Rejection ◽  
Feed Pressure ◽  
Input Variables ◽  
Water Scarce

Abstract Water purification from brackish water sources has been acknowledged as one of the most promising ways in producing drinkable water in water-scarce areas. In this study, an ultra-low pressure reverse osmosis (ULPRO) membrane was numerically and experimentally investigated to produce drinking water by the removal of sodium chloride salt which provides further validation of the model from a practical perspective. An enhanced predictive model based on Donnan-Steric Pore Model with dielectric exclusion (DSPM-DE) incorporating the osmotic effects was formulated in process simulation. The feed pressure and concentration were optimized as input variables and interaction between them was observed, while salt rejection and water recovery rate were taken as response attributes. The results obtained on the ULPRO membrane showed that the performance depends on the charge, steric, and dielectric effects. Furthermore, the enhanced model was validated with the experimental data attained from a lab-scale filtration system with good accuracy in the salt rejection and water recovery results. Comparing the enhanced DSPM-DE with the existing solution diffusion model reveals that the enhanced model predicts the membrane performance better and thereby qualifies itself as a reliable model for desalination of brackish water using ULPRO membrane.

Optimization and economic analysis for a small scale nanofiltration and reverse osmosis water desalination system

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 1027-1033 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manoj Chandra Garg ◽  
Himanshu Joshi
Keyword(s):  
Predictive Model ◽  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
Brackish Water ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Specific Energy Consumption ◽  
Water Desalination ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Water Recovery ◽  
Salt Rejection ◽  
Validation Experiment

This paper presents the results of a techno-economic investigation of a nanofiltration (NF) and reverse osmosis (RO) process for treating brackish water. Optimization experiments of six commercially available small scale RO and NF membranes were carried out using formulated artificial groundwater. A predictive model was developed by using response surface methodology (RSM) for optimization of input process parameters of brackish water membrane processes to simultaneously maximize water recovery and salt rejection while minimizing energy demand. A predictive model using multiple response optimization revealed that CSM RO and NF250 membranes showed the optimal efficiency with 20.24% and 18.98% water recovery, 90.22% and 70.64% salt rejection and 17.87 kWh/m3 and 9.35 kWh/m3 of specific energy consumption (SEC), respectively. Furthermore, confirmation of RSM predictions was carried out by an artificial neural network (ANN) model trained by RSM experimental data. Predicted values by both RSM and ANN modeling methodologies were compared and found within the acceptable range. Finally, a membrane validation experiment was carried out successfully at proposed optimal conditions, which proved the accuracy of the employed RSM and ANN models. Detailed analyses of the economic assessment showed that the recovery rate can play a major role in reducing the cost of a membrane system.

Intrinsic properties and performances of NF270 and XLE membranes for water filtration

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 186-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. N. Diop ◽  
M. A. Diallo ◽  
C. K. Diawara ◽  
D. Cot
Keyword(s):  
Zeta Potential ◽  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
Low Pressure ◽  
Separation Performance ◽  
Permeability Evolution ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Feed Pressure ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Membrane Characterization ◽  
Drinking Water Production

Nanofiltration and low pressure reverse osmosis membranes are well-known in the field of drinking water production and their separation performance is very strongly related to their intrinsic characteristics. The membrane characterization (scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), zeta potential …) was realized on a NF270 and extra-low energy (XLE) membrane. SEM results of virgin NF270 and XLE membranes show that both are about the same thickness whereas that of the active layer of NF270 membrane is weaker than that of the XLE. The AFM measurements show that the roughness of the low pressure reverse osmosis membrane (XLE) is almost 20 times as high as that of nanofiltration (NF270). Zeta potential measurements showed that both membranes are negatively charged in pH (4–12) range. An increase in permeability by increasing feed pressure and temperature was also noted for the two types of membrane; but the permeability evolution for XLE membrane according to the volume factor reduction reveals a fall faster than that of NF270.

Application of ultra low pressure reverse osmosis (ULPRO) membrane to water and wastewater

2000 ◽  
Vol 42 (12) ◽  
pp. 123-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Ozaki ◽  
K. Sharma ◽  
W. Saktaywin ◽  
D. Wang ◽  
Y. Yu
Keyword(s):  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
Brackish Water ◽  
Energy Requirement ◽  
Active Surface ◽  
Low Pressure ◽  
Arid Zones ◽  
Disinfection Byproduct ◽  
Surface Water Treatment ◽  
Cost Of Energy ◽  
The Cost

There is a worldwide grave concern about water pollution control. To mitigate the water scarcity, in arid zones and in the areas with no other sources but brackish water, reverse osmosis technology has played an important role. In an effort to reduce the cost of energy requirement for RO operation, nanofiltration has been developed. Until recently the nanofiltration has been used in water softening and removal of disinfection byproduct (DBO). Use of nanofiltration to desalinate brackish water has been ruled out due to low rejection of salts. The introduction of ultra-low pressure reverse osmosis membrane, categorically a nanofiltration, has widened the horizon of using the nanofiltration in desalinating brackish water as well as surfacewater and wastewater. This development ensures the increase in flux due to improvement in active surface layer formation with the application of very small pressure. The surface charge and hydrophilicity on the surface material of the membrane have shown better flux stability in the high fouling conditions. With the addition of higher flux and higher rejection based on the same chemistry, ULPRO has made another step forward. This introduction will certainly reduce the operation cost and, more importantly, improve the overall reliability of the RO system. Application of nanofiltration is broadened to surface water treatment, wastewaters for nutrient removal and heavy metal rejection from wastewater.

A novel implementation of water recovery from whey: “forward–reverse osmosis” integrated membrane system

2013 ◽  
Vol 51 (4-6) ◽  
pp. 786-799 ◽  
Author(s):  
Coskun Aydiner ◽  
Semra Topcu ◽  
Caner Tortop ◽  
Ferihan Kuvvet ◽  
Didem Ekinci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
Membrane System ◽  
Water Recovery

scholarly journals Development of low pressure reverse osmosis membrane for desalination process

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul Rahman Hassan ◽  
Al Dabbaas Khuzama Mansoor A ◽  
Nor Azirah Sulaiman ◽  
Nurul Hannan Mohd Safari ◽  
Sabariah Rozali
Keyword(s):  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl Sulphate ◽  
Brackish Water ◽  
Pure Water ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Low Pressure ◽  
Real Problem ◽  
Sustainable Solutions ◽  
Water Permeation ◽  
Sds Surfactant

Water shortage has become a real problem at global level and therefore, new and innovative technologies were established to provide sustainable solutions to water crisis. One of the effective approaches to resolve the global challenges is introducing the membrane-based desalination. Reverse Osmosis (RO) is a pressure driven membrane process which becoming increasingly popular and widely used for water purification applications that require high salt rejection such as brackish and seawater desalination. In this study, the influence of Sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) surfactant in producing the finest membrane for desalination were investigated in terms of performance, morphological structure and molecular orientation. From a polymer blending of polysulfone (PSF)/N-Methyl-2-Pyrrolidone (NMP)/polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)/sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) were formulated for making of low pressure reverse osmosis (LPRO) membrane. In order to examine the influence of SDS surfactant, different concentration from 0 wt% to 3 wt% were employed for desalination application of 10,000ppm (brackish water) and 50 000ppm (seawater). Experimental data showed that the increasing of 0.5wt% in surfactant produced higher pure water permeation (PWP) and flux. At 2.5wt% of SDS, the LPRO membranes showed the highest PWP of about 44.8L/m2h and brackish water flux at 45.58L/m2h. Meanwhile, at 3.0wt%, the highest flux of seawater at 39.37L/m2h was obtained. Moreover, the optimized LPRO (2wt% of SDS) membrane performed high rejection ratio of 90.9% for brackish water and 90.4% for seawater concentration of 10,000ppm and 50,000ppm, respectively. Therefore, the findings revealed that the fabricated LPRO membrane having a good potential to be used as eco-efficient desalination process of brackish water and seawater technology.

Intermediate concentrate demineralization techniques for enhanced brackish water reverse osmosis water recovery – A review

Desalination ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 466 ◽  
pp. 24-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xianhui Li ◽  
David Hasson ◽  
Raphael Semiat ◽  
Hilla Shemer
Keyword(s):  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
Brackish Water ◽  
Water Recovery
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