scholarly journals Socio-Demographic and Environmental Determinants of Adverse Childhood Experience among School-Going Adolescents in Jimma town, Jimma, Southwest Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-68
Author(s):  
Mekonnen Tsehay ◽  
Mogesie Necho ◽  
Asmare Belete ◽  
Zelalem Belayneh
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Adverse Childhood Experience ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Childhood Experience ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Adverse Childhood

Introduction: Adverse childhood experience in adolescents is a global public health concern. Several risk factors have been identified so far across different parts of the world. However, there is a paucity of data in Ethiopia. Objective: To determine the prevalence and associated factors of Adverse Childhood Experience among school-going adolescents retrospectively. Methods: A cross-sectional school-based study was employed. Participants were selected using a multistage sampling technique. Adverse Childhood Experience Questionnaire Scale for childhood maltreatment. Multiple linear regressions were used to determine the association between Adverse Childhood Experience & associated factors. Results: A total of 546 adolescents participated in the study with a response rate of 86%. The mean (±SD) age of participants was 16.83 ± 1.26 years. The majority (442 (81%)) were studying in public schools and 104 (19%) in private schools. Results show that 51.1% reported at least one, and respondents most often faced two ACEs (29.4%), and as many as 10.4% reported at least four or more ACEs. According to the three categories of adverse childhood experience (ACE), from 329 female adolescents, 144(43.8%) had been abused physically, verbally, or sexually, 65(17.8%) had been neglected, and 169(51.1%) had been household dysfunctional. And also, from 217 male adolescents, 93(42.9%) had been abused physically, verbally, or sexually, 49(22%) had neglected, and 117(53.9%) had household dysfunction. Gender, social support, residence, educational status of parent, and having one or more chronic medical, mental, or neurological disorders were significantly associated with Adverse Childhood Experiences. Conclusion: Results of the study show that there was a significant prevalence of Adverse Childhood Experiences. Adverse Childhood Experiences have a tremendous impact on future health, well-being, and opportunity. Reduction and prevention of Adverse Childhood Experiences are mandatory for all children to reach their full potential. Those who are already exposed to Adverse Childhood Experiences also need social support, help them manage their experiences, and lead meaningful lives.

scholarly journals Adverse childhood experience and asthma onset: a systematic review

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (136) ◽  
pp. 299-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Exley ◽  
Alyson Norman ◽  
Michael Hyland
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Chronic Stress ◽  
Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽  
Independent Effect ◽  
Adverse Childhood Experience ◽  
Childhood Experience ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Adverse Childhood ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Impact

Adverse childhood experiences such as abuse and neglect are associated with subsequent immune dysregulation. Some studies show an association between adverse childhood experiences and asthma onset, although significant disparity in results exists in the published literature.We aimed to review available studies employing a prospective design that investigates associations between adverse childhood experience and asthma. A search protocol was developed and studies were drawn from four electronic journal databases. Studies were selected in accordance with pre-set inclusion criteria and relevant data were extracted.12 studies, assessing data from a total of 31 524 individuals, were identified that investigate the impact of a range of adverse childhood experiences on the likelihood of developing asthma. Evidence suggests that chronic stress exposure and maternal distress in pregnancy operate synergistically with known triggers such as traffic-related air pollution to increase asthma risk.Chronic stress in early life is associated with an increased risk of asthma onset. There is evidence that adverse childhood experience increases the impact of traffic-related air pollution and inconsistent evidence that adverse childhood experience has an independent effect on asthma onset.

scholarly journals ADVERSE CHILDHOOD EXPERIENCE DAN DELIBERATE SELF HARM PADA REMAJA DI INDONESIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 16
Author(s):  
Anindya Dewi Paramita ◽  
Andi Tenri Faradiba ◽  
Khintan Sucitasari Mustofa
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽  
Measuring Instruments ◽  
Adverse Childhood Experience ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Childhood Experience ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Probability Sampling ◽  
Deliberate Self Harm ◽  
Adverse Childhood ◽  
Self Harm

Self-injurious behavior or acts of self-harm that are commonly found in adolescents are form of channeling negative emotions to deal with emotional pain. One reason for this pain was exposure to unpleasant experiences called adverse childhood experiences. This study aims to explore the detrimental effect of experience on self-harm in adolescents. This study used two measuring instruments, the Deliberate Self-Harm Inventory (DSHI) was used to measure DSH and Adverse Childhood Experience Quesionnaire (ACE.Q) was used to measure ACE. There were 168 respondents in the study who participated filling online questionnaire and they were gathered through non-probability sampling technique. The result showed that there was a positive correlation between adverse childhood experiences on self-harm with a sig value of 0.035 <0.05. This means that the higher the ACE, the higher the DSH. Perilaku melukai diri sendiri atau deliberate self-harm (DSH) banyak ditemukan pada remaja sebagai bentuk penyaluran emosi secara negatif untuk mengatasi rasa sakit secara emosional. Salah satu penyebab rasa sakit tersebut adalah adanya paparan pengalaman tidak menyenangkan yang disebut dengan adverse childhood experience (ACE). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh adverse childhood experience terhadap deliberate self-harm pada remaja di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan dua alat ukur, yaitu Deliberate Self-Harm Inventory (DSHI) untuk mengukur DSH dan Adverse Childhood Experience Quesionnaire (ACE.Q) untuk mengukur ACE. Terdapat 168 responden dalam penelitian ini yang diperoleh secara online melalui teknik non-probability sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat korelasi positif antara adverse childhood experience terhadap deliberate self-harm dengan nilai sig 0,035 < 0,05. Artinya, semakin tinggi adverse childhood experience maka semakin tinggi pula kecenderungan melakukan deliberate self-harm     

scholarly journals The effects of adverse childhood experiences on pregnancy-related anxiety and acceptance of motherhood role

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 1217-1228
Author(s):  
Zeliha Özşahin
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽  
Personal Information ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Childhood Experience ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Adverse Childhood Events ◽  
Unit Change ◽  
Adverse Childhood

Background: Adverse childhood experiences are a factor that may cause physical illness and deterioration of lifelong well-being in addition to many mental and psychiatric problems in the future. It is important to question and treat them. Objective: This study examined the effects of adverse childhood experiences on pregnancy-related anxiety and acceptance of motherhood role. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 536 pregnant women. The data were collected using the “Personal Information Form”, the “Adverse Childhood Experience Questionnaire (ACEQ)”, the “Acceptance of Motherhood Role (AoMR)” subscale of the “Prenatal Self Evaluation Questionnaire (PSEQ)” and the “Pregnancy-Related Anxiety Question- naire–Revised 2 (PRAQ-R2)”. Results: It was found that those with high levels of negative childhood experience had higher levels of anxiety in pregnancy and lower acceptance of maternal role than the other groups (p<0.05). Additionally, a one-unit change in the AoMR score led to a 0.23-unit decrease in the ACEQ score, whereas a one-unit change in the PRAQ-R2 score led to a 0.57-unit increase in the ACEQ score (p<0.001). Conclusion: Adverse childhood events increase pregnancy-related anxiety and negatively affect acceptance of motherhood role. Keywords: Adverse childhood events; anxiety; motherhood role; pregnancy.

scholarly journals Parent Exposure to Drugs: A “New” Adverse Childhood Experience With Devastating Behavioral Consequences

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matt DeLisi ◽  
Alan J. Drury ◽  
Michael J. Elbert
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Criminal Career ◽  
Drug Status ◽  
Adverse Childhood Experience ◽  
Childhood Experience ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Adverse Childhood

Household drug abuse is one of the seminal forms of adverse childhood experiences, but it does not fully capture the severity of parents that actively provide or even administer drugs to their children. Drawing on a near population of federal supervised release offenders, the current study examined this “new” adverse childhood experience and its association with antisociality. Multiple analytical techniques (e.g., correlation, binary and multinomial logistic regression, and negative binomial regression) indicated that parent exposure to drugs was significantly associated with current drug status while on supervision, three forms of drug offending, and Cannabis, Cocaine, Methamphetamine, Opiate, and Alcohol Dependence even while controlling for age of arrest onset, sex, race, and current age. We concur with other scholars that more conceptualization and measurement-refinement of adverse childhood experiences is needed to fully understand how early-life trauma shapes the contours of the criminal career.

scholarly journals Family-related adverse childhood experiences as risk factors for psychiatric disorders in Nigeria

2010 ◽  
Vol 196 (3) ◽  
pp. 186-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bibilola D. Oladeji ◽  
Victor A. Makanjuola ◽  
Oye Gureje
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Mental Health Disorders ◽  
Adverse Childhood Experience ◽  
Childhood Experience ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Adverse Childhood ◽  
The Family ◽  
Health Disorders

BackgroundAdverse childhood experiences have been associated with a variety of mental health problems in adult life.AimsTo examine whether this reported link between childhood experiences and mental health disorders in adult life applies in a Sub-Saharan African setting where cultural and family attributes may be different.MethodA multistage random sampling was used in the Nigerian Survey of Mental Health and Well-Being (NSMHW) to select respondents for face-to-face interviews. Assessments of family-related adverse childhood experiences and lifetime mental health disorders were conducted with the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI 3.0).ResultsAlmost half of the respondents had experienced an adverse childhood experience within the context of the family before they were 16 years of age. Associations between adverse childhood experiences and adult mental health disorders were few and were attenuated when clustering of adverse childhood experience and disorder comorbidities were accounted for. There was an elevated likelihood of adult substance use disorders among individuals who had experienced family violence and neglect or abuse. Parental psychopathology was associated with a significantly increased risk for developing mood disorders.ConclusionsAdverse childhood experiences reflecting violence in the family, parental criminality and parental mental illness and substance misuse were more likely to have significant mental health consequences in adulthood.

scholarly journals Inflammation does not mediate an adverse childhood experience– self-harm risk association

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽  
Adverse Childhood Experience ◽  
Childhood Experience ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Adverse Childhood ◽  
Inflammatory Processes ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Risk Association

Inflammation has been proposed to be a candidate mechanism contributing to the association between exposure to adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and the risk of self-harm. In the first study of its kind, researchers in the UK have now directly studied whether inflammatory processes do indeed mediate this association.

scholarly journals Race As An Adverse Childhood Experience [Florida State University]

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serena Bradshaw ◽  
Karen Oehme ◽  
Ann Perko
Keyword(s):  
Later Life ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Traumatic Experience ◽  
Adverse Childhood Experience ◽  
Florida State University ◽  
State University ◽  
Childhood Experience ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Preventative Measures ◽  
Adverse Childhood

The purpose of this study was to explore the issue of race as a trauma related to Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs). The research was specifically focused on the black individual’s experience of being black in America and how this affects the psyche in the role of healing. The goal of this research is to help researchers think about the profound effects of race and help strengthen the ACEs scale. The ACEs scale is a scale that identifies trauma which is linked to later life well-being and health. Identifying ACEs, carefully understanding them, and providing preventative measures allow for healing and resilience building. This research is not the first of its kind, but is the first to be applied to the ACE scale. Databases of research were searched to find materials that include, but were not limited to: ACES, black trauma, post-enslavement, the psyche of African Americans, and other dynamics in the black community which combine to make the assumption that race is a traumatic experience. There was also research on the similarities and parallels of trauma within other cultures and ethnic groups. This resulted in the provocative conclusion that race is in fact an adverse childhood experience related to trauma. With this notion in mind, racial traumas should be accounted for in the new ACEs scales in order to help improve the well-being of minority populations. This is essential in ACEs for minority communities, which will lead to better preventive measures and healing efforts that will be culturally sensitive and accurate.

scholarly journals Prevalence and correlates of adverse childhood experiences among adolescents living with HIV-AIDS in Lagos, Nigeria

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-28
Author(s):  
S Adeyemo ◽  
I Adeosun ◽  
O Ogun ◽  
A Adegbohun
Keyword(s):  
Child Abuse ◽  
Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽  
Previous History ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
Adverse Childhood Experience ◽  
Childhood Experience ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Adverse Childhood ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Aids

Objective: Adverse childhood experience is a known risk factor for risky behavior and negative mental health outcomes. There is dearth of information on adverse childhood experiences among adolescents living with HIV-AIDS in Nigeria. This study assessed the prevalence, pattern and correlates of adverse childhood experience among adolescents with HIV/AIDS attending two tertiary health facilities in Lagos, Nigeria.Method: Using a cross-sectional study design, 201 adolescents with HIV-AIDS attending out-patient clinics at the Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Yaba, Lagos and the Lagos state University Teaching Hospital completed the adverse childhood experience questionnaire (ACE) and a socio-demographic questionnaire. The data was analysed with SPSS version 20. Result: The mean age of the participants was 13.88 (± 2.53) years, and 61.7% were males. High levels of adverse childhood experiences ( AC E > 4 ) were reported by 28.4% of the participants. Nearly three quarters (73.6%) were victims of physical abuse, while 48.7% and 11.8% had been emotionally and sexually abused. There was statistically significant association between high levels of adverse experiences in childhood and occupational class of the father (p=0.022), previous history of hospitalisation (p=0.027) and having HIV positive siblings (p=0.009). Conclusion: There is a crucial need for interventions targeted towards prevention of physical, emotional and sexual child abuse, and other forms of adverse childhood experiences.HIV-AIDS, adverse childhood experiences, child abuse, adolescents

scholarly journals EFFECT OF ADVERSE CHILDHOOD EXPERIENCES ON DAILY SUPPORT TO FAMILY AND EMOTIONAL WELL-BEING IN ADULTHOOD

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S235-S235
Author(s):  
Jooyoung Kong ◽  
Yin Liu ◽  
David Almeida
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
Family Relationships ◽  
Emotional Support ◽  
Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Well Being ◽  
National Study ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Adverse Childhood ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Extensive evidence suggests that adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) can lead to negative health effects across a lifetime. This study examines the impact of ACEs on the frequency of providing daily support (i.e., unpaid assistance, emotional support, and disability-related assistance) to family members and the moderating effects of ACEs in the association between providing daily support to family and daily negative affect. Using the National Study of Daily Experiences II, we analyzed a total of 14,912 daily interviews from 2,022 respondents aged 56 on average. Key results showed that a greater number of ACEs were associated with providing more frequent emotional support to family. We also found the significant interaction effect that adults with more ACEs showed greater negative affect on the days when they provided assistance to family members with disabilities. The findings underscore the long-term negative impact of ACEs on daily well-being in the context of family relationships.

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