Review of the biological activity of maslinic acid1

: Since the discovery of (2α,3β)-2,3-dihydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic acid, also known as maslinic acid, many studies have examined its biological activity, which has been shown to promote health and resist various diseases. This article focuses on previous research on maslinic acid and mainly reviews its reported effects on cardiovascular diseases, neuroprotection, diabetes, cancer, inflammation, and pathogens. Maslinic acid exerts positive effects on both cell and animal models of disease. Although its mechanism of action has not yet been completely elucidated, maslinic acid is feasible as a nutritional additive and has the potential to be developed as a drug.

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Animal Models of Cardiovascular Diseases

Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology ◽

10.1155/2011/497841 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 2011 ◽

pp. 1-13 ◽

Cited By ~ 166

Author(s):

Carlos Zaragoza ◽

Carmen Gomez-Guerrero ◽

Jose Luis Martin-Ventura ◽

Luis Blanco-Colio ◽

Begoña Lavin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heart Failure ◽

Cardiovascular Diseases ◽

Animal Models ◽

Developed Countries ◽

Cardiovascular Complications ◽

Cardiac Diseases ◽

Animal Models Of Disease ◽

Wide Range ◽

Genetic And Environmental Factors ◽

Models Of Disease

Cardiovascular diseases are the first leading cause of death and morbidity in developed countries. The use of animal models have contributed to increase our knowledge, providing new approaches focused to improve the diagnostic and the treatment of these pathologies. Several models have been developed to address cardiovascular complications, including atherothrombotic and cardiac diseases, and the same pathology have been successfully recreated in different species, including small and big animal models of disease. However, genetic and environmental factors play a significant role in cardiovascular pathophysiology, making difficult to match a particular disease, with a single experimental model. Therefore, no exclusive method perfectly recreates the human complication, and depending on the model, additional considerations of cost, infrastructure, and the requirement for specialized personnel, should also have in mind. Considering all these facts, and depending on the budgets available, models should be selected that best reproduce the disease being investigated. Here we will describe models of atherothrombotic diseases, including expanding and occlusive animal models, as well as models of heart failure. Given the wide range of models available, today it is possible to devise the best strategy, which may help us to find more efficient and reliable solutions against human cardiovascular diseases.

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Animal models of disease: preclinical to clinical gene therapy translatability

Cell and Gene Therapy Insights ◽

10.18609/cgti.2021.016 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 9-19

Author(s):

Erika Matsumoto Plata ◽

Carlos R Plata-Salamán

Keyword(s):

Gene Therapy ◽

Animal Models ◽

Animal Models Of Disease ◽

Clinical Gene Therapy ◽

Models Of Disease

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Super-Enhancer-Associated Transcription Factors Maintain Transcriptional Regulation in Mature Podocytes

Journal of the American Society of Nephrology ◽

10.1681/asn.2020081177 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. ASN.2020081177

Author(s):

Jingping Yang ◽

Difei Zhang ◽

Masaru Motojima ◽

Tsutomu Kume ◽

Qing Hou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Transcriptional Regulation ◽

Transcription Factors ◽

Animal Models ◽

Cell Fate ◽

Control Cell ◽

Transgenic Animal ◽

Animal Models Of Disease ◽

Super Enhancer ◽

Models Of Disease ◽

Human Glomerulus

BackgroundTranscriptional programs control cell fate, and identifying their components is critical for understanding diseases caused by cell lesion, such as podocytopathy. Although many transcription factors (TFs) are necessary for cell-state maintenance in glomeruli, their roles in transcriptional regulation are not well understood.MethodsThe distribution of H3K27ac histones in human glomerulus cells was analyzed to identify superenhancer-associated TFs, and ChIP-seq and transcriptomics were performed to elucidate the regulatory roles of the TFs. Transgenic animal models of disease were further investigated to confirm the roles of specific TFs in podocyte maintenance.ResultsSuperenhancer distribution revealed a group of potential TFs in core regulatory circuits in human glomerulus cells, including FOXC1/2, WT1, and LMX1B. Integration of transcriptome and cistrome data of FOXC1/2 in mice resolved transcriptional regulation in podocyte maintenance. FOXC1/2 regulated differentiation-associated transcription in mature podocytes. In both humans and animal models, mature podocyte injury was accompanied by deregulation of FOXC1/2 expression, and FOXC1/2 overexpression could protect podocytes in zebrafish.ConclusionsFOXC1/2 maintain podocyte differentiation through transcriptional stabilization. The genome-wide chromatin resources support further investigation of TFs’ regulatory roles in glomeruli transcription programs.

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