Development and validation of an instrument to measure parental factors related to substance use prevention in adolescents

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyed Mohsen Mehri ◽  
Alireza Rohban ◽  
Masoumeh Hashemian ◽  
Hamid Joveini ◽  
Ali Mehri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Content Validity ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Substance Use Prevention ◽  
Parental Factors ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Confirmatory Factor

Background: The average age of using illicit drugs for the first time in adolescents has decreased in Iran over the past years. Studies show that family and environment play a notable role in keeping adolescents away from substances. Aims: The present study is an attempt to develop and validate a model-based questionnaire to measure parental factors related to substance use prevention in adolescents. Methods: This methodological study was carried out on 336 parents of high school students in Sabzevar-Iran in 2018. The first draft of the questionnaire, including 136 items, was developed based on the constructs of the health promotion model (HPM) using similar questionnaires, literature review, and interviewing 9 qualified experts. The validity of the questionnaire was measured through face validity (qualitative and quantitative), content validity (qualitative and quantitative), and construct validity (confirmatory factor analysis). The reliability of the questionnaire was measured by internal consistency and test-retest reliability. SPSS ver. 16 and LISREL ver. 8.2 software were used for statistical analysis. Results: Throughout the validation process, 35 items were omitted, and the final version of the questionnaire consisting of 101 items was developed. The overall content validity ratio was 0.81, which indicates proper and understandable content of the items. The overall content validity index was 0.96, which indicates excellent expert validity. The Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of the questionnaire was 0.85 (constructs range= 0.73-0.96), and the intraclass correlation coefficient of the questionnaire was 0.78 (constructs range= 0.46-0.91), which indicates that the questionnaire has good internal consistency and testretest reliability. Further, the confirmatory factor analysis yielded an appropriate fit for the model (RMSEA= 0.069, χ2/df= 2.77, GFI= 0.60, AGFI= 0.83, CFI= 0.83, NNFI= 0.83). Conclusion: The validity and reliability of the HPM-based questionnaire were supported. Therefore, the questionnaire can be used by health educators and health policymakers in empowerment programs for parents to improve their behavioral skills concerning the prevention of substance use in their adolescents.

scholarly journals Validity and reliability of the lederman Prenatal Self-Evaluation Questionnaire (PSEQ) in Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Janiny Lima e Silva ◽  
Matheus de Sousa Mata ◽  
Saionara Maria Aires Câmara ◽  
Íris do Céu Clara Costa ◽  
Kleyton Santos de Medeiros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Psychosocial Adaptation ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Evaluation Questionnaire ◽  
Self Evaluation ◽  
Confirmatory Factor

Abstract Background The Lederman Prenatal Self-Evaluation Questionnaire (PSEQ) is used to assess psychosocial adaptation to pregnancy, labor, childbirth, and maternity. The PSEQ is a tool used in various countries and has been translated into Portuguese; however, it needs to be validated in Brazil. This study aimed to analyze the validity and reliability of the PSEQ in Brazilian pregnant women. Method This methodological validity study investigated internal consistency and reliability using Cronbach’s alpha and intraclass correlation coefficients. Construct validity was assessed using Pearson’s correlation between domains and confirmatory factor analysis. To assess concurrent validity, Pearson’s correlation between the different domains of the PSEQ and Prenatal Psychosocial Profile-Portuguese Version (PPP-VP) was determined. The level of significance was set at 5%. Results This study included 399 pregnant women in the northeastern region of Brazil. The internal consistency and reliability of the total PSEQ score were high (Cronbach's alpha = 0.89; intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.95). Validity analysis showed positive and significant correlations between all PSEQ domains, ranging from 0.14 to 0.56. Confirmatory factor analysis demonstrated the following values of goodness of fit: RMSEA = 0.05, SRMR = 0.08, CFI = 0.61, χ2/df = 1.77. The discriminant and concurrent validities of the PSEQ were confirmed. Conclusions The Portuguese version of the PSEQ has adequate psychometric properties and is a valid and reliable tool to evaluate psychosocial adaptation to pregnancy in Brazilian pregnant women.

scholarly journals Psychometric properties of a Chinese version of the Fraboni Scale of Ageism: evidence from medical students sample

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun-Yao Fan ◽  
Hui-Min Zhao ◽  
Yue-Ting Liu ◽  
Ling-Lin Kong ◽  
Jing Mao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Construct Validity ◽  
Content Validity ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Chinese Version ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Chinese Medical Students

Abstract Background The increasing of older adults has led to enormous demand for medical care. However, as a group with unique needs and characteristics, older adults are often discriminated against in the medical field. In this paper, we aimed to translate the Fraboni Scale of Ageism (FSA) into Chinese and examine its construct validity, content validity, and reliability in Chinese mainland medical students. In order to evaluate the prevalence of ageism in Chinese medical students and prompt medical college to adopt necessary teaching methods to mitigate ageism in medical students. Methods By Brislin's translation guidelines, FSA was translated to Chinese. The convenient sampling method was used to select samples for this survey, including 1,974 students from two medical schools in central and north China. Construct validity was verified by the exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. The content validity index (CVI) was used to assess content validity. The Cronbach's alpha coefficients and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) were used to estimate reliability. Results The alpha coefficients for FSA (Chinese version) was 0.81 and ICC was 0.87. The CVI was 0.93. Three factors were identified by exploratory factor analysis explaining 34.84% of the total variance and a three-factor model was confirmed to fit by confirmatory factor analysis. Conclusions FSA (Chinese version) is a reliable and valid scale for measuring discrimination degree against the older adults in Chinese medical students.

scholarly journals Validation and Shortening Questionnaires Used in Surveys and Trials on Populations with Substance use Disorders: A Method using the Fatigue Severity Scale

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jørn Henrik Vold ◽  
Rolf Gjestad ◽  
Christer Aas ◽  
Eivind Meland ◽  
Kjell Arne Johansson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
Linear Mixed Model ◽  
Severity Scale ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Fatigue Severity

Abstract BackgroundPrecise and valid measurements of health outcomes and exposures among people with substance use disorders (SUDs) is essential to improve health services and health within this group. Unfortunately, many of the standardized questionnaires are validated on other populations and are often too comprehensive, and insufficiently adapted to the group. This may introduce limitations on several aspects that can be assessed but also biases due to research participation fatigue. New methods are needed to validate shortened and adapted questionnaires for this population. This study aims to present a method on how to shorten validated questionnaires and assure a construct validity when applied to SUD populations. MethodsWe used the data from a nested cohort with responses on a nine-item Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS-9), and Visual Analog Fatigue Scale (VAFS) collected from 655 people with SUD in Bergen and Stavanger, Norway, in the period 2016-2020. A total of 225 people filled out FSS-9 and VAFS at least twice. We defined baseline as the first measurement of FSS and VAFS when the measurements were sorted chronologically per participant. A three-step method was used for validation and shortening: Checking of internal consistency; longitudinal confirmatory factor analysis; linear mixed model analysis.ResultsThe internal consistency of FSS-9 was excellent with a Cronbach’s coefficient α on 0.94 at baseline and 0.92 at the second measurement. When shortening FSS-9 to a three-item FSS (FSS-3) (items 5-7), the Cronbach’s coefficient α was 0.87 at baseline and 0.85 at the second measurement. The internal consistency was not affected when VAFS was added to FSS-9 and FSS-3, respectively. The longitudinal confirmatory factor analysis model between baseline and second measurement showed a well-fitted model for FSS-3 (χ2 = 13.33, degree of freedom = 8, P = 0.101) with a correlation on r = 0.52, P < 0.001 between the measurements. The linear mixed model analysis showed equal linear changes at individual level for FSS-3 (slope: 0.00, P > 0.05) and FSS-9 (slope: 0.01, P > 0.05) between the measurements.ConclusionThe ten items could be shortened to a three-item version with excellent validity and reliability. This method could be useful for validating and shortening other questionnaires among patients with SUD and other populations.

scholarly journals Eating Competence among a Select Sample of Brazilian Adults: Translation and Reproducibility Analyses of the Satter Eating Competence Inventory

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 2145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabiana Lopes Nalon de Queiroz ◽  
Eduardo Yoshio Nakano ◽  
Verônica Cortez Ginani ◽  
Raquel Braz Assunção Botelho ◽  
Wilma Maria Coelho Araújo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Eating Attitudes ◽  
Brazilian Portuguese ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Eating Competence

This study aimed to translate and validate the Satter Eating Competence Inventory (ecSI2.0TM) from English to Brazilian Portuguese. The process included three steps: (i) translation and back-translation of the original ecSI2.0TM to Brazilian Portuguese; (ii) evaluation of its reproducibility; (iii) a pilot study to validate the Brazilian version of the Satter Eating Competence Inventory (ecSI2.0TMBR) for a selected sample of the Brazilian adult population (internal consistency and factor validity). The reproducibility (test–retest reliability) was verified using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) obtained by the responses of 32 Brazilian adults. All domains of the ecSI2.0TMBR and the total score showed ICC > 0.8. Considering the entire questionnaire, none of the domains presented significant divergences among the participants’ responses (p < 0.001). In the pilot study with 662 individuals, 74.9% (n= 496) were female, mean age was 40.33 ± 12.55, and they presented a higher level of schooling and income. Analyses revealed Cronbach’s alpha coefficients of 0.869 for the ecSI2.0TMBR total scale, 0.793 for Eating Attitudes, 0.527 for Internal Regulation, 0.728 for Food Acceptance, and 0.822 for Contextual Skills. In general, the ecSI2.0™BR presented good acceptability, showing total floor and ceiling effects of ≤0.6%. Factor validity was examined by confirmatory factor analysis. The four domains presented a good fit in the confirmatory factor analysis: RMSEA = 0.0123 (95% CI: 0–0.0266); CFI = 0.998; χ2 = 75.9; df = 69; p = 0.266. The ecSI2.0TMBR is the first tool designed to measure eating competence (EC) in the Brazilian population, showing good reproducibility and internal consistency. We expect the ecSI2.0TMBR will support innovative research to investigate the association of EC and health outcomes, as well as new strategies based on emerging behavioral theories to enhance nutritional education policy.

scholarly journals Psychometric Properties of the Chinese (Putonghua) Version of the Oxford Cognitive Screen (OCS-P) in Subacute Poststroke Patients without Neglect

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen-jun Hong ◽  
Jing Tao ◽  
Alex W. K. Wong ◽  
Shan-li Yang ◽  
Man-tak Leung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Content Validity ◽  
Picture Naming ◽  
Intrarater Reliability ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Cognitive Screen ◽  
Healthy Participants ◽  
Reliability Coefficients

Background. Oxford Cognitive Screen is designed for assessing cognitive functions of poststroke patients. This study was aimed to assess the psychometric properties of the Chinese (Putonghua) version of the Oxford Cognitive Screen-Putonghua (OCS-P) for use among poststroke patients without neglect. Methods. Expert review panel evaluated content validity of the Chinese-translated items. After pilot tested the translated items, the patients and healthy participants completed the OCS-P as well as the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA-ChiB) and Goldenberg’s test. A group of patients completed OCS-P for the second time within seven days. Data analyses included confirmatory factor analysis, item difficulty and item-total correlation, inter- and intrarater reliability, internal consistency, and between-group discrimination. Results. One hundred patients and 120 younger (n=60) or older (n=60) healthy participants completed all the tests. Modifications were required for items in the “Picture Naming”, “Orientation”, and “Sentence Reading” subscales. Confirmatory factor analysis revealed a three-factor structure for the OCS-P subscales. The internal consistency coefficients for the three identified test dimensions were 0.30 to 0.52 (Cronbach’s alpha). Construct validity coefficients between the OCS-P and MoCA-ChiB subscales were 0.45 < r < 0.79 (p<0.001) and the “Praxis” subscale of OCS-P and Goldenberg’s test was r=0.72 (p<0.001). The interrater reliability coefficients for the subscales were in general higher than the intrarater reliability coefficients. The “Picture Naming” and “Numerical Cognition” subscales were the most significant (p=0.003) for differentiating patient participants from their older healthy counterpart. Conclusion. This study generated satisfactory evidence on the content validity, substantive validity, construct validity, inter- and intrarater reliability, and known-group discrimination of the OCS-P. They support its application among poststroke patients who speak Putonghua. Future studies could review the existing five-dimension domains for improving its structural validity and internal consistency as well as generate evidence of the OCS-P for use among the poststroke patients with neglect.

scholarly journals Development and validation of the Eyewitness Metamemory Scale

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renan Benigno Saraiva ◽  
Inger Mathilde van Boeijen ◽  
LORRAINE HOPE ◽  
Robert Horselenberg ◽  
Melanie SAUERLAND ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Face Recognition ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Content Validity ◽  
Eyewitness Identification ◽  
Factorial Validity ◽  
Memory Strategies ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Development And Validation

Metamemory can be defined as the knowledge about one’s memory capabilities and about strategies that can aid memory. In this paper, we describe the development and validation of the Eyewitness Metamemory Scale (EMS), tailored specifically for use in face memory and eyewitness identification settings. Participants (N = 800) completed the EMS and other measures on general metamemory. Results from exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis revealed good factorial validity, internal consistency, and content validity. The EMS items emerged into three distinct factors: memory contentment, memory discontentment and memory strategies. The EMS is a brief and easily administrable questionnaire that might be used to assess self-ratings of face recognition capacity and use of strategies to encode faces.

Understanding Perception of Weight Stigma: Development and Validation of Perceived Weight Stigmatization Scale

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 869-897
Author(s):  
Atiqa Rafeh ◽  
Rubina Hanif
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
University Students ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analysis ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Weight Stigma ◽  
Principal Component Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Perceived Weight ◽  
Weight Stigmatization

The present study was intended to develop a scale to measure perceived weight stigmatization among people with obesity. The study was conducted in five steps. In first step, three focus group discussions were conducted with female obese university students to get the first-hand information related to weight stigmatization. Step two involved four interviews which were conducted with male obese university students to collect detailed information about weight stigmatization experiences of men. Step three included content analysis of qualitative data for item generation. In step four, judge’s opinion was taken, and a committee approach was carried out to select the items for the initial form of the scale. Items for final form of the scale were selected through exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis in step five. For exploratory factor analysis, 150 university students (men = 61, women = 89) were included in the sample, whereas, for confirmatory factor analysis, another group of students (men = 78, women = 72) participated in the study. Principal Component Factor Analysis revealed three meaningful structures including Self-Perception, Perceived Social Rejection, and Perceived Impact containing 43 items. Confirmatory factor analysis confirmed this factor structure and all 43 items possessed factor loadings greater than .40. Moreover, results indicated that perceived weight stigmatization had high internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha = .96) with three subscales having internal consistency .95, .83, and .92 respectively. Therefore, Perceived Weight Stigmatization Scale turned out to be a reliable and valid instrument for measuring perception of weight stigma in adults with obesity.

Confirmatory Factor Analysis, Internal Consistency, Gender Differential Item Functioning and Discriminant Validity of the Fear of COVID-5 Scale Amidst Emerging Adult University Students in Mexico

2021 ◽  
pp. 003022282110162
Author(s):  
Adalberto Campo-Arias ◽  
Andrés Felipe Tirado-Otálvaro ◽  
Isabel Álvarez-Solorza ◽  
Carlos Arturo Cassiani-Miranda
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Differential Item Functioning ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Emerging Adult ◽  
One Dimension ◽  
Item Functioning ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Gender Differential

The study aimed to perform confirmatory factor analysis, internal consistency, gender differential item functioning, and discriminant validity of the Fear of COVID-5 Scale in emerging adult students of a university in Mexico. Confirmatory factor analysis, internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha and McDonald's omega), and gender differential item functioning were estimated (Kendall tau b correlation). The Fear of COVID-5 Scale showed a one-dimension structure (RMSEA = 0.07, CFI = 0.98, TLI = 0.96, and SRMR = 0.02), with high internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha of 0.78 and McDonald's omega of 0.81), non-gender differential item functioning (Kendall tau b between 0.07 and 0.10), and significant discriminant validity (Higher scores for fear of COVID-19 were observed in high clinical anxiety levels). In conclusion, the Fear of COVID-5 Scale presents a clear one-dimension structure similar to a previous study.

Development and Validation of a Perceived Barriers to Physical Activity Scale for Low-Income Adolescents

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Cheng Li ◽  
Christy Hullings ◽  
Wei Wang ◽  
Debra M. Palmer Keenan
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analysis ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Concurrent Validity ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Perceived Barriers ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Fit Index

Background: Low-income adolescents’ physical activity (PA) levels fall below current recommendations. Perceived barriers to physical activity (PBPA) are likely significant predictors of PA levels; however, valid and reliable measures to assess PA barriers are lacking. This manuscript describes the development of the PBPA Survey for Low-Income Adolescents. Methods: A mixed-method approach was used. Items identified from the literature and revised for clarity and appropriateness (postcognitive interviews) were assessed for test–retest reliability with 74 adolescents using intraclass correlation coefficient. Items demonstrating low intraclass correlation coefficients or floor effects were removed. Both exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis analyses (n = 1914 low-income teens) were used to finalize the scale; internal consistency was assessed by Cronbach’s alpha. Concurrent validity was established by correlating the PBPA with the PA questionnaire for adolescents using a Spearman correlation. Results: The exploratory factor analysis yielded a 38-item, 7-factor solution, which was cross-validated by confirmatory factor analysis (comparative-fit index, nonnormed fit index = .90). The scale’s Cronbach’s alpha was .94, with subscales ranging from .70 to .88. The PBPA Survey for Low-Income Adolescents’ concurrent validity was supported by a negative PA questionnaire for adolescents’ correlation values. Conclusion: The PBPA Survey for Low-Income Adolescents can be used to better understand the relationship between PBPA among low-income teens. Further research is warranted to validate the scale with other adolescent subgroups.

scholarly journals Psychometric Evaluation of the Child Sensory Profile 2 (CSP2) Among Children with Dyslexia

2021 ◽  
Vol In Press (In Press) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahnaz Estaki ◽  
Ameneh Dehghan ◽  
Ebrahim Mahmoudi ◽  
Navid Mirzakhany
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Sensory Processing ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Standardized Test ◽  
Sensory Profile ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Persian Version ◽  
Confirmatory Factor

Background: Sensory integration is a necessary skill for acquiring reading skills because it strongly depends on the rapid and strong relation between written and verbal symbols. There is no standardized test for Iranian children with dyslexia to investigate their sensory processing problems. Therefore, understanding the validity and reliability of the child sensory profile 2 (CSP2) would be essential for a detailed assessment of sensory impairments in dyslexic children. Objectives: The current research aimed to establish the internal consistency, factor analysis, and convergent validity of the Persian version of CSP2 in children with dyslexia. Methods: The sample of this study included 200 dyslexic children aged 6 to 12 years who were referred to learning disabilities centers in Qom from September 2019 to February 2020 by using the multistage sampling method. To collect data, the CSP2 questionnaire and the dyslexia test (NEMA) were used. The factor structure was assessed by confirmatory factor analysis. The internal consistency of the CSP2 was examined by using Cronbach’s alpha. Convergent validity was assessed by examining the relationship between CSP2 and NEMA. Results: Internal consistency was obtained as 0.89, 0.92, 0.77, and 0.94 for the four subscales of sensory processing, namely registration, seeking, sensitivity, and avoiding, respectively. The result of confirmatory factor analysis gained support for Dunn's four-factor model. Total scores of NEMA were correlated with the scores of CSP2 subscales (seeking, avoiding, sensitivity, and registration). Conclusions: The Persian version of the Child Sensory Profile 2 is a valid (via confirmatory factor analysis and convergent validity) and reliable (via internal consistency) tool for assessing sensory processing in children with dyslexia.

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