Aqueous extract of Cola nitida and Garcinia kola synergistically enhances hippocampal-hypothalamic glutamate and Na+/K+-ATPase activity in male Wistar rats

Background: The incidence of cognitive decline has been proposed to rise exponentially in coming years. Therapies targeting molecular pathways involved in enhancement of memory and energy regulation could be a major breakthrough in prevention or management of dementia in susceptible populations. Objectives: This study investigated the effects of aqueous extracts of Cola nitida (AECONS) and Garcinia kola (AEGAK) on glutamate level and Na+/K+-ATPase activity in the hippocampus and hypothalamus of male Wistar rats. Methods: Adult male Wistar rats (170-200) were randomly allotted into groups (n=5/group); control (distilled water p.o.), AECONS1 (200 mg/kg), AECONS2 (400 mg/kg), AEGAK1 (200 mg/kg), AEGAK2 (400 mg/kg), AECONS1+AEGAK1 and AECONS2+AEGAK2. The extract was prepared and the administration was done daily for 6 weeks. Results and Discussion: Administration of AECONS or AEGAK increased plasma, hippocampal and hypothalamic glutamate, Na+/K+-ATPase activity, NO, SOD except hippocampal glutamate in AECONS1/AEGAK1, Na+/K+-ATPase activity and SOD in AEGAK1, hypothalamic glutamate and SOD in AECONS1 when compared with control. Besides, MDA level decreased in AEGAK2 and hippocampal but not hypothalamic MDA decreased in AEGAK1 compared with control. However, concomitant administration of AECONS and AEGAK enhanced plasma, hippocampal and hypothalamic biomarkers except hypothalamic MDA level. The present study demonstrates that AECONS and AEGAK synergistically enhances hippocampal and hypothalamic glutamate and Na+/K+-ATPase activity, which are accompanied by NO and SOD-dependent antioxidant enrichment. Conclusion: These findings therefore suggest that AECONS+AEGAK could be a better therapeutic candidate in hippocampal-hypothalamic-related neurodegenerative diseases.

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Garcinia Kola Seeds: Is the Aqueous Extract a True Aphrodisiac in Male Wistar Rats?

African Journal of Traditional Complementary and Alternative Medicines ◽

10.4314/ajtcam.v9i4.9 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 9 (4) ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

MT Yakubu ◽

AL Quadri

Keyword(s):

Aqueous Extract ◽

Wistar Rats ◽

Garcinia Kola ◽

Male Wistar Rats

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Effects of Long-Term Administration of Lithium and Hydrochlorothiazide in Rats

Metal-Based Drugs ◽

10.1155/mbd.1999.87 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 87-93 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Felicia Loghin ◽

Adriana Olinic ◽

Daniela-Saveta Popa ◽

Carmen Socaciu ◽

Sorin E. Leucuta

Keyword(s):

Wistar Rats ◽

Histopathological Examination ◽

Concomitant Administration ◽

Histological Changes ◽

Association Group ◽

Term Administration ◽

Male Wistar Rats ◽

Kidney Liver ◽

Lithium Lactate

The biochemical and histological changes following 60 days administration of daily doses equivalent to 1/20 LD50 of lithium lactate and hydrochlorothiazide, as such and in association, were studied in male Wistar rats. No mortality or overt signs of toxicity were observed during the experiment and the serum activities of transaminases, alkaline phosphatase and cholinesterase were not significantly modified compared to controls. The histopathological examination of all the investigated organs: kidney, liver, brain and spleen, revealed significant lesions which were time-dependant and more pronounced in the association group. Although the changes were mostly inflammatory and conqestive, it was proved that the concomitant administration of lithium and hydrochlorothiazid is potentially dangerous, increasing lithium’s nephrotoxicity and the thiazide diuretic's hepatotoxicity.

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Assessment of the Effects of Graded Doses of Polyphenolic-Rich Fraction of Garcinia kola Seeds on Pituitary–Testicular Axis of Male Wistar Rats

Dose-Response ◽

10.1177/1559325817729260 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 15 (4) ◽

pp. 155932581772926 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mosunmola Busayo Omotola ◽

Isaac O. Adeosun ◽

Efere M. Obuotor ◽

Rufus O. Akomolafe ◽

Olugbenga A. Ayannuga

Keyword(s):

Pituitary Gland ◽

Wistar Rats ◽

Seminiferous Tubules ◽

Sodium Arsenate ◽

Group V ◽

Garcinia Kola ◽

Group Iii ◽

Group I ◽

Male Wistar Rats ◽

Cervical Dislocation

This study evaluated the ameliorative and prophylactic effects of 2 different doses of polyphenolic-rich fraction of Garcinia kola (PPRF Gk) seeds on the histology and hormones of pituitary–testicular axis of male Wistar rats. Thirty-five male Wistar rats (150-200 g) were divided into 7 groups of 5 rats each. Groups I and II were given distilled water (0.5 mL/day) for 8 days followed by propylene glycol (0.2 mL/d) and 600 mg/kg of PPRF Gk, respectively, for 21 days. Group III received sodium arsenate (8 days), left untreated for 21 days. Groups IV and V received sodium arsenate (20 mg/kg) for 8 days followed by PPRF Gk (300 and 600 mg/kg, respectively) for 21 days. Groups VI and VII received PPRF Gk (300 and 600 mg/kg, respectively) for 21 days followed by sodium arsenate (20 mg/kg) for 8 days. Rats were killed by cervical dislocation 24 hours after the last dose and their blood collected through cardiac puncture. Blood sera were assayed for the levels of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), and testosterone using immunoassay techniques. Histology of the pituitary gland and testes was carried out. A significant reduction was observed in the concentration of FSH in groups IV, V, VI, and VII in comparison with groups I and II. The concentrations of both LH and testosterone showed significant decreases in groups IV, V, VI, and VII in comparison with group I. Group III presented with the lowest serum hormonal concentrations. Photomicrographs of the pituitary gland revealed greatly reduced basophils in group III and mildly reduced basophils in groups IV, VI, and VII in comparison with groups I and II. Group V revealed hypercellularized and distorted basophils. Photomicrographs of the testes showed detachment of the seminiferous tubules from the basement membrane and disruption of the interstitial space which was worse in group III, moderate in groups V and VI, and mild in group VII. In conclusion, PPRF Gk effected a dose-dependent reversal and prevention of the perturbations caused by arsenate in rats.

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Efficacy of Garcinia kola Seed Ethanolic Extract on Haematological Parameters in Male Wistar Rats

Journal of Advances in Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.9734/jamps/2015/15305 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 10-23 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Denen Atsukwei ◽

Eze Daniel ◽

Samuel Odeh ◽

Moses Adams ◽

Ibrahim Malgwi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Wistar Rats ◽

Ethanolic Extract ◽

Haematological Parameters ◽

Garcinia Kola ◽

Male Wistar Rats

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Analysing the Hypolipidemic Activities of the Tea Extracts of Moringa oleifera, Glycyrrhiza glabra and their Blend at Different Concentrations, Orally Induced on Adult Male Wistar Rats.

International Journal of Pharmacology Phytochemistry and Ethnomedicine ◽

10.18052/www.scipress.com/ijppe.3.76 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 3 ◽

pp. 76-83

Author(s):

Olanrewaju Roland Akinseye

Keyword(s):

Wistar Rats ◽

Moringa Oleifera ◽

Glycyrrhiza Glabra ◽

Atherogenic Index ◽

Simultaneous Increase ◽

Hypolipidemic Effect ◽

Aqueous Extracts ◽

Water Control ◽

Beneficial Effects ◽

Male Wistar Rats

Herbal teas ofMoringa oleifera(Moringa) andGlycyrrhiza glabra(Licorice)were known to have many beneficial effects, their possible hypolipidemic effects were investigated in this paper. Albino wistar rats were fed with aqueous extracts ofM. oleifera,G. glabraand their blend teas(10, 30 and 50 mg/kg.BW/ml). The teas were found to lower the serum cholesterol, triglycerides, VLDL, LDL, and atherogenic index at their higher concentration, but were found to slightly increase the HDL as compared to the corresponding normal healthy rats fed with clean water (control). The phytochemicals screening of the teas aqueous extract were also investigated, the chemicals (tannins, saponins, flavonoids, terpenoids and glycosides) which were known to exhibit cholesterol lowering effect by inhibiting its absorption and simultaneous increase its excretion were found to be present in the teas extract. Thus, the study demonstrates and validates thatM.oleifera,G. glabraand their blend possess hypolipidemic effect at higher concentration.

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