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PeerJ ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. e12742
Author(s):  
Maria Timchenko ◽  
Vladislav Molchanov ◽  
Maxim Molchanov ◽  
Alexander Timchenko ◽  
Evgeny Sogorin

The digestive gland of craboids (hepatopancreas) is rich in a huge number of various enzymes (collagenases, nucleases, hyaluronidases, proteases), which are well studied at the moment. However, little is known about crustacean lipases. In this work, using 1H NMR spectroscopy, it was found that the hepatopancreas homogenate of the red king crab Paralithodes camtschaticus demonstrates high lipolytic activity against triacetin in a wide pH range and shows moderate activity against the caprylic/capric triglyceride emulsion. Under the action of the hepatopancreas homogenate, triacylglycerols are converted into 1,2-diacylglycerol, and then into 2-monoacylglycerol and 1-monoacylglycerol. The 1-monoacylglycerol predominates in the reaction products. The use of NMR spectroscopy makes it possible to quickly detect hydrolysis products and evaluate the reaction direction.


Author(s):  
Balasingh Thangadurai Jebaslinhepzybai ◽  
Elavarasan Samaraj ◽  
Thangaian Kesavan ◽  
Manickam Sasidharan ◽  
J. Arockia Selvi

Hybrid polyoxometalate derived in situ carbon encapsulated molybdenum phosphide (HPOM-MoP/C) exhibits excellent HER activity in a wide pH range.


2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hao Cui ◽  
Rui Dong ◽  
Jinchan Zhao ◽  
Pengfei Tan ◽  
Jianping Xie ◽  
...  

The design of cheap yet effective electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) that can function over a wide pH range is highly desirable. In this work, ultralow Ru incorporated MoS2...


2022 ◽  
pp. 152417
Author(s):  
Linbo Luo ◽  
Sheying Dong ◽  
Hao Chen ◽  
Huijia Jin ◽  
Tinglin Huang
Keyword(s):  

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 256
Author(s):  
Ayame Mikagi ◽  
Koichi Manita ◽  
Asuka Yoyasu ◽  
Yuji Tsuchido ◽  
Nobuyuki Kanzawa ◽  
...  

We have developed a convenient and selective method for the detection of Gram-positive bacteria using a ditopic poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM) dendrimer probe. The dendrimer that was modified with dipicolylamine (dpa) and phenylboronic acid groups showed selectivity toward Staphylococcus aureus. The ditopic dendrimer system had higher sensitivity and better pH tolerance than the monotopic PAMAM dendrimer probe. We also investigated the mechanisms of various ditopic PAMAM dendrimer probes and found that the selectivity toward Gram-positive bacteria was dependent on a variety of interactions. Supramolecular interactions, such as electrostatic interaction and hydrophobic interaction, per se, did not contribute to the bacterial recognition ability, nor did they improve the selectivity of the ditopic dendrimer system. In contrast, the ditopic PAMAM dendrimer probe that had a phosphate-sensing dpa group and formed a chelate with metal ions showed improved selectivity toward S. aureus. The results suggested that the targeted ditopic PAMAM dendrimer probe showed selectivity toward Gram-positive bacteria. This study is expected to contribute to the elucidation of the interaction between synthetic molecules and bacterial surface. Moreover, our novel method showed potential for the rapid and species-specific recognition of various bacteria.


Fermentation ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
Van Hong Thi Pham ◽  
Jaisoo Kim ◽  
Jeahong Shim ◽  
Soonwoong Chang ◽  
Woojin Chung

Microbial enzymes such as protease and amylase are valuable enzymes with various applications, widely investigated for their applications in degradation of organic waste, biofuel industries, agricultural, pharmaceuticals, chemistry, and biotechnology. In particular, extremophiles play an important role in biorefinery due to their novel metabolic products such as high value catalytic enzymes that are active even under harsh environmental conditions. Due to their potentials and very broad activities, this study isolated, investigated, and characterized the protease- and amylase-producing bacterial strain FW2 that was isolated from food waste. Strain FW2 belongs to the genus Bacillus and was found to be closest to Bacillus amyloliquefaciens DSM 7T with a similarity of 99.86%. This strain was able to degrade organic compounds at temperatures from −6 °C to 75 °C (but weak at 80 °C) under a wide pH range (4.5–12) and high-salinity conditions up to 35% NaCl. Maximum enzyme production was obtained at 1200 ± 23.4 U/mL for protease and 2400 ± 45.8 U/mL for amylase for 4 days at pH 7–7.5, 40–45 °C, and 0–10% NaCl. SDS-PAGE analysis showed that the molecular weights of purified protease were 28 kDa and 44 kDa, corresponding to alkaline protease (AprM) and neutral protease (NprM), respectively, and molecular weight of α-amylase was 55 kDa. Degradation food waste was determined after 15 days, observing a 69% of volume decrease. A potential commercial extremozyme-producing bacteria such as strain FW2 may be a promising contributor to waste degradation under extreme environmental conditions.


Author(s):  
Zheng Zhang ◽  
Ruilu Yang ◽  
Yaping Zheng ◽  
Haipeng Bai ◽  
Jian Shi ◽  
...  

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