Caffeine Improves Hormonal and Lactate Homeostasis in Diabetic Rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 621-626
Author(s):  
Luiz A. da Silva ◽  
Jéssica Wouk ◽  
Vinícius M.R. Weber ◽  
Pablo de Almeida ◽  
Julio C.L. Martins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stress Test ◽  
Lactate Concentration ◽  
Intraperitoneal Administration ◽  
Exercise Stress Test ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Exercise Stress ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Steady State Condition ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Lactate Minimum

Introduction: Lactate Minimum Test (LMT) identifies a sustainable exercise intensity, in which an equilibrium is observed between production and clearance of blood lactate and the hormone influence during this physiological moment. Objective: The present study aimed to identify the levels of LM and hormones after caffeine consumption and exercise Stress Test (ST) in diabetic rats. Methods: This study was composed of 24 animals, of 60 days, allocated into four groups: Control, Diabetic, Caffeine, and Diabetes+Caffeine. The Diabetes model was induced by intraperitoneal administration of 120 mg/kg of alloxan. On the test day, 6 mg/kg of caffeine were administrated 30 minutes before the exercise Stress Test (ST) protocol. During the ST animals underwent a Stress Test (ST), in which they performed forced swimming (until exhaustion) tie to loads of 13% Body’s Weight (BW). The incremental phase of LM began with an initial load of 4% Body’s Weight (BW) and increased 0.5% every 5 min. Lactate concentration was measured 5, 7 and 9 min (mmol/L) after ST. The Incremental Progressive Test (IPT) involved swimming with loads of 4.0, 4.5, 5.0, 5.5, 6.0, and 7.0% of BW, for 5min with each. Blood samples were collected by a caudal puncture to subsequent lactate and hormone assay. Results: Performance time and lactate concentration of hyperlactatemia test, as well as Lactate Minimum (LM) and Lactate (LAC) concentration after the progressive test presented a significant difference when comparing the levels of the control group with caffeine and diabetic group (p<0.05). Conclusion: It is suggested that caffeine improves lactate clearance and hormonal steady state condition of diabetic animals after hyperlactacidemia and physical exercise maintenance.

scholarly journals Emergency department patient compliance with follow-up for outpatient exercise stress testing: a randomized controlled trial

CJEM ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 9 (06) ◽  
pp. 435-440 ◽  
Author(s):  
Doug Richards ◽  
Nazanin Meshkat ◽  
Jaqueline Chu ◽  
Kevin Eva ◽  
Andrew Worster
Keyword(s):  
Chest Pain ◽  
Stress Testing ◽  
Stress Test ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Exercise Stress Test ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Exercise Stress ◽  
Exercise Stress Testing ◽  
Control Group

ABSTRACTIntroduction:Numerous patients are assessed in the emergency department (ED) for chest pain suggestive of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and subsequently discharged if found to be at low risk. Exercise stress testing is frequently advised as a follow-up investigation for low-risk patients; however, compliance with such recommendations is poorly understood. We sought to determine if compliance with follow-up for exercise stress testing is higher in patients for whom the investigation is ordered at the time of ED discharge, compared with patients who are advised to arrange testing through their family physician (FP).Methods:Low-risk chest pain patients being discharged from the ED for outpatient exercise stress test and FP follow-up were randomized into 2 groups. ED staff ordered an exercise stress test for the intervention group, and the control group was advised to contact their FP to arrange testing. The primary outcome was completion of an exercise stress test at 30 days, confirmed through both patient contact and stress test results. Patients were unaware that our primary interest was their compliance with the exercise stress testing recommendations.Results:Two-hundred and thirty-one patients were enrolled and baseline characteristics were similar between the 2 groups. Completion of an exercise stress test at 30 days occurred in 87 out of 120 (72.5%) patients in the intervention group and 60 out of 107 (56.1%) patients in the control group. The difference in compliance rates (16.4%) between the 2 groups was statistically significant (χ2= 6.69,p&lt; 0.001) with a relative risk of 1.29 (95% confidence interval 1.18–1.40), and the results remained significant after a “worst case” sensitivity analysis involving 4 control group cases lost to follow-up. When subjects were contacted by telephone 30 days after the ED visit, 60% of those who were noncompliant patients felt they did not have a heart problem and that further testing was unnecessary.Conclusion:When ED staff order an outpatient exercise stress test following investigation for potential ACS, patients are more likely to complete the test if it is booked for them before ED discharge. After discharge, many low-risk chest pain patients feel they are not at risk and do not return to their FP for further testing in a timely manner as advised. Changing to a strategy of ED booking of exercise stress testing may help earlier identification of patients with coronary heart disease.

P4408Cardiovascular response in diabetic patients submitted to treadmill electrocardiographic exercise stress test

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
G Faia Carvalho Dias ◽  
M Oliveira ◽  
B Faria ◽  
P Von Hafe ◽  
A F Cardoso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antihypertensive Drugs ◽  
Cardiovascular Response ◽  
Stress Test ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Exercise Stress Test ◽  
Exercise Stress ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Chronotropic Response ◽  
Response To Exercise

Abstract Introduction Diabetes mellitus (DM) is an entity commonly associated with neuropathy, a factor that may have repercussions on the cardiovascular system, specifically in its capacity to respond to stimuli. Objectives To evaluate the cardiovascular response to exercise in diabetic patients, comparing it with a control group. Methods Patients who underwent treadmill eletrocardiographic exercise stress test (EST) between January 2016 and November 2018 without the influence of negative chronotropic medication were included. Results A total of 187 patients were identified, having a mean age of 57±13 years, of whom 120 (64%) were of the male gender. Eighty-four (45%) were diabetic. The group of diabetic patients had a higher prevalence of arterial hypertension, however the number of classes of antihypertensive drugs was not significantly different between diabetic and non-diabetic patients. There were no significant differences in the remaining demographic variables. Patients with DM presented lower maximal heart rates (HR) (141±14 vs 148±19 beats/minute, p=0.015), lower HT reserve (59±16 vs 67±21 beats/minute, p=0.005), as well as a lower rate of HR fall in the recovery period (13±5 vs 16±5 beats/minute2, p<0.001). Total EST time was also lower in diabetic patients (median 7.0 IQR=3 vs 7.3 IQR=3.5 minutes, p=0.044). Additionally, the number of years since the time of diagnosis of DM was inversely correlated with the degree of increase in systolic blood pressure (SBP) with exercise (r=−0.22, p=0.045), and the pre-test SBP (median 135 IQR=24 vs 130 IQR=20 mmHg, p=0.048) and post-test SBP (median 150 IQR=20 vs 140 IQR=25 mmHg, p=0.007) were higher in patients with DM. Discussion In this study it was found that patients with DM present an impaired chronotropic response, both in exercise and recovery periods, and it was observed that the capacity to increase SBP is inversely correlated to the duration of DM. These data may reflect the neuropathic involvement in DM and its influence in the cardiovascular response to exercise.

scholarly journals Comparison of the Levels of Hematological Parameters at Rest and after Maximum Exercise between Physically Active People with Spinal Cord Injury and Able-Bodied People

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (23) ◽  
pp. 12323
Author(s):  
Łukasz Szymczak ◽  
Tomasz Podgórski ◽  
Katarzyna Domaszewska
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Maximal Exercise ◽  
Stress Test ◽  
Exercise Stress ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Exercise Induced

The aim of the study was to reveal the difference in the hematological reaction to the applied exercise-induced workload between the able-bodied and physically active people with cervical spinal cord injury. The study covered 11 males with spinal cord injury and 11 able-bodied persons. An incremental stress test was carried out until the maximum individual workloads were achieved. The peak oxygen uptake was measured with the use of the ergospirometric method. Venous blood test results at rest and after finishing the maximal exercise showed hemoglobin (Hb) concentration, hematocrit (HCT) value, erythrocytes (RBC), leukocytes (WBC) and platelets (PLT) counts as well as the relative percentage of granulocytes (GRA), lymphocytes (LYM), and monocytes (MON). RBC, HCT as well as Hb and PLT among people with the injury were statistically lower (p < 0.001) large effect size, than in the control group. Statistically significant difference between the test and control group, subjected to the maximal exercise stress test, was observed in the exercise induced change of the PLT [p < 0.001, (ES: 2.631)] WBC [p < 0.05, (ES: 1.429)] and the percentage of LYM and GRA [p < 0.05, (ES: 1.447) for LYM and (ES: 1.332) for GRA] between both groups, subjected to the maximal cardiac stress test on the manual cycloergometer. The analysis of the obtained results indicates that people with spinal cord injury are much more vulnerable to the occurrence of microcytic anemia compared to able-bodied people. The after-exercise percentage shift of selected subpopulations of leukocytes in both groups indicates a delayed post-exercise recovery among people with spinal cord injury.

INFLUENCE OF COVID 19 ON MORPHOLOGICAL AND CARDIOVASCULAR STATUS OF PROFESSIONAL HANDBALL PLAYERS

sportlogia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-93
Author(s):  
Aleksandar Gadžić ◽  
◽  
Aleksandar Živković ◽  
Tamara Stojmenović ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular System ◽  
Stress Test ◽  
Exercise Stress Test ◽  
T Test ◽  
Exercise Stress ◽  
Morphological Parameters ◽  
Training Process ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The World ◽  
Pcr Test

Handball is one of the very popular sports games in the world. The current COVID 19 pandemic directly affects handball players in the training and competition processes from all age categories but professional players seem to be at a higher risk of contracting the disease. This study aimed to assess morphological and cardiovascular status of 20 participants, professional handball players who compete at elite competition rank, and therewith to adjust their training process and to test the differences between COVID 19 positive and COVID 19 negative participants. Testing included measurements of basic morphological parameters while the function of the cardiovascular system (CVS) was assessed at rest and effort - exercise stress test with Vita Maxima protocol. The results of t-test did not show a statistically significant difference in morphological and cardiovascular characteristics of participants who had COVID 19 infection (with a positive PCR test), who had symptoms of infection but no PCR test for the virus, and those who did not contract COVID 19.

Abstract 15765: Clinical Significance of Submaximal Parameters of Exercise Stress Test in Characterizing Post-Fontan Patients

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (Suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daphney Kernizan ◽  
Gina DAloisio ◽  
Bradley Robinson ◽  
Takeshi Tsuda
Keyword(s):  
Exercise Capacity ◽  
Stress Test ◽  
Exercise Stress Test ◽  
Cycle Ergometer ◽  
Exercise Stress ◽  
Peak Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Peak Exercise ◽  
Fontan Patient ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Fontan Patients

Background: Fontan patients have diminished exercise capacity relative to healthy peers. Peak oxygen consumption (pVO2) is a useful marker for maximum exercise capacity, though it may not be achievable in certain patients. We studied clinical validity of submaximal parameters in exercise stress test (EST) in post-Fontan patients. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed EST of post-Fontan patients and age-matched controls by cycle ergometer. We obtained peak values of heart rate (pHR), VO2, oxygen pulse (pOP), respiratory quotient (pRQ), and work rate (pWR). Submaximal parameters included ventilatory anaerobic threshold (VAT), slopes of VO2/HR changes (ΔVO2/ΔHR) and HR/WR changes (ΔHR/ΔWR), and oxygen uptake efficiency slope (OUES). Data are shown as mean ± standard deviation. Results: Twenty four single right ventricle (SRV), 12 single left ventricle (SLV), and 24 controls were studied (Table 1).pHR, pVO2, pOP, and pWR were significantly lower in Fontan patients than in controls, but with no significant difference between SRV and SLV. ΔVO2/ΔHR and OUES were significantly lower in Fontan group than controls, whereas VAT and pRQ were comparable in all three groups. VAT was preserved in Fontan groups. Lower slope of ΔVO2/ΔHR and decreased OUES in the Fontan group suggests an intrinsic exercise limitation or limited stroke volume (SV) increase. This was compensated by a higher HR response up to AT, exhibited by the higher slope of ΔHR/ΔWR despite lower pHR in the Fontan group. Conclusions: Peak exercise parameters were significantly lower in Fontan patients although pRQ and VAT were comparable among the three groups. The lower ΔVO2/ΔHR and pOP in Fontan patients suggest limited SV reserve in response to exercise. A combination of lower ΔVO2/ΔHR and higher ΔHR/ΔWR characterizes Fontan patient. Inclusion of submaximal exercise parameters brings additional value in specifying the physiological responses to exercise.

scholarly journals Cardiac Rehabilitation and Physical Performance in Patients after Myocardial Infarction: Preliminary Research

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2253
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Grochulska ◽  
Sebastian Glowinski ◽  
Aleksandra Bryndal
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Cardiac Rehabilitation ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Stress Test ◽  
Maximal Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Exercise Stress Test ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Exercise Stress ◽  
Test Time ◽  
Before And After

(1) Background: Cardiovascular diseases, in particular, myocardial infarction (MI), are the main threats to human health in modern times. Cardiac rehabilitation (CR), and especially increased physical activity, significantly prevent the consequences of MI. The aim of this study was to assess physical performance in patients after MI before and after CR. (2) Methods: 126 patients after MI were examined. They were admitted to the cardiac rehabilitation ward twice: in the 3rd month after MI, and then in the 6th month after the last rehabilitation session. CR lasted 20 treatment days (4 weeks with 5 treatment days and 2 days’ break). The exercise stress test on the treadmill and a 6-minute walk test (6MWT) were used to assess physical performance. Patients were assigned to an appropriate rehabilitation model due to their health condition. (3) Results: In the studied group, the exercise stress test time and the metabolic equivalent of task (MET), the maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max), and 6MWT score increased significantly (p = 0.0001) at two time-points of observation. (4) Conclusion: CR significantly improves physical performance in patients after MI.

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