Autoantibodies for Cardiac Channels and Sudden Cardiac Death and its Relationship to Autoimmune Disorders

Background: Sudden Cardiac Death (SCD) is an unexpected death caused by heart dysfunction. Autoantibodies against cardiac proteins may be potentially involved in the occurrence and progression of cardiac disease and SCD. The first report on the role of autoantibodies in idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy appeared in the 1980s. In recent years new studies on the effects of the presence of specific autoantibodies and their relationship to ventricular arrhythmias and SCD were published. The purpose of the current mini-review is to analyze the results of the research studies focused on the relationship between anti-cardiomyocyte autoantibodies and SCD with respect to autoimmune disorders. Conclusion: According to our analysis, more research is needed to understand the role of these autoantibodies against cardiac proteins in the SCD pathogenesis, and potentially employ this knowledge for improving prognosis of SCD.

Download Full-text

RESEARCH THE VALUE OF THE COMBINATION OF T WAVE ALTERNANS AND NT-PROBNT IN PREDICTING SUDDEN CARDIAC DEATH

Journal of Medicine and Pharmacy ◽

10.34071/jmp.2012.1.10 ◽

2012 ◽

pp. 74-83

Author(s):

Anh Tien Hoang ◽

Nhat Quang Nguyen

Keyword(s):

Myocardial Infarction ◽

Sudden Cardiac Death ◽

Cardiac Death ◽

Ventricular Arrhythmias ◽

Healthy Person ◽

Treadmill Test ◽

T Wave ◽

T Wave Alternans

Background: Decades of research now link TWA with inducible and spontaneous clinical ventricular arrhythmias. This bench-to-bedside foundation makes TWA, NT-ProBNP a very plausible index of susceptibility to ventricular arrythmia, and motivates the need to define optimal combination of TWA and NT-ProBNP in predicting ventricular arrythmia in myocardial infarction patients. We research this study with 2 targets: 1. To evaluate the role of TWA in predicting sudden cardiac death in myocardial infarction patients. 2. To evaluate the role of NT-ProBNP in predicting sudden cardiac death in myocardial infarction patients 3. Evaluate the role of the combined NT-ProBNP and TWA in predicting sudden cardiac death in myocardial infarction patients. Methods: Prospective study with follow up the mortality in 2 years: 71 chronic myocardial infarction patients admitted to hospital from 5/2009 to 5/20011 and 50 healthy person was done treadmill test to caculate TWA; ECG, echocardiography, NT-ProBNP. Results: Cut-off point of NT-ProBNP in predicting sudden cardiac death is 3168 pg/ml; AUC = 0,86 (95% CI: 0,72 - 0,91); Cut-off point of TWA in predicting sudden cardiac death is 107 µV; AUC = 0,81 (95% CI: 0,69 - 0,87); NT-ProBNP can predict sudden cardiac death with OR= 7,26 (p<0,01); TWA can predict sudden cardiac death with OR= 8,45 (p<0,01). The combined NT-ProBNP and TWA in predicting ventricular arrythmia in heart failure patients: OR= 17,91 (p<0,001). Conclusions: The combined NT-ProBNP and TWA have the best predict value of sudden cardiac death in myocardial infarction patients, compare to NT-ProBNP or TWA alone

Download Full-text

1. Sudden Unexplained Death in a Psychiatric Patient – A Case Report: The Role of Phenothiazines and Physical Restraint

Medicine Science and the Law ◽

10.1177/002580249703700214 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 37 (2) ◽

pp. 170-175 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Anil Kumar

Keyword(s):

Case Report ◽

Sudden Cardiac Death ◽

Cardiac Death ◽

Psychiatric Patients ◽

Physical Restraint ◽

Unexpected Death ◽

Sudden Unexplained Death ◽

Unexplained Death ◽

The Subject

Psychotropic drug use has long been associated with sudden unexplained and unexpected death in psychiatric patients despite controversies surrounding the issue. Physical restraint following violent episodes in psychiatric in-patients is also associated with neurally mediated sudden cardiac death. A case where these two mechanisms have jointly resulted in sudden death is reported. The literature on the subject is reviewed and the measures which may be useful in reducing the incidence of such deaths are discussed. The need for accurate and detailed reporting of such cases is emphasized.

Download Full-text

Sudden cardiac death and the role of device therapy in dilated cardiomyopathy

Current Heart Failure Reports ◽

10.1007/s11897-005-0020-4 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 2 (3) ◽

pp. 124-127 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Prash Jayaraj ◽

Kevin M. Monahan

Keyword(s):

Sudden Cardiac Death ◽

Dilated Cardiomyopathy ◽

Cardiac Death ◽

Device Therapy

Download Full-text

Primary prevention of sudden cardiac death in idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy. the cardiomyopathy trial (CAT)

ACC Current Journal Review ◽

10.1016/s1062-1458(02)00817-6 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 11 (5) ◽

pp. 73

Author(s):

D. Bansch ◽

M. Antz ◽

S. Boczor

Keyword(s):

Primary Prevention ◽

Sudden Cardiac Death ◽

Dilated Cardiomyopathy ◽

Cardiac Death ◽

Idiopathic Dilated Cardiomyopathy

Download Full-text

Arrhythmic Sudden Cardiac Death and the Role of Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator in Patients with Cardiac Amyloidosis—A Narrative Literature Review

Journal of Clinical Medicine ◽

10.3390/jcm10091858 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (9) ◽

pp. 1858

Author(s):

Aleksandra Liżewska-Springer ◽

Grzegorz Sławiński ◽

Ewa Lewicka

Keyword(s):

Sudden Cardiac Death ◽

Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator ◽

Cardiac Death ◽

Ventricular Arrhythmias ◽

Cardiac Amyloidosis ◽

Cardioverter Defibrillator ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Narrative Literature ◽

Narrative Literature Review

Cardiac amyloidosis (CA) is considered to be associated with an increased risk of sudden cardiac death (SCD) due to ventricular tachyarrhythmias and electromechanical dissociation. However, current arrhythmic risk stratification and the role of an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) for primary prevention of SCD remains unclear. This article provides a narrative review of the literature on electrophysiological abnormalities in the context of ventricular arrhythmias in patients with CA and the role of ICD in terms of survival benefit in this group of patients.

Download Full-text

Cardiomyopathy Associated With Tertiary Adrenal Insufficiency Manifesting as Refractory Heart Failure, Shock, and Sudden Cardiac Death: A Case Report

Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine ◽

10.3389/fcvm.2021.720154 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

Author(s):

Xuefeng Wang ◽

Yong Luo ◽

Jian Feng

Keyword(s):

Heart Failure ◽

Sudden Cardiac Death ◽

Dilated Cardiomyopathy ◽

Adrenal Insufficiency ◽

Cardiac Death ◽

Clinical Manifestations ◽

Underlying Disease ◽

Pituitary Hormones ◽

Idiopathic Dilated Cardiomyopathy ◽

Cardiac Resynchronization

Dilated cardiomyopathy is an etiologically heterogeneous disorder. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment of the underlying disease are of great significance. Primary and secondary adrenal insufficiency are considered quite rare causes of dilated cardiomyopathy. However, to the best of our knowledge, no case of cardiomyopathy associated with tertiary adrenal insufficiency has been reported. Herein, we described a 68-year-old woman with a 15-year history of seasonal dermatitis presented with frequent heart failure and shock. At first, she was diagnosed with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy, but standard heart failure and antishock treatment failed. Given her long-term use of dexamethasone for treating seasonal dermatitis, and clinical manifestations consistent with adrenal insufficiency, we tested her basal plasma cortisol, simultaneous corticotropin, and other pituitary hormones, confirming that she had tertiary adrenal insufficiency. Additionally, abdominal enhanced computed tomography revealed atrophic bilateral adrenal glands, indicating long-standing and severe adrenal insufficiency. Then hydrocortisone replacement therapy was initiated, and she recovered rapidly. During the next 2 years of follow-up, she never experienced any episodes of heart failure and shock. Unfortunately, she refused the implantation of defibrillator with cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT-D) and died of sudden cardiac death 2 years later. Although we could not exclude the coincidence of idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy with tertiary adrenal insufficiency with 100% certainty, her unique clinical course strongly indicated that her cardiomyopathy resulted from tertiary adrenal insufficiency. This case demonstrates that patients on corticosteroids are at risk for tertiary adrenal insufficiency, which may result in refractory cardiomyopathy and even sudden cardiac death.

Download Full-text