Automatic Control System for Bodies of Revolution Processing

Mapping Intimacies ◽

10.21741/9781644901755-55 ◽

2022 ◽

Author(s):

O.I. Drachev

Keyword(s):

Control System ◽

Error Measurement ◽

Maximum Deflection ◽

Surface Form ◽

Form Error ◽

Bodies Of Revolution ◽

Surface Error ◽

Manufacturing Accuracy ◽

Rigid Supports ◽

Distribution Of Stresses

Abstract. This research is related to metalworking processing of bodies of revolution with the help of universal lathe machines. The technology includes the application of two types of vibrations to the working tool and the processed surface error measurement. To increase the manufacturing accuracy, the workpiece processed surface error is measured while a workpiece is being rotated; this rotation is performed with the workpiece being rigidly fixed in end supports and at the same time being damped in the sections between these supports. Furthermore, the parameters of vibrations applied to the tool working travel are defined by the workpiece form error and the nature of distribution of stresses that appear when the workpiece is fixed; the nature of the workpiece processed surface form error is extrapolated from the data obtained in the workpiece sections between the supports. Before manufacturing, the workpiece is corrected while being fixed in rigid supports, and the correction itself is performed as the function of magnitude and vector of the workpiece maximum deflection plane. The workpiece may be fixed in rigid supports; steady rests with double rollers may be used as such supports. The workpiece dampening in its sections between end supports may be performed using self-centering steady rests.

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Surface form error measurement for rough surfaces using an infrared lateral shearing interferometry

Optics and Lasers in Engineering ◽

10.1016/j.optlaseng.2022.106947 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 152 ◽

pp. 106947

Author(s):

In-Ung Song ◽

Ho-Soon Yang ◽

Goeun Kim ◽

Sug-Whan Kim

Keyword(s):

Rough Surfaces ◽

Error Measurement ◽

Surface Form ◽

Form Error ◽

Shearing Interferometry ◽

Lateral Shearing ◽

Lateral Shearing Interferometry

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A Study of Key Optical Profiler Parameters for Form Error Measurement

Key Engineering Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.437.242 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 437 ◽

pp. 242-246 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

X. Huang ◽

Y. Gao

Keyword(s):

Measurement Error ◽

Vertical Direction ◽

Error Measurement ◽

Surface Form ◽

Form Error ◽

Equipment Supplier ◽

Independent Parameters ◽

Comprehensive Study

Optical profiler is a typical modern device for precision form error measurement. In our use of the equipment, we found that the surface form profile after stitching is ambiguous if the lens magnification is changed. The error in terms of PV value can be up to 3200% when the lens magnification changes from 2.5 times to 30 times. This has been confirmed by the equipment supplier. It is worthwhile to offer a comprehensive study as many users may use the instrument of the kind straightforward without detailed investigation of the performance. We found that, among the 6 key parameters studied, 3 independent parameters are more important. For the 3 independent parameters, we recommend to set the magnification A=2.5 times, the resolution r=0.5, and the overlap p=20%. With the recommended settings, the measurement error can be less than 0.5%. Backscan and length for scanning in the vertical direction, and cut off frequency for delivering form profile are less critical compared with the three independent parameters.

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Optical Inspection Systems for Axisymmetric Parts with Spatial 2D Resolution

Symmetry ◽

10.3390/sym13071218 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (7) ◽

pp. 1218

Author(s):

Aleksandr Kulchitskiy

Keyword(s):

Control System ◽

Optical System ◽

Measurement Accuracy ◽

Experimental Studies ◽

Digital Camera ◽

Digital Cameras ◽

Bodies Of Revolution ◽

Optical Inspection ◽

Inspection Systems ◽

Projection Error

The article proposes a solution to the problem of increasing the accuracy of determining the main shaping dimensions of axisymmetric parts through a control system that implements the optical method of spatial resolution. The influence of the projection error of a passive optical system for controlling the geometric parameters of bodies of revolution from the image of its sections, obtained by a digital camera with non-telecentric optics, on the measurement accuracy is shown. Analytical dependencies are derived that describe the features of the transmission of measuring information of a system with non-telecentric optics in order to estimate the projection error. On the basis of the obtained dependences, a method for compensating the projection error of the systems for controlling the geometry of the main shaping surfaces of bodies of revolution has been developed, which makes it possible to increase the accuracy of determining dimensions when using digital cameras with a resolution of 5 megapixels or more, equipped with short-focus lenses. The possibility of implementing the proposed technique is confirmed by the results of experimental studies.

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Deformation-free form error measurement of thin, plane-parallel optics floated on a heavy liquid

Applied Optics ◽

10.1364/ao.49.001849 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 49 (10) ◽

pp. 1849 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Jiyoung Chu ◽

Ulf Griesmann ◽

Quandou Wang ◽

Johannes A. Soons ◽

Eric C. Benck

Keyword(s):

Heavy Liquid ◽

Free Form ◽

Error Measurement ◽

Form Error ◽

Plane Parallel

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Theoretical Study of Path Adaptability Based on Surface Form Error Distribution in Fluid Jet Polishing

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app8101814 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (10) ◽

pp. 1814 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Yanjun Han ◽

Lei Zhang ◽

Cheng Fan ◽

Wule Zhu ◽

Anthony Beaucamp

Keyword(s):

Material Removal ◽

Bulk Material ◽

Critical Evaluation ◽

Error Distribution ◽

Residual Error ◽

Polished Surface ◽

Surface Form ◽

Optimization Strategy ◽

Form Error ◽

The Difference

In the technology of computer-controlled optical surfacing (CCOS), the convergence of surface form error has a close relationship with the distribution of surface form error, the calculation of dwell time, tool influence function (TIF) and path planning. The distribution of surface form error directly reflects the difference in bulk material removal depth across a to-be-polished surface in subsequent corrective polishing. In this paper, the effect of path spacing and bulk material removal depth on the residual error have been deeply investigated based on basic simulation experiments excluding the interference factors in the actual polishing process. With the relationship among the critical evaluation parameters of the residual error (root-mean-square (RMS) and peak-to-valley (PV)), the path spacing and bulk material removal depth are mathematically characterized by the proposed RMS and PV maps, respectively. Moreover, a variable pitch path self-planning strategy based on the distribution of surface form error is proposed to optimize the residual error distribution. In the proposed strategy, the influence of different bulk material removal depths caused by the distribution of surface form error on residual error is compensated by fine adjustment of the path spacing according to the obtained path spacing optimization models. The simulated experimental results demonstrate that the residual error optimization strategy proposed in this paper can significantly optimize the overall residual error distribution without compromising the convergence speed. The optimized residual error distribution obtained in sub-regions of the polished surface is more uniform than that without optimization and is almost unaffected by the distribution of parent surface form error.

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Measurement of surface form error of an optical surface with reduced interferometric spatial coherence artifacts using a ring source and polarization phase-shifting interferometry

Applied Optics ◽

10.1364/ao.55.010053 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 55 (35) ◽

pp. 10053 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Y. Pavan Kumar ◽

Sarvendra Singh Negi ◽

M. Pandurang Kamath ◽

Sanjib Chatterjee ◽

S. D. Sharma

Keyword(s):

Spatial Coherence ◽

Phase Shifting ◽

Surface Form ◽

Optical Surface ◽

Form Error ◽

Phase Shifting Interferometry ◽

Polarization Phase ◽

Ring Source

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Co-Kriging Method for Form Error Estimation Incorporating Condition Variable Measurements

Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering ◽

10.1115/1.4031550 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 138 (4) ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Shichang Du ◽

Lan Fei

Keyword(s):

Spatial Correlation ◽

Spatial Statistics ◽

Error Estimation ◽

Surface Form ◽

Form Error ◽

Machining Processes ◽

Machining Conditions ◽

Machining Errors ◽

Part Surface ◽

Cross Variogram

The form error estimation under various machining conditions is an essential step in the assessment of product surface quality generated in machining processes. Coordinate measuring machines (CMMs) are widely used to measure complicated surface form error. However, considering measurement cost, only a few measurement points are collected offline by a CMM for a part surface. Therefore, spatial statistics is adopted to interpolate more points for more accurate form error estimation. It is of great significance to decrease the deviation between the interpolated height value and the real one. Compared to univariate spatial statistics, only concerning spatial correlation of height value, this paper presents a method based on multivariate spatial statistics, co-Kriging (CK), to estimate surface form error not only concerning spatial correlation but also concerning the influence of machining conditions. This method can reconstruct a more accurate part surface and make the estimation deviation smaller. It characterizes the spatial correlation of machining errors by variogram and cross-variogram, and it is implemented on one of the common features: flatness error. Simulated datasets as well as actual CMM data are applied to demonstrate the improvement achieved by the proposed multivariate spatial statistics method over the univariate method and other interpolation methods.

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An In-Process Flatness Error Measurement and Compensatory Control System

Journal of Engineering for Industry ◽

10.1115/1.3187880 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 110 (3) ◽

pp. 263-270 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

C. W. Park ◽

K. F. Eman ◽

S. M. Wu

Keyword(s):

Control System ◽

Measurement System ◽

Error Measurement ◽

Measurement And Control System ◽

Process Measurement ◽

Compensatory Control ◽

And Control ◽

Measurement And Control ◽

Flatness Error

The principles of a new in-process measurement and control system for flatness errors in machining have been introduced. The laser-based system consists of a stylus, a geometrical table measurement system, and a forecasting compensatory controller. Through the application of the proposed system to simulated and actual cutting data it has been shown that improvements of flatness on the order of 80 percent are feasible.

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