scholarly journals Characterisation of Municipal Solid Waste for Planning Sustainable Waste Management in Kumba Municipality – South Western Cameroon

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.B. Tambe ◽  
G.C. Ayongwa ◽  
N.M. Ngwabie ◽  
G.T. Forbid
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Waste Generation ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Systematic Random Sampling ◽  
West Region ◽  
Per Capita

Municipal solid waste (MSW) characterisation across socioeconomic residents is necessary for planning sustainable solid waste management. In view of planning for Kumba municipality in the South West Region of Cameroon, three types of socioeconomic residents classified as low, medium and high income residential areas were randomly sampled. In each residential area, 32 households were sampled following systematic random sampling. Over a period of eight weeks within three periods characterised with varying activities, statistically designed number of samples for waste composition were hand sorted and weighed at source of generation. The study revealed that the per capita generation of putrescible and miscellaneous wastes (predominantly sand, ash and dust) were statistically different (p < 0.05) across residents and were inversely related to income while the generation of plastics, metals, papers, glass except textiles were statistically different across residents and were positively related to income. Putrescible waste was the most predominant waste category constituting more than 75% across residents. No significant differences were observed for per capita waste generation across residents during the entire period of study and within residents during the different periods over which the waste categories were measured. However, within the different periods, waste generation was significantly different across residents with more waste being produced in low income residents. The waste density was found to decrease with increasing income. The observed variation of waste generation and composition has implications for collection frequency, equipment needs, composting and digestion of the biodegradable for biogas generation to sustain the solid waste management sector.

scholarly journals Municipal Solid Waste Management In Visakhapatnam City, India

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 3604-3607
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
User Satisfaction ◽  
Urban Population ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste Management ◽  
Waste Generation ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Waste Generation Rate

Management of solid waste is a major challenge for most of the urban local bodies in developing countries primarily due to the rising urban population and per capita waste generation rate. Improper management of municipal solid waste leads to repulsive condition of streets and spreading of diseases. The present study is an attempt to evaluate the user satisfaction on the performance of the Greater Visakhapatnam Municipal Corporation (GVMC) with regard to solid waste management. The findings of the study are going to be useful to the urban local bodies and GVMC in particular to identify the performance gaps and to initiate measures for further improvement.

The impact of socioeconomic factors on municipal solid waste generation in São Paulo, Brazil

2017 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor H Argentino de Morais Vieira ◽  
Dácio R Matheus
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Socioeconomic Factors ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste Management ◽  
Waste Generation ◽  
Solid Waste Generation ◽  
Per Capita

Social factors have not been sufficiently explored in municipal solid waste management studies. Latin America has produced even fewer studies with this approach; technical and economic investigations have prevailed. We explored the impacts of socioeconomic factors on municipal solid waste generation in Greater Sao Paulo, which includes 39 municipalities. We investigated the relations between municipal solid waste generation and social factors by Pearson’s correlation coefficient. The Student’s t-test (at p ← 0.01) proved significance, and further regression analysis was performed with significant factors. We considered 10 socioeconomic factors: population, rural population, density, life expectancy, education (secondary, high and undergraduate level), income per capita, inequality and human development. A later multicollinearity analysis resulted in the determination of inequality (rp = 0.625) and income per capita (rp = 0.607) as major drivers. The results showed the relevance of considering social aspects in municipal solid waste management and isolated inequality as an important factor in planning. Inequality must be used as a complementary factor to income, rather than being used exclusively. Inequality may explain differences of waste generation between areas with similar incomes because of consumption patterns. Therefore, unequal realities demand unequal measures to avoid exacerbation, for example, pay-as-you-throw policies instead of uniform fees. Unequal realities also highlight the importance of tiering policies beyond the waste sector, such as sustainable consumption.

scholarly journals Toward a Sustainable Municipal Solid Waste Management: Gaps and Challenges in Africa

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Shi ◽  
Yao Wang ◽  
Yang Yue ◽  
Jun Zhao ◽  
Tek Maraseni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Spatial Data Analysis ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste Management ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Per Capita

Abstract This paper comprehensively evaluates the status of municipal solid waste (MSW) management in 54 African countries, with particular attention on MSW generation, collection, disposal, and related legislations from economical and geographical perspectives. By non-spatial data analysis model, the controlling factors that affect the daily MSW generation per capita are determined. The results show the heterogeneity of daily per capita MSW generation across African countries, ranging from 0.1 kg to 1.49 kg in 2016, largely affected by income level, national laws, geographical location and frequency of collection, particularly by GDP per capita and legislation system. The higher MSW generation, collection rates and disposal rate often occurred in economically developed maritime countries. In addition, the wide gap of MSW collection rate not only existed between African countries, but also existed within a country, even in a city, especially for low-income and middle-income countries. Moreover, there was a lack of solid waste regulations in majority Africa countries, and they are poorly implemented while where there are regulations. Based on MSW generation prediction model, the total MSW generation in Africa is expected to triple in 2050, making the future of solid waste management in Africa more challenging.

Municipal solid waste generation, composition, and management: the global scenario

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 917-948
Author(s):  
Kapil Dev Sharma ◽  
Siddharth Jain
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Technology Selection ◽  
Waste Generation ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The World ◽  
Solid Waste Generation

Purpose Due to the increasing population and prosperity, the generation rate of municipal solid waste (MSW) has increased significantly, resulting in serious problems on public health and the environment. Every single person in the world is affected by the municipal solid waste management (MSWM) issue. MSWM is reaching a critical level in almost all areas of the world and seeking the development of MSW strategies for a sustainable environment. This paper aims to present the existing global status of MSW generation, composition, management and related problems. Design/methodology/approach A total of 59 developed and developing countries have been grouped based on their gross national income to compare the status of various MSWM technologies among them. A total of 19 selection criteria have been discussed to select appropriate MSWM technology(s) for a city/town, which affects their applicability, operational suitability and performance. All risks and challenges arising during the life cycle of the waste to energy (WtE) project have also been discussed. This paper also gives a comparative overview of different globally accepted MSWM technologies and the present market growth of all WtE technologies. Findings It was found that most developed countries have effectively implemented the solid waste management (SWM) hierarchy and are now focusing heavily on reducing, reusing and recycling of MSW. On the other hand, SWM has become very serious in low-income and low-middle-income countries because most of the MSW openly dumps and most countries are dependent on inadequate waste infrastructure and the informal sector. There are also some other major challenges related to effective waste policies, availability of funds, appropriate technology selection and adequacy of trained people. This study clears the picture of MSW generation, composition, management strategies and policies at the worldwide context. This manuscript could be valuable for all nations around the world where effective MSWM has not yet been implemented. Originality/value This study clears the picture of solid waste generation, composition, management strategies and policies at the worldwide context. This manuscript could be valuable for all nations around the world where effective MSWM has not yet been implemented. In this study, no data was generated. All supporting data were obtained from previously published papers in journals, the outcomes of the international conferences and published reports by government organizations.

scholarly journals Optimization of the Solid Waste Management System in Saint-Petersburg Based on the Morphological Composition Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 193 ◽  
pp. 02037 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Chusov ◽  
Ekaterina Neguliaeva ◽  
Mikhail Romanov
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Management System ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Waste Generation ◽  
Saint Petersburg ◽  
Morphological Composition ◽  
Composition Study ◽  
Solid Waste Management System

The article presents the results of research (2013-2017) on the seasonal morphological composition of Municipal Solid Waste and forecasting the waste generation volume for Saint Petersburg. The authors propose ways to improve the system of solid waste management in St. Petersburg based on these researches.

scholarly journals Life-cycle assessment of the municipal solid waste management system in Hangzhou, China (EASEWASTE)

2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 399-406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Zhao ◽  
Hong-Tao Wang ◽  
Wen-Jing Lu ◽  
Anders Damgaard ◽  
Thomas H. Christensen
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste Management ◽  
Waste Generation ◽  
Plastic Bags ◽  
Solid Waste Management System

With the purpose of assessing the environmental impacts and benefits of the current municipal solid waste management system and two modified systems, EASEWASTE, a life-cycle-based model, was used to evaluate the waste system of Hangzhou city in China. An integrated model was established, including waste generation, collection, transportation, treatment, disposal and accompanying external processes. The results showed that CH4 released from landfilling was the primary pollutant contributing to global warming, and HCl and NH3 from incineration contributed most to acidification. Material recycling and incineration with energy recovery were important because of the induced savings in material production based on virgin materials and in energy production based on coal combustion. A modified system in which waste is transported to the nearest incinerators would be relatively better than the current system, mainly due to the decrease of pollution from landfilled waste and the increase in energy production from waste avoiding energy production by traditional power plants. A ban on free plastic bags for shopping was shown to reduce most environmental impacts due to saved oil resources and other materials used in producing the plastic bags. Sensitivity analysis confirmed the robustness of the results. LCA methodology and a model like EASEWASTE are very suitable for evaluating the overall environmental consequences, and can be used for decision support and strategic planning in developing countries such as China where pollution control has become increasingly important with the rapid increase of waste generation as well as the increasing public awareness of environmental protection.

Status of municipal solid waste generation and disposal in Nigeria

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Chidozie Nnaji
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste Management ◽  
Waste Generation ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Municipal Waste Management ◽  
Solid Waste Generation

Purpose – This paper examined the current status of municipal solid waste management across Nigeria. The core aspects covered are generation, characterization, collection, scavenging, open dumping, disposal and environmental implications of poor solid waste management. The purpose of this paper is to present a comprehensive overview of the current state of municipal solid waste management in Nigeria. Design/methodology/approach – This study was executed by a combination of an extensive literature search and field study. Solid waste generation rates for 31 Nigerian cities were obtained from literature. In addition, characteristics of municipal solid waste from 26 Nigerian cities were also obtained from literature. Other aspects such as characterization of solid waste obtained from final dumpsite and heavy metals accumulation in solid waste dumpsites were undertaken first hand. Findings – Solid waste generation rate was found to vary from 0.13 kg/capita/day in Ogbomosho to 0.71 kg/capita/day in Ado-Ekiti. Factors affecting solid waste generation rates were identified. Typically, food waste was found to constitute close to 50 percent of overall municipal solid waste in Nigerian cities. This study shows that the rate of generation of plastics, water proof materials and diapers has assumed an upward trend. Due to the dysfunctional state of many municipal waste management authorities, many cities have been overrun by open dumps. For instance, more than 50 percent of residents of Maiduguri in northern Nigeria and Ughelli in southern Nigeria dispose of their waste in open dumps. Indiscriminate disposal of waste has also resulted in the preponderance of toxic heavy metals in agricultural soils and consequent bioaccumulation in plants as well as groundwater contamination. Research limitations/implications – The main limitation of this research is municipal waste management authorities do not have relevant data. Hence, there was heavy reliance on published materials. The status of waste management in Nigeria is very deplorable and therefore poses serious threats to public and environmental health. There is urgent need for both government and individuals to adopt holistic and sustainable waste management strategies in order to safeguard public/environmental health. Practical implications – Findings from this paper can form a veritable resource for the formulation and implementation of sustainable municipal solid waste management framework and strategies in Nigeria. Originality/value – While most studies on municipal solid waste management in Nigeria are focussed on selected cities of interest, this particular study cuts across most cities of Nigeria in order to present a broader and holistic view of municipal solid waste management in Nigeria. The paper has also unraveled core municipal solid waste management challenges facing Nigerian cities.

Municipal Solid Waste Management in a Low Income Economy Through Biogas and Bioethanol Production

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kodwo Miezah ◽  
Kwasi Obiri-Danso ◽  
Zsófia Kádár ◽  
Stefan Heiske ◽  
Bernard Fei-Baffoe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste Management ◽  
Bioethanol Production

Data uncertainties in material flow analysis: Municipal solid waste management system in Maputo City, Mozambique

2016 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 120-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leticia Sarmento dos Muchangos ◽  
Akihiro Tokai ◽  
Atsuko Hanashima
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Material Flow ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Flow Analysis ◽  
Material Flow Analysis ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste Management ◽  
Waste Generation ◽  
Maputo City

Material flow analysis can effectively trace and quantify the flows and stocks of materials such as solid wastes in urban environments. However, the integrity of material flow analysis results is compromised by data uncertainties, an occurrence that is particularly acute in low-and-middle-income study contexts. This article investigates the uncertainties in the input data and their effects in a material flow analysis study of municipal solid waste management in Maputo City, the capital of Mozambique. The analysis is based on data collected in 2007 and 2014. Initially, the uncertainties and their ranges were identified by the data classification model of Hedbrant and Sörme, followed by the application of sensitivity analysis. The average lower and upper bounds were 29% and 71%, respectively, in 2007, increasing to 41% and 96%, respectively, in 2014. This indicates higher data quality in 2007 than in 2014. Results also show that not only data are partially missing from the established flows such as waste generation to final disposal, but also that they are limited and inconsistent in emerging flows and processes such as waste generation to material recovery (hence the wider variation in the 2014 parameters). The sensitivity analysis further clarified the most influencing parameter and the degree of influence of each parameter on the waste flows and the interrelations among the parameters. The findings highlight the need for an integrated municipal solid waste management approach to avoid transferring or worsening the negative impacts among the parameters and flows.

Solid Waste Management Practices in Pakistan

2020 ◽  
pp. 248-269
Author(s):  
Maria Manzoor ◽  
Iram Gul ◽  
Irum Iqrar ◽  
Muhammad Arshad
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Environmental Issue ◽  
Waste To Energy ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Waste Generation ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Waste Management Practices

This chapter covers different aspects of solid waste management (SWM) in Pakistan. Being a developing country, Pakistan is facing serious environmental issue as a result of improper and limited SWM practices. The current status of waste generation is far high than waste management operation working in the country. Detailed information has been provided on account of waste generation per capita, waste composition and types, current status of waste management practices, policy and legislations on solid waste management. Furthermore, particular challenges in local setups for achieving waste management goals have been highlighted. There is urgent need to look into the various options to deal with proper management of solid waste in the country. In this regard, various projects by governmental and private sector have been initiated. Particularly, projects related to waste to energy (WTE) have been planned and operational in certain parts of the country.

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