scholarly journals Energetics and kinetics of anaerobic aromatic and fatty acid degradation

1992 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.J. McInerney
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Degradation ◽  
Acid Degradation ◽  
Kinetics Of

Kinetics of fatty acid degradation by psychrophilically grown anaerobic granular sludge

1999 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 241-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salih Rebac ◽  
Sybren Gerbens ◽  
Piet Lens ◽  
Jules B. van Lier ◽  
Alfons J.M. Stams ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Granular Sludge ◽  
Anaerobic Granular Sludge ◽  
Fatty Acid Degradation ◽  
Acid Degradation ◽  
Kinetics Of

scholarly journals Engineering the Monomer Composition of Polyhydroxyalkanoates Synthesized in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

2006 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 536-543 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Zhang ◽  
Ross Carlson ◽  
Friedrich Srienc
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Chain Length ◽  
Fatty Acid Metabolism ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Pha Synthase ◽  
Fatty Acid Degradation ◽  
Medium Chain ◽  
Acid Degradation ◽  
Wide Range

ABSTRACT Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) have received considerable interest as renewable-resource-based, biodegradable, and biocompatible plastics with a wide range of potential applications. We have engineered the synthesis of PHA polymers composed of monomers ranging from 4 to 14 carbon atoms in either the cytosol or the peroxisome of Saccharomyces cerevisiae by harnessing intermediates of fatty acid metabolism. Cytosolic PHA production was supported by establishing in the cytosol critical β-oxidation chemistries which are found natively in peroxisomes. This platform was utilized to supply medium-chain (C6 to C14) PHA precursors from both fatty acid degradation and synthesis to a cytosolically expressed medium-chain-length (mcl) polymerase from Pseudomonas oleovorans. Synthesis of short-chain-length PHAs (scl-PHAs) was established in the peroxisome of a wild-type yeast strain by targeting the Ralstonia eutropha scl polymerase to the peroxisome. This strain, harboring a peroxisomally targeted scl-PHA synthase, accumulated PHA up to approximately 7% of its cell dry weight. These results indicate (i) that S. cerevisiae expressing a cytosolic mcl-PHA polymerase or a peroxisomal scl-PHA synthase can use the 3-hydroxyacyl coenzyme A intermediates from fatty acid metabolism to synthesize PHAs and (ii) that fatty acid degradation is also possible in the cytosol as β-oxidation might not be confined only to the peroxisomes. Polymers of even-numbered, odd-numbered, or a combination of even- and odd-numbered monomers can be controlled by feeding the appropriate substrates. This ability should permit the rational design and synthesis of polymers with desired material properties.

TetR-family transcriptional repressor Thermus thermophilus FadR controls fatty acid degradation

Microbiology ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 157 (6) ◽  
pp. 1589-1601 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshihiro Agari ◽  
Kazuko Agari ◽  
Keiko Sakamoto ◽  
Seiki Kuramitsu ◽  
Akeo Shinkai
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Thermus Thermophilus ◽  
Acyl Chain ◽  
Metabolic Energy ◽  
Straight Chain ◽  
Fatty Acid Degradation ◽  
Acid Degradation

In the extremely thermophilic bacterium Thermus thermophilus HB8, one of the four TetR-family transcriptional regulators, which we named T. thermophilus FadR, negatively regulated the expression of several genes, including those involved in fatty acid degradation, both in vivo and in vitro. T. thermophilus FadR repressed the expression of the target genes by binding pseudopalindromic sequences covering the predicted −10 hexamers of their promoters, and medium-to-long straight-chain (C10–18) fatty acyl-CoA molecules were effective for transcriptional derepression. An X-ray crystal structure analysis revealed that T. thermophilus FadR bound one lauroyl (C12)-CoA molecule per FadR monomer, with its acyl chain moiety in the centre of the FadR molecule, enclosed within a tunnel-like substrate-binding pocket surrounded by hydrophobic residues, and the CoA moiety interacting with basic residues on the protein surface. The growth of T. thermophilus HB8, with palmitic acid as the sole carbon source, increased the expression of FadR-regulated genes. These results indicate that in T. thermophilus HB8, medium-to-long straight-chain fatty acids can be used for metabolic energy under the control of FadR, although the major fatty acids found in this strain are iso- and anteiso-branched-chain (C15 and 17) fatty acids.

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