scholarly journals Dental Occlusion and Ophthalmology: A Literature Review

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 460-468 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicola Marchili ◽  
Eleonora Ortu ◽  
Davide Pietropaoli ◽  
Ruggero Cattaneo ◽  
Annalisa Monaco
Keyword(s):  
Cranial Nerves ◽  
Trigger Points ◽  
Dental Occlusion ◽  
Trigeminal System ◽  
Dental Practice ◽  
Stomatognathic System ◽  
Eye Dominance ◽  
Branchial Arches ◽  
Brainstem Nucleus ◽  
Ocular Convergence

Stomatognathic system is strictly correlated to other anatomical regions; many studies investigated relationship between temporomandibular joint and posture, several articles describe cranio-facial pain from dental causes, such as trigger points. Until now less interest has been given to connections between dental occlusion and ophthalmology, even if they are important and involving. Clinical experience in dental practice claims that mandibular latero-deviation is connected both to eye dominance and to defects of ocular convergence. The trigeminal nerve is the largest and most complex of the twelve cranial nerves. The trigeminal system represents the connection between somitic structures and those derived from the branchial arches, collecting the proprioception from both somitic structures and oculomotor muscles. The intermedius nucleus of the medulla is a small perihypoglossal brainstem nucleus, which acts to integrate information from the head and neck and relays it on to the nucleus of the solitary tract where autonomic responses are generated. This intriguing neurophysiological web led our research group to investigate anatomical and functional associations between dental occlusion and vision. In conclusion, nervous system and functional pathways strictly connect vision and dental occlusion, and in the future both dentists and oculists should be more and more aware of this correlation for a better diagnosis and therapy.

Understanding Posturo-Occlusal Interrelationships by Combining Digital Occlusal and Posture Diagnostic Technologies

2020 ◽  
pp. 1175-1242
Author(s):  
Patrick Girouard, DMD MS
Keyword(s):  
Contact Force ◽  
Positional Information ◽  
Body Posture ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Dental Occlusion ◽  
Occlusal Contact ◽  
Research Software ◽  
Stomatognathic System ◽  
Combined Use ◽  
Mapping Technology

The nature of the interrelationship between whole body posture and the quality of the dental occlusion has not yet to date been clearly documented within the dental or posture literature, as the findings of published studies within both fields have been scarce and inconclusive. The combined use of digital diagnostic occlusal and postural assessment technologies has not been widely employed in these research projects, which has mired both fields' ability to study, to understand, and to clearly ascertain how posture and dental occlusion affect each other physiologically. As such, the specific aims of this chapter are to outline how posture and dental occlusion interrelate through the stomatognathic system's afferent neural inputs into the central nervous system (CNS), which communicate important occlusal contact force distribution information, and equally as important, mandibular spatial positional information within the posture and balance regions of the brain. The concept that the dental occlusion is a capteur for posture (which in English means, a sensor of posture health), is further explored with the inclusion of three differing clinical posturo-occlusal cases, diagnosed and treated with the combined use of the T-Scan 9 computerized occlusal analysis technology, the MatScan/MobileMat foot pressure mapping technology, and the Footmat Research software version 7.10. These presented clinical cases illustrate that improved right-to-left occlusal contact force balance, and improved center of force location within the dental arches, improve a number of measurable sway parameters. Together, the implementation of the T-Scan and the MatScan exquisitely demonstrate to the clinician the significance of the physiologic interrelationship between body posture and the dental occlusion. The presented cases emphasize there exists a whole-body concept that depends upon a variety of differing systems, whereby changes in the dental occlusion produce a phenomenon of bio-functional neuro-reprogramming for the stomatognathic system and the whole body.

scholarly journals Acute Effect of the Compression Technique on the Electromyographic Activity of the Masticatory Muscles and Mouth Opening in Subjects with Active Myofascial Trigger Points

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (21) ◽  
pp. 7750 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michał Ginszt ◽  
Grzegorz Zieliński ◽  
Marcin Berger ◽  
Jacek Szkutnik ◽  
Magdalena Bakalczuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mouth Opening ◽  
Trigger Points ◽  
Acute Effect ◽  
Masticatory Muscles ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Electromyographic Activity ◽  
Compression Technique ◽  
Myofascial Trigger Points ◽  
Stomatognathic System ◽  
Before And After

Active myofascial trigger points (MTrPs) in masticatory muscles are associated with a reduced range of motion and muscle weakness within the stomatognathic system. However, it is hard to identify the most effective treatment technique for disorders associated with MTrPs. The objective of this study was to analyze the acute effect of the compression technique (CT) on active maximal mouth opening (MMO) and electromyographic activity of the masseter (MM) and temporalis anterior (TA) muscles in subjects with active myofascial trigger points in the MM muscles. The study group comprised 26 women (mean age 22 ± 2) with bilateral active myofascial trigger points (MTrPs) in the MM. The control group comprised 26 healthy women (mean age 22 ± 1) without the presence of MTrPs in the MM. Masticatory muscle activity was recorded in two conditions (during resting mandibular position and maximum voluntary clenching) before and after the application of the CT to the MTrPs in MM. After the CT application, a significant decrease in resting activity (3.09 μV vs. 2.37 μV, p = 0.006) and a significant increase in clenching activity (110.20 μV vs. 139.06 μV, p = 0.014) within the MM muscles were observed in the study group, which was not observed within TA muscles. Controls showed significantly higher active MMO values compared to the study group before CT (50.42 mm vs. 46.31 mm, p = 0.024). The differences between the study group after CT and controls, as well as among the study group before and after CT did not reach the assumed level of significance in terms of active MMO. The compression technique appears to be effective in the improvement of the active maximal mouth opening and gives significant acute effects on bioelectric masticatory muscle activity. Therefore, CT seems to be effective in MTrPs rehabilitation within the stomatognathic system.

scholarly journals Aging Trends and Impact on Dental Practice

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amir Catic ◽  
Adnan Catovic ◽  
Dragutin Komar
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Tooth Loss ◽  
Dental Treatment ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Team Approach ◽  
World Population ◽  
Dental Practice ◽  
Stomatognathic System ◽  
Organ Changes

ABSTRACT Aging is a process that takes place in every living individual. Every 10th person of the world population is 60 years old or above. Chronic diseases, low income and social status of the elderly, together with physiological changes caused by aging, affect the condition of the stomatognathic system. In the present article many studies are demonstrated considering tooth loss, state of the stomatognathic system and dental appliances as well as different organ changes in elderly through the years in different countries. The team approach of medical and dental experts in treating elderly patients is emphasized as well as different dental treatment options depending on general health factors.

scholarly journals III. Contributions to the anatomy of the central nervous system of plagiostomata

1886 ◽  
Vol 40 (242-245) ◽  
pp. 10-14 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Cranial Nerves ◽  
Macroscopic Appearance ◽  
Short Account ◽  
The Third ◽  
Branchial Arches ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Difference

After referring to the literature of the subject, the author gives a short account of the macroscopic appearance of the brains of the following species of Plagiostomata, viz., Raja batis, Rhina squatina, Scyllium catulus , and Acanthias vulgaris . He then refers to the distribution of the cranial nerves, especially of the trifacial and vagus, pointing out the resemblance of the distribution of the last-mentioned nerve in Rhina to that described by Gegenbaur in Hexanthus; the difference lying in the fact that in the former the rami branchiales of this nerve, the number of which correspond the number of the branchial arches, divide into two terminal branches only, the rami anteriores and posteriores, the third, the rami pharyngei, being absent.

scholarly journals Craniofacial and neurological manifestations in patients with Guillain-Barré Syndrome.

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Rubén Chumpitaz-Durand ◽  
◽  
Freddy Manayay ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Cranial Nerves ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Guillain Barre Syndrome ◽  
Neurological Manifestations ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Stomatognathic System ◽  
Guillain Barré Syndrome ◽  
Guillain Barré ◽  
Functional Alteration

Introducción: Among the broad range of symptoms of the Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS), patients can present craniofacial manifestations. Consequently, the participation of the dental surgeon in the evaluation of the stomatognathic system using a multidisciplinary approach model is very important. Objective: To identify the craniofacial and neurological manifestations of the Guillain-Barré Syndrome in patients from three hospitals in the district of Lambayeque, Peru, in 2019. Material and Methods: A descriptive, prospective, and cross-sectional study was carried out in 59 patients diagnosed with GBS by means of a clinical evaluation carried out by previously calibrated neurologists (k=0.911). Additionally, an oral evaluation of the oral hygiene index, the periodontal status, and the oral pH was carried out. Data were processed using frequency distribution tables. Results: 44.07% of the patients presented at least one functional alteration, such as unilateral limitation for facial expressions (25.42%), dysphagia (18.64%), alteration in phonation (11.86%), and loss of the sense of taste (6.78%), showing involvement of the corresponding cranial nerves. In addition, unfavorable conditions oforal hygiene and acid pH were observed in some cases, which proved adverse for the periodontal structures of the patients. Conclusion: The study found craniofacial manifestations of GBS, such as cases of unilateral facial palsy, dysphagia, difficulty in phonation, and loss of the sense of taste, due to the alteration of the cranial nerves that command these functions. In addition, poor oral hygiene, and the presence of acidic pH in some patients created an adverse environment for the integrity of the periodontal structures.

Human Neurofibromas in Co-Culture with Mouse Neurons

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 194-195
Author(s):  
R.L. Martuza ◽  
T. Liszczak ◽  
A. Okun ◽  
T-Y Wang
Keyword(s):  
Schwann Cell ◽  
Schwann Cells ◽  
Genetic Disorder ◽  
Cranial Nerves ◽  
Sympathetic Nerves ◽  
Acoustic Neuromas ◽  
Spinal Roots ◽  
Neural Crest Origin ◽  
Multiple Abnormalities ◽  
Other Neoplasms

Neurofibromatosis (NF) is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder with a prevalence of 1/3,000 births. The NF mutation causes multiple abnormalities of various cells of neural crest origin. Schwann cell tumors (neurofibromas, acoustic neuromas) are the most common feature of neurofibromatosis although meningiomas, gliomas, and other neoplasms may be seen. The schwann cell tumors commonly develop from the schwann cells associated with sensory or sympathetic nerves or their ganglia. Schwann cell tumors on ventral spinal roots or motor cranial nerves are much less common. Since the sensory neuron membrane is known to contain a mitogenic factor for schwann cells, we have postulated that neurofibromatosis may be due to an abnormal interaction between the nerve and the schwann cell and that this interaction may be hormonally modulated. To test this possibility a system has been developed in which an enriched schwannoma cell culture can be obtained and co-cultured with pure neurons.

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