Low-Temperature Oxidation Catalyst Development Supporting Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition Development: Final Report

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth G. Rappe ◽  
Darrell R. Herling ◽  
Jonathan L. Male ◽  
Liyu Li ◽  
Yu Su ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition ◽  
Oxidation Catalyst ◽  
Final Report ◽  
Compression Ignition ◽  
Low Temperature Oxidation ◽  
Temperature Oxidation ◽  
Catalyst Development ◽  
Homogeneous Charge

Combustion control and operating range expansion in an homogeneous charge compression ignition engine with direct in-cylinder injection of reaction inhibitors

2005 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 341-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Ogawa ◽  
N Miyamoto ◽  
N Kaneko ◽  
H Ando
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition ◽  
Water Injection ◽  
Combustion Efficiency ◽  
Compression Ignition ◽  
Low Temperature Oxidation ◽  
Temperature Oxidation ◽  
Operating Range ◽  
Rapid Combustion ◽  
Charge Temperature

Light naphtha, which exhibits two-stage ignition, was induced from the intake manifold and water or a low-ignitability fuel, which does not exhibit low temperature oxidation, was directly injected early in the compression stroke for ignition suppression in an homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) engine. Their quantitative balance was flexibly controlled to optimize ignition timing according to operating conditions. Ultra-low NOx and smokeless combustion without knocking or misfiring was realized over a wide operating range with water or alcohol injection. The water injection significantly reduced the low-temperature oxidation, which suppressed the increase in charge temperature and the rapid combustion caused by the high-temperature oxidation. Rapid combustion was suppressed by reductions in the maximum in-cylinder gas temperature due to water injection while the combustion efficiency suffered. Therefore, the maximum charge temperature needs to be controlled within an extremely limited range to maintain a satisfactory compromise between mild combustion and high combustion efficiency. Alcohols inhibit low-temperature oxidation more strongly than other oxygenated or unoxygenated hydrocarbons, water, and hydrogen. Chemical kinetic modelling with methanol showed a reduction of OH radical before the onset of low-temperature oxidation, and this may be the main mechanism by which alcohols inhibit low-temperature oxidation.

scholarly journals Influence of gas composition on the combustion and efficiency of a homogeneous charge compression ignition engine system fuelled with methanol reformed gases

2008 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 399-408 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Shudo
Keyword(s):  
Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Compression Ignition ◽  
Compression Ignition Engine ◽  
Temperature Oxidation ◽  
Hcci Engine ◽  
Recovery Capacity ◽  
Exhaust Heat ◽  
Engine System ◽  
Homogeneous Charge

A homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) engine system fuelled with dimethyl ether (DME) and methanol-reformed gas (MRG), both produced from methanol by onboard reformers using exhaust heat, has been proposed in previous research. Adjusting the proportions of DME and MRG with different ignition properties effectively controlled the ignition timing and load in HCCI combustion. The use of the single liquid fuel, methanol, also eliminates the inconvenience of carrying two fuels while maintaining the effective ignition control effect. Because reactions producing DME and MRG from methanol are endothermic, a part of the exhaust gas heat energy can be recovered during the fuel reforming. Methanol can be reformed into various compositions of hydrogen, carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide. The present paper aims to establish the optimum MRG composition for the system in terms of ignition control and overall efficiency. The results show that an increased hydrogen fraction in MRG retards the onset of high-temperature oxidation and permits operation with higher equivalence ratios. However, the MRG composition affects the engine efficiency only a little, and the MRG produced by the thermal decomposition having the best waste-heat recovery capacity brings the highest overall thermal efficiency in the HCCI engine system fuelled with DME and MRG.

scholarly journals A Review on Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition and Low Temperature Combustion by Optical Diagnostics

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chao Jin ◽  
Zunqing Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Chemical Reaction ◽  
Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition ◽  
Optical Diagnostics ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Low Temperature Combustion ◽  
Compression Ignition ◽  
Temperature Combustion ◽  
Homogeneous Charge

Optical diagnostics is an effective method to understand the physical and chemical reaction processes in homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) and low temperature combustion (LTC) modes. Based on optical diagnostics, the true process on mixing, combustion, and emissions can be seen directly. In this paper, the mixing process by port-injection and direct-injection are reviewed firstly. Then, the combustion chemical reaction mechanism is reviewed based on chemiluminescence, natural-luminosity, and laser diagnostics. After, the evolution of pollutant emissions measured by different laser diagnostic methods is reviewed and the measured species including NO, soot, UHC, and CO. Finally, a summary and the future directions on HCCI and LTC used optical diagnostics are presented.

Mass spectrometric characterization of performance of a low-temperature oxidation catalyst

1990 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 389-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen C. Hsu ◽  
Charles S. Dulcey ◽  
James S. Horwitz ◽  
Ming C. Lin
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Mass Spectrometric ◽  
Oxidation Catalyst ◽  
Low Temperature Oxidation ◽  
Temperature Oxidation

Numerical Simulation of the Effect of Ethanol on Diesel HCCI Combustion Using Multi-Zone Model

2012 ◽  
Vol 229-231 ◽  
pp. 78-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Su Wei Zhu ◽  
Chun Mei Wang ◽  
Ye Jian Qian ◽  
Li Jun Ou ◽  
Hui Chun Wang
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Zone Model ◽  
Compression Ignition ◽  
Low Temperature Oxidation ◽  
Temperature Oxidation ◽  
Hcci Combustion ◽  
Active Intermediate ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Homogenous Charge Compression Ignition ◽  
Heat Released

This study investigates the potential of controlling diesel homogenous charge compression ignition (HCCI) combustion by blending ethanol, which inhibits low temperature oxidation offering the possibility to control ignition in HCCI combustion. The simulation results from a multi-zone model show that the ethanol reduces the key active intermediate radicals OH, CH2O, H2O2, delays the low temperature oxidation reaction (LTR), reduces the heat released during LTR stage. As a result, it retards the main combustion stage.

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