scholarly journals Growth and ectomycorrhizal colonization of ponderosa pine seedlings supplied different levels of atmospheric CO{sub 2} and soil N and P

1998 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.F. Walker ◽  
D.W. Johnson ◽  
D.R. Geisinger ◽  
J.T. Ball
Keyword(s):  
Ponderosa Pine ◽  
Soil N ◽  
Pine Seedlings ◽  
Ectomycorrhizal Colonization ◽  
Different Levels

scholarly journals Evaluation of Physical Barriers to Protect Ponderosa Pine Seedlings from Pocket Gophers

1999 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 164-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Pipas ◽  
Gary W. Witmer
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Ponderosa ◽  
Ponderosa Pine ◽  
Seedling Mortality ◽  
Pocket Gophers ◽  
Thomomys Talpoides ◽  
Pine Seedlings ◽  
Physical Barriers ◽  
Growth Of Seedlings ◽  
Medium Weight ◽  
Better Than

Abstract A 2 yr study on the Rogue River and Mt. Hood National Forests in Oregon evaluated physical barriers for protection of Pinus ponderosa seedlings against damage by Thomomys talpoides. Seedlings protected with one of three weights of: (1) plastic mesh tubing (Vexar®) or (2) sandpapertubing (Durite®) were evaluated against control seedlings. On the Rogue River sites, Vexar® seedlings had the highest survival (62.6%), followed by the controls (59.1%), then Durite® seedlings (17.9%). Gophers were the primary cause of death for the Vexar® seedlings, versus desiccation for the Durite® seedlings. On the Mt. Hood sites, heavyweight Vexar® seedlings had the highest survival (35.4%), medium-weight Durite® seedlings the lowest (2.7%). Seedling mortality caused by gophers was highest for controls (70.2%), followed by light-weight (62.2%) and heavy-weight (53.9%) Vexar® treatments. Overall survival was low (Rogue River = 42%, Mt. Hood = 19.8%). Growth was greatest for the control seedlings but only significantly greater than growth of Durite® seedlings on the Rogue River sites. Growth of seedlings was not compromised by the Vexar® tubing. Although neither type of tubing was highly protective, Vexar® tubes performed better than Durite® tubes. West. J. Appl. For. 14(3):164-168.

scholarly journals A Comparative Study of the Pathogenicity of Fusarium circinatum and other Fusarium Species in Polish Provenances of P. sylvestris L.

Forests ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 560 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kateryna Davydenko ◽  
Justyna Nowakowska ◽  
Tomasz Kaluski ◽  
Magdalena Gawlak ◽  
Katarzyna Sadowska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Scots Pine ◽  
Fungal Pathogen ◽  
Fusarium Species ◽  
Pitch Canker ◽  
Fusarium Circinatum ◽  
Northern Spain ◽  
Fusarium Spp ◽  
Pine Seedlings ◽  
Unintentional Introduction ◽  
Different Levels

The fungal pathogen Fusarium circinatum is the causal agent of Pine Pitch Canker (PPC), a disease which seriously affects different species of pine in forests and nurseries worldwide. In Europe, the fungus affects pines in northern Spain and Portugal, and it has also been detected in France and Italy. Here, we report the findings of the first trial investigating the susceptibility of Polish provenances of Scots pine, Pinus sylvestris L., to infection by F. circinatum. In a greenhouse experiment, 16 Polish provenances of Scots pine were artificially inoculated with F. circinatum and with six other Fusarium species known to infect pine seedlings in nurseries. All pines proved highly susceptible to PPC and displayed different levels of susceptibility to the other Fusarium spp. tested. The findings obtained indicate the potentially strong threat of establishment of an invasive pathogen such as F. circinatum following unintentional introduction into Poland.

Effect of Bearmat (Chamaebatia foliolosa) on Soil Moisture and Ponderosa Pine (Pinus ponderosa) Growth

Weed Science ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 98-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
John C. Tappeiner ◽  
Steven R. Radosevich
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Pinus Ponderosa ◽  
Ponderosa Pine ◽  
Tree Height ◽  
Wood Production ◽  
Pine Seedlings ◽  
Survival And Growth ◽  
Dichlorophenoxy Acetic Acid

An experiment was established in 1961 to determine the influence of bearmat (Chamaebatia foliolosa Benth.) competition on ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa Laws.) survival and growth. Ponderosa pine seedlings were planted in bearmat which was: (A) untreated, (B) sprayed with a mixture of 2,4-D [(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)acetic acid] and 2,4,5-T [(2,4,5-trichlorophenoxy)acetic acid], and (C) eliminated by a combination of herbicide, clipping sprouts, and trenching to prevent root and rhizome invasion. Ponderosa pine survival after 19 yr averaged 9%, 66%, and 90%, respectively, for the three treatments. Tree height after 19 yr averaged 1.6, 1.9, and 5.7 m for treatments A, B, and C, respectively. Soil moisture use was initially less on the herbicide-treated than on the untreated plots, but bearmat quickly sprouted after application to compete with the pine seedlings for moisture. After 19 yr the bearmat was more dense and appeared to be more vigorous on the sprayed plots than on those receiving no treatment. We estimate that 75% reduction in net wood production could result after 50 yr on this site from bearmat competition.

Enriched atmospheric CO 2 and soil P effects on growth and ectomycorrhizal colonization of juvenile ponderosa pine

1995 ◽  
Vol 78 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 207-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.F. Walker ◽  
D.R. Geisinger ◽  
D.W. Johnson ◽  
J.T. Ball
Keyword(s):  
Ponderosa Pine ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Ectomycorrhizal Colonization

scholarly journals Naturally Seeded versus Planted Ponderosa Pine Seedlings in Group-Selection Openings

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip M. McDonald ◽  
Gary Fiddler ◽  
Martin Ritchie ◽  
Paula Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Plant Community ◽  
Ponderosa Pine ◽  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
Group Selection ◽  
Average Density ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
Diameter Growth ◽  
Pine Seedlings ◽  
Survival And Growth

Abstract The purpose of this article was to determine whether natural regeneration or planted seedlings should be used in group-selection openings. The answer depends on the survival and growth rate of both types of seedlings, and that could depend on the size of the openings and the effect of trees on their edge. In this side-by-side study, the natural pine seedlings originated from the 1988 seed crop and the 1–0 nursery-grown seedlings were outplanted in spring 1989. Openings ranged from 0.01 to 0.65 ha. The plant community consisted of many species of shrubs, forbs, and grasses with manzanita having the highest density and greatest development. After 9 years, manzanita had an average density of 13,870 plants/ha, 2,050 m2/ha of foliar cover, and was 125 cm tall. From 1990 to 1997, planted ponderosa pine seedlings were taller (P < 0.05) than natural seedlings, and from 1995 to 1997, mean stem diameter at 30 cm of planted seedlings was larger than natural counterparts (P < 0.05). Development for 1 year in the nursery apparently gave the planted seedlings a growth advantage over the natural seedlings. For natural seedlings, distance from opening edge had little effect on pine height or diameter growth regardless of opening size. Planted seedlings, however, appeared to increase in height and diameter growth with both opening size and distance from edge.

Genetically Improved Ponderosa Pine Seedlings Outgrow Nursery-Run Seedlings with and without Competition—Early Findings

1994 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip M. McDonald ◽  
Gary O. Fiddler ◽  
Jay H. Kitzmiller
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Ponderosa ◽  
Ponderosa Pine ◽  
Northern California ◽  
Stem Height ◽  
Herbaceous Vegetation ◽  
Competing Vegetation ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Pine Seedlings ◽  
Genetically Improved

Abstract Three classes of ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) seedlings (nursery-run, wind-pollinated, control-pollinated) were evaluated for stem height and diameter at the USDA Forest Service's Placerville Nursery and the Georgetown Ranger District in northern California. Pines in all three classes were grown with competing vegetation or maintained in a free-to-grow condition. Control-pollinated seedlings were statistically taller (P < 0.05) than nursery-run counterparts when outplanted, and after 1 and 2 growing seasons in the field with and without competition. They also had significantly larger diameters when outplanted and after 2 growing seasons in the field when free to grow. Wind-pollinated seedlings grew taller than nursery-run seedlings when free to grow. A large amount of competing vegetation [bearclover (Chamaebatia foliolosa)—29,490 plants per acre; herbaceous vegetation—11,500; hardwood sprouts—233; and whiteleaf manzanita (Arctostaphylos viscida) seedlings—100] ensure that future pine development will be tested rigorously. West. J. Appl. For. 9(2):00-00.

scholarly journals Provenance Geographical and Climatic Characteristics Influence Budburst Phenology of Southwestern Ponderosa Pine Seedlings

Forests ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1067
Author(s):  
Aalap Dixit ◽  
Thomas Kolb ◽  
Owen Burney
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Ponderosa ◽  
Ponderosa Pine ◽  
Common Garden ◽  
Elevational Gradient ◽  
High Elevation ◽  
Mean Annual Precipitation ◽  
Positive Trend ◽  
Provenance Variation ◽  
Pine Seedlings ◽  
Budburst Phenology

Ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa Lawson & C. Lawson var. scopulorum Engelm.) forests of the southwestern US are threatened by climate change and deforestation. Information about geographic patterns of provenance variation in budburst phenology is needed to make decisions about selecting seed sources for future planting. In this study, provenance variation in the budburst phenology of ponderosa pine seedlings was examined using common garden studies. Seedlings from 21 provenances, representing an elevational gradient in Arizona and New Mexico, were planted in July 2018 at a ponderosa pine-dominated field site in northern Arizona. Field budburst was monitored weekly on all seedlings in the spring of 2019. Field budburst was compared with budburst timing of the same provenances measured under greenhouse conditions. The hypotheses for this study were that (1) budburst varies among provenances, with earlier budburst in low-elevation provenances, and (2) differences in budburst timing among provenances are consistent for seedlings grown in greenhouse and field environments. Field results show that provenances vary in budburst date and that low- and middle-elevation provenances break bud sooner than high-elevation provenances. Field budburst date had a moderate, positive correlation with provenance mean annual precipitation (r = 0.522) and a moderate, negative trend with latitude (r = −0.413). Budburst date of provenances in the greenhouse had a moderate, positive trend with budburst date in the field (r = 0.554), suggesting application of greenhouse results to field plantings. Such information about provenance variation and environmental and geographic trends in budburst timing will be useful for developing species-specific seed transfer guidelines and effective assisted migration strategies in a changing climate.

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