Synthesis of Kraton/polyaniline ionomer composite membrane as Cu (II) ion selective membrane electrode

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Imran Ahamed ◽  
Nimra Shakeel ◽  
Naushad Anwar ◽  
Lutfullah ◽  
Anish Khan
Keyword(s):  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Proton Conductivity ◽  
Composite Membrane ◽  
Electrical Conductance ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Indicator Electrode ◽  
Membrane Electrode ◽  
Ion Exchange Capacity ◽  
Minimum Concentration ◽  
Selective Membrane

: In this work, we demonstrate the synthesis of Kraton ionomer membrane by solution casting method. Kraton ionomer membrane was coated with polyaniline by in situ oxidative chemical polymerization to get electrical conductance in the membrane. The synthesized composite membrane of Kraton/polyaniline ionomer further characterized by electrochemical studies to check the redox properties of the material. Similarly, the ion exchange capacity and proton conductivity and selectivity of the synthesized membrane was also determined. From the selectivity studies which shows that the membrane was selective for Cu (II) ions. Furthermore, the outcomes of the membrane such as high ion exchange capacity, good proton conductivity, and efficient selectivity, displays the synthesized membrane is efficient for the preparation of ion-selective membrane electrode. The minimum concentration range of Cu (II) ions towards the ion-selective membrane was 1 × 10-1 to 1 × 10-8 M. The electrode revealed a Nernstian slope of 28.15 mV/decade change in concentration of Cu (II) ions. In addition, the electrode exposed fast response time of 10s, working pH range of 3-6.5, detection limit of 1 × 10-9 M and appreciably good selectivity towards Cu (II) ions over alkali, alkaline, and other heavy metal ions. Moreover, it can be employed as indicator electrode for the potentiometric titration of Cu (II) ions by using ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid, disodium salt (EDTA).

Preparation of Highly Stable Ion Exchange Membranes by Radiation-Induced Graft Copolymerization of Styrene and Bis(vinyl phenyl)ethane Into Crosslinked Polytetrafluoroethylene Films

2006 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tetsuya Yamaki ◽  
Junichi Tsukada ◽  
Masaharu Asano ◽  
Ryoichi Katakai ◽  
Masaru Yoshida
Keyword(s):  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Proton Conductivity ◽  
Water Uptake ◽  
Graft Copolymerization ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells ◽  
Ion Exchange Membranes ◽  
Aromatic Rings ◽  
Ion Exchange Capacity ◽  
Radiation Induced

We prepared novel ion exchange membranes for possible use in polymer electrolyte fuel cells (PEFCs) by the radiation-induced graft copolymerization of styrene and new crosslinker bis(vinyl phenyl)ethane (BVPE) into crosslinked polytetrafluoroethylene (cPTFE) films and subsequent sulfonation and then investigated their water uptake, proton conductivity, and stability in an oxidizing environment. In contrast to the conventional crosslinker, divinylbenzene (DVB), the degree of grafting of styrene∕BVPE increased in spite of high crosslinker concentrations in the reacting solution (up to 70mol%). Quantitative sulfonation of the aromatic rings in the crosslinked graft chains resulted in the preparation of membranes with a high ion exchange capacity that reached 2.9meq∕g. The bulk properties of the membranes were found to exceed those of Nafion membranes except for chemical stability. The emphasis was on the fact that the BVPE-crosslinked membranes exhibited the higher stability in the H2O2 solution at 60°C compared to the noncrosslinked and DVB-crosslinked ones, as well as decreased water uptake and reasonable proton conductivity. These results are rationalized by considering the reactivity between styrene and the crosslinker, which is an important factor determining the distribution of the crosslinks in the graft component. In the case of BVPE, the crosslinks at a high density were homogeneously incorporated even into the interior of the membrane because of its compatibility with styrene while the far too reactive DVB led to a crosslink formation only near the surface. The combination of both the cPTFE main chain and BVPE-based grafts, i.e., a perfect “double” crosslinking structure, is likely to effectively improve the membrane performances for PEFC applications.

Potentiometric determination of mercury ions by sol-gel synthesized multi-walled carbon nanotubes Zr (IV) phosphate composite fabricated membrane electrode

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tauseef Ahmad Rangreez ◽  
Rizwana Mobin ◽  
Hamida Tun Nisa Chisti
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Cation Exchanger ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Membrane Electrode ◽  
Ion Exchange Capacity ◽  
Selective Membrane ◽  
Multi Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Exchange Properties

Background: The nanocomposites are formed by introducing inorganic nano-clusters, fullerenes, clays, metals, oxides with numerous organic polymers. The assembly of these materials exhibits better properties such as catalytic, thermal stability and adsorption properties, etc. than the individual materials. Objective: The nanocomposite synthesized here by sol-gel method was primarily evaluated for cation exchange properties viz, elution concentration, elution behavior, effect of temperature on ion-exchange capacity. The synthesized composite was used as an electro-active component for fabrication of Hg2+ ion selective membrane electrode. Method : The sol-gel technique was used to synthesize multi-walled carbon nanotubes Zr(IV) phosphate composite cation exchanger. By the technique of solution casting the material as an electroactive part was used for the fabrication of mercury ion-selective membrane electrode. The potential response of the electrode was also investigated as a function of membrane composition and plasticizer. Results: The composite cation exchanger exhibited 1.8 meq g-1 ion-exchange capacity (IEC). It retained almost 65 % of its initial IEC upto a temperature of 400 °C. Distribution studies showed the selective nature of the composite for Hg(II) ions. The ion-selective membrane electrode exhibited typical Nernstian response towards Hg2+ ions in the concentration range 1×10-1 -1×10-7 M. Conclusion: The results discussed reveal that a new cation composite exchanger-multi-walled carbon nanotubes Zr (IV) phosphate exhibited excellent cation exchange properties and was found to be preferentially selective towards the Hg2+ ions. It was also used as an indicator electrode in the titration of Hg2+ using ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid as a titrant.

Effect of Solution Casting Temperature on Characteristic of Nafion®-Mordenite Composite Membrane for Direct Methanol Fuel Cell

2014 ◽  
Vol 666 ◽  
pp. 3-7
Author(s):  
Theampetch Apichaya ◽  
Paweena Prapainainar ◽  
Chaiwat Prapainainar
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Composite Membrane ◽  
Direct Methanol Fuel Cell ◽  
Composite Membranes ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Solution Casting ◽  
Ion Exchange Capacity ◽  
Direct Methanol ◽  
Methanol Fuel Cell

In this paper, proton conducting composite membranes of Nafion®-mordenite for direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) were prepared using solution casting method. Mordenite, used as inorganic filler, was incorporated into Nafion polymer in order to improve membrane properties for DMFC application. Effect of solution casting temperature on resulting composite membranes was focused. The temperature of the membrane preparation was varied from 80 to 120°C. Properties and morphology of the resulting membranes including solubility, water uptake, ion – exchange capacity were investigated and reported. It was found that composite membrane prepared at 100°C gave the most alcohol resistance and mechanical stability membrane with 0.59% soluble. Furthermore, it gave highest ion – exchange capacity, 0.10 meq⋅g-1, which is 33% and 98% higher than the membranes prepared at 80°C and 120°C respectively.

scholarly journals Synthesis and Characterization of Organic-Inorganic Nanocomposite Poly-o-anisidine Sn(IV) Arsenophosphate: Its Analytical Applications as Pb(II) Ion-Selective Membrane Electrode

2009 ◽  
Vol 2009 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asif Ali Khan ◽  
Umme Habiba ◽  
Anish Khan
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Pollutant ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Indicator Electrode ◽  
Membrane Electrode ◽  
Mixed Solution ◽  
Electroactive Material ◽  
Wide Ph Range ◽  
Selective Membrane ◽  
Distribution Studies ◽  
Ph Range

Poly-o-anisidine Sn(IV) arsenophosphate is a newly synthesized nanocomposite material and has been characterized on the basis of its chemical composition, ion exchange capacity, TGA-DTA, FTIR, X-RAY, SEM, and TEM studies. On the basis of distribution studies, the exchanger was found to be highly selective for lead that is an environmental pollutant. For the detection of lead in water a heterogeneous precipitate based ion-selective membrane electrode was developed by means of this composite cation exchanger as electroactive material. The membrane electrode is mechanically stable, with a quick response time, and can be operated over a wide pH range. The selectivity coefficients were determined by mixed solution method and revealed that the electrode is sensitive for Pb(II) in presence of interfering cations. The practical utility of this membrane electrode has been established by employing it as an indicator electrode in the potentiometric titration of Pb(II).

scholarly journals Evaluation of power generation and treatment efficiency of dairy wastewater in microbial fuel cell using TiO2 – SPEEK as proton exchange membrane

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Vidhyeswari ◽  
A. Surendhar ◽  
S. Bhuvaneshwari
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Composite Membrane ◽  
Proton Exchange Membrane ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Uptake Capacity ◽  
Ion Exchange Capacity ◽  
Water Uptake Capacity ◽  
Exchange Membrane

Abstract The aim of this study is to synthesis SPEEK composite proton exchange membrane with the addition of TiO2 nanofillers for microbial fuel cell application. SPEEK composite membrane with varying weight percentage of TiO2 (2.5, 5, 7.5 and 10%) was prepared to study the effect of TiO2 concentration on membrane performance. Synthesized composite membranes were subjected to various characterization studies such as FT-IR, XRD, Raman spectroscopy; TGA, UTM and SEM. Physico-chemical properties of membrane such as water uptake capacity, ion exchange capacity and thickness were also analyzed. 5% TiO2 – SPEEK composite membrane exhibited the higher water uptake capacity value and Ion exchange capacity value of 31% and 1.71 meq/g respectively. Performance of the MFC system with TiO2 – SPEEK membranes were evaluated and compared with the pristine SPEEK and Nafion membrane. 5% TiO2 – SPEEK membrane produced the higher power density (1.22 W/m2) and voltage (0.635 V) than the other membranes investigated. Efficacy of MFC in wastewater treatment was evaluated based on the chemical oxygen demand (COD), total organic carbon content and turbidity. Biofilm growth over the surface of the electrodes was also analyzed using scanning electron microscopy.

scholarly journals Functionalization of Chitosan with Maleic Anhydride for Proton Exchange Membrane

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Ridwan Septiawan ◽  
Dian Permana ◽  
Sitti Hadijah Sabarwati ◽  
La Ode Ahmad ◽  
La Ode Ahmad Nur Ramadhan
Keyword(s):  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Maleic Anhydride ◽  
Proton Conductivity ◽  
Proton Exchange Membrane ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Ion Exchange Capacity ◽  
Chitosan Membrane ◽  
Blending Method ◽  
Exchange Membrane

Chitosan was modified by maleic anhydride, and it was then functionalized using heterogeneous and blending method to obtain the membrane. The results of the reaction between chitosan with maleic anhydride were signed by the new peak appears around 1475 cm-1 which attributed to C=C bending of alkene. The new peak also appears at 1590 cm-1 which attributed to N-H bending of amide. Chitosan-maleic anhydride membranes show microstructure of chitosan membrane with high porous density and rigidity while chitosan-maleic anhydride membranes have clusters. In addition, the thermal tenacity of membranes reached 500 °C. Modified membrane by heterogeneous and blending method have higher water uptake, ion exchange capacity, and proton conductivity than chitosan membrane. Moreover, the blending method is much more effective than the heterogeneous method that can be exhibited from ion exchange capacity and proton conductivity values of 1.08–6.38 meq g-1 and 1x10-3–1x10-2 S cm-1, 0.92–2.27 meq g-1 and 1.53x10-4–3.04x10-3 S cm-1, respectively. The results imply that modification of chitosan membrane with the addition of maleic anhydride using heterogeneous and blending method can be applied to proton exchange membrane.

scholarly journals Enhanced Performance of Polymer Electrolyte Membranes via Modification with Ionic Liquids for Fuel Cell Applications

Membranes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 395
Author(s):  
Jonathan Teik Ean Goh ◽  
Ainul Rasyidah Abdul Rahim ◽  
Mohd Shahbudin Masdar ◽  
Loh Kee Shyuan
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Polymer Electrolyte ◽  
Proton Conductivity ◽  
Polymer Electrolyte Membrane ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Ion Exchange Capacity ◽  
Casting Technique ◽  
The Impact

The polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) is a key component in the PEM fuel cell (PEMFC) system. This study highlights the latest development of PEM technology by combining Nafion® and ionic liquids, namely 2–Hydroxyethylammonium Formate (2–HEAF) and Propylammonium Nitrate (PAN). Test membranes were prepared using the casting technique. The impact of functional groups in grafting, morphology, thermal stability, ion exchange capacity, water absorption, swelling and proton conductivity for the prepared membranes is discussed. Both hybrid membranes showed higher values in ion exchange capacity, water uptake and swelling rate as compared to the recast pure Nafion® membrane. The results also show that the proton conductivity of Nafion®/2–HEAF and Nafion®/PAN membranes increased with increasing ionic liquid concentrations. The maximum values of proton conductivity for Nafion®/2–HEAF and Nafion®/PAN membranes were 2.87 and 4.55 mScm−1, respectively, equivalent to 2.2 and 3.5 times that of the pure recast Nafion® membrane.

scholarly journals Ion-exchange studies on poly-o-anisidine Sn(IV) phosphate nano composite and its application as Cd(II) ion-selective membrane electrode

2010 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 396-408 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asif Khan ◽  
Anish Khan
Keyword(s):  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Fast Response ◽  
Indicator Electrode ◽  
Membrane Electrode ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Self Diffusion ◽  
Separation Of Metal Ions ◽  
Selective Membrane ◽  
Entropy Of Activation ◽  
Distribution Studies

AbstractAn organic-inorganic composite, poly-o-anisidine Sn(IV) phosphate, was chemically synthesized by mixing ortho-anisidine into gels of Sn(IV) phosphate with different mixing volume ratios. Studies on the effect of eluant concentration, elution behavior and separation of metal ions were carried out to understand the ion-exchange capabilities. Due to Cd(II) selective nature of composite, revealed by distribution studies, Cd(II) ion selective membrane electrode was fabricated. The analytical utility of the electrode was established by employing it as an indicator electrode in electrometric titrations having fast response time, 3–5s, and long life span of six months. Some physical parameters like self-diffusion coefficient (D0), activation energy (Ea) and entropy of activation (ΔS0) have been evaluated under conditions favoring a particle diffusion-controlled mechanism by studying ion-exchange kinetics.

Preparation and Characterization of Pore Filled Hybrid Composite Membrane Composed of Cation Exchange Materials and Polyethylene Support

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (11) ◽  
pp. 6802-6806
Author(s):  
Tae Ho Ko ◽  
Jun Seong Yun ◽  
Tae Yang Son ◽  
Sang Yong Nam
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Mechanical Strength ◽  
Composite Membrane ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Hybrid Membrane ◽  
Ion Exchange Capacity ◽  
Exchange Performance ◽  
Pristine Film

This study investigated ion exchange membranes for application to seawater desalination processes. This can provide better energy efficiency than the conventional reverse osmosis process. In this experiment, the problem of decreasing ion exchange performance when the ion exchange composite membrane was prepared could be improved through nanoparticles. The nanoparticle added ion exchange hybrid membrane showed ion exchange capacity similar to that of the conventional pristine film. In addition, the polymer having a high ion exchange capacity has poor mechanical strength, but has excellent mechanical strength of 30 MPa or more by the introduction of a polyethylene support.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document