scholarly journals Arrhythmic Sudden Cardiac Death and the Role of Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator in Patients with Cardiac Amyloidosis—A Narrative Literature Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1858
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Liżewska-Springer ◽  
Grzegorz Sławiński ◽  
Ewa Lewicka
Keyword(s):  
Sudden Cardiac Death ◽  
Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator ◽  
Cardiac Death ◽  
Ventricular Arrhythmias ◽  
Cardiac Amyloidosis ◽  
Cardioverter Defibrillator ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Narrative Literature ◽  
Narrative Literature Review

Cardiac amyloidosis (CA) is considered to be associated with an increased risk of sudden cardiac death (SCD) due to ventricular tachyarrhythmias and electromechanical dissociation. However, current arrhythmic risk stratification and the role of an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) for primary prevention of SCD remains unclear. This article provides a narrative review of the literature on electrophysiological abnormalities in the context of ventricular arrhythmias in patients with CA and the role of ICD in terms of survival benefit in this group of patients.

scholarly journals LEFT VENTRICULAR LEAD IMPLANTATION FOR DETECTION OF VENTRICULAR ARRHYTHMIAS IN PATIENT WITH IMPLANTABLE CARDIOVERTER DEFIBRILLATOR AND LOW R WAVE IN RIGHT VENTRICLE

2021 ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Sudden Cardiac Death ◽  
Right Ventricle ◽  
Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator ◽  
Cardiac Death ◽  
Ventricular Arrhythmias ◽  
Systolic Function ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Icd Implantation ◽  
Cardioverter Defibrillator ◽  
Ventricular Lead

Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a disease characterised as left ventricular (LV) or biventricular dilatation with impaired systolic function. Regardless of underlying cause patients with DCM have a propensity to ventricular arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death. Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator (ICD) implantation for these patients results in significant reduction of sudden cardiac death [1-3]. ICD devices may be limited by right ventricle (RV) sensing dysfunction with low RV sensing amplitude. We present a clinical case of patient with DCM, implanted ICD and low R wave sensing on RV lead.

Death with an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator: a MADIT-II substudy

EP Europace ◽  
2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Chernomordik ◽  
Christian Jons ◽  
Helmut U Klein ◽  
Valentina Kutyifa ◽  
Eyal Nof ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sudden Cardiac Death ◽  
Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator ◽  
Cardiac Death ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Time Of Death ◽  
Cardioverter Defibrillator ◽  
Mortality Event ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Madit Ii

Abstract Aims There are limited data regarding factors that identify implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) patients who will experience either ventricular tachyarrhythmic (VTA) or non-arrhythmic (NA) mortality, and the commonly used clinical classification of sudden cardiac death (SCD) vs. non-sudden cardiac death (NSCD) may not be accurate enough. We aimed to correlate clinical adjudication of mortality events to device interrogation data and to identify risk factors for VTA mortality in Multicenter Automatic Defibrillator Implantation Trial II (MADIT-II). Methods and results Of the 746 patients who received an ICD in MADIT-II, 44 died from cardiac causes and had available interrogation data at the time of death. Sudden cardiac death vs. NSCD was defined by an adjudication committee. Ventricular tachyarrhythmic and NA arrhythmic deaths were categorized by the presence or absence of ventricular tachycardia or fibrillation (VT/VF) during the terminal event. Mode of death was found to be inaccurate when validated by device interrogation for VTA events: 50% patients adjudicated as SCD did not have a VTA event at the time of death; and 25% of adjudicated NSCD were found to have VT/VF during the mortality event. Multivariate analysis showed that factors independently associated with VTA mortality included: VT/VF >72 h prior to the mortality event [hazard ratio (HR) 8.0; P < 0.001], hospitalization for heart failure (HR 6.7; P = 0.001), and a history of hypertension (HR 4; P = 0.04). Conclusion Current classification of SCD vs. NSCD fails to identify VTA events at the time of death in a significant proportion of patients, and simple clinical parameters can be used to identify ICD recipients with increased risk for VTA mortality.

scholarly journals Ventricular Arrhythmias in Cardiac Sarcoidosis

Circulation ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 138 (12) ◽  
pp. 1253-1264 ◽  
Author(s):  
David R. Okada ◽  
John Smith ◽  
Arsalan Derakhshan ◽  
Zain Gowani ◽  
Satish Misra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sudden Cardiac Death ◽  
Cardiac Death ◽  
Ventricular Arrhythmias ◽  
Antiarrhythmic Drugs ◽  
Consensus Statement ◽  
Cardiac Sarcoidosis ◽  
Heart Rhythm ◽  
Immunosuppressant Therapy ◽  
Cardioverter Defibrillator ◽  
Increased Risk

The diagnosis of cardiac sarcoidosis (CS), especially in cases where there is limited or no extracardiac involvement, is challenging. Patients with CS are at increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death. Several techniques for risk stratification for sudden cardiac death have been proposed in this population, including advanced cardiac imaging and electrophysiology study. Clinical ventricular arrhythmias in patients with CS may be treated with immunosuppressant therapy, antiarrhythmic drugs, catheter ablation, or implantable cardioverter-defibrillator placement. This article will provide an update on techniques for diagnosing CS, risk stratifying patients with CS for sudden cardiac death, and treating patients with CS with ventricular arrhythmias, focusing on evidence that has become available since publication of the 2014 Heart Rhythm Society Expert Consensus Statement on the Diagnosis and Management of Arrhythmias Associated With Cardiac Sarcoidosis.

The implantable cardioverter defibrillator, conclusions on sudden cardiac death, and future perspective

ESC CardioMed ◽  
2018 ◽  
pp. 2370-2376
Author(s):  
Gerhard Hindricks ◽  
Michael Kühl ◽  
Nikolaos Dagres
Keyword(s):  
Sudden Cardiac Death ◽  
Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator ◽  
Cardiac Death ◽  
Future Perspective ◽  
Effective Prevention ◽  
Cardioverter Defibrillator ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
To Come ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
The Individual

Sudden cardiac death (SCD) is one of the major causes of death and remains therefore one of the main challenges in the field of cardiovascular medicine for the years to come. As well outlined in the preceding chapters of this section, significant advances have been made in the last decades in the pathophysiological understanding of SCD, in the illumination of the underlying mechanisms and of the entities that are associated with an increased risk, in risk stratification of patients, and finally, in effective prevention by use of the implantable cardioverter defibrillator provided that the elevated SCD risk of the individual patient is detected early.

P989Incidence of appropriate implantable cardioverter defibrillator therapy and sudden cardiac death in cardiac sarcoidosis - a systematic review and meta-analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
K Franke ◽  
H Marshall ◽  
P Kennewell ◽  
H D Pham ◽  
T Rattanakosit ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Primary Prevention ◽  
Sudden Cardiac Death ◽  
Secondary Prevention ◽  
Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator ◽  
Cardiac Death ◽  
Ventricular Arrhythmias ◽  
Cardiac Sarcoidosis ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cardioverter Defibrillator

Abstract Background Implantation of implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) is a Class IIb indication in patients with Cardiac Sarcoid and with LVEF 36%-49% despite immunosuppression and optimal heart failure therapy. Purpose This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to provide an estimate on the incidence of ventricular arrhythmias and risk of sudden cardiac death (SCD) in patients with CS. Methods The terms “Cardiac Sarcoidosis*” AND “Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator” AND “Sudden Cardiac Death” were searched on PubMed, EMBASE, and Scopus on 21st of September 2018 yielding 759 articles. After exclusions, 12 studies met inclusion criteria. Results The 12 studies consisted of 612 patients with CS of which 534 had ICD implanted for primary or secondary prevention. Assuming appropriate device therapy as a surrogate for SCD, the annual incidence of appropriate ICD therapies and SCD combined was 6.3% (95% CI; 3.5%-9.1%) in primary prevention cohorts, 11.6% (95% CI; 7.8%-15.3%) in secondary prevention cohorts, and 8.7% (95% CI; 6.0%-11.5%) in both cohorts. The mean left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was pooled as 59±7 (n=155) in primary prevention cohorts and 48±15 (n=48) in secondary prevention cohorts. However, the LVEF was 35±13 (n=28) in those with appropriate ICD therapy, and 49±16 (n=47) in those with ICDs without therapy. Incidence of SCD in Combined Cohorts Conclusion The incidence of ventricular arrhythmias and SCD is high not only secondary but also in primary prevention cohorts of CS. This data supports the role of implanting ICDs for primary prevention in patients with CS with mild to moderate reduction in LVEF. Acknowledgement/Funding None

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