scholarly journals Ética e mística em Nicolau de Cusa (1401-1464): uma assimilação do conceito de interioridade agostiniano

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 101-120
Author(s):  
Klédson Tiago Alves de Souza ◽  
Maria Simone Nogueira
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Augustine Of Hippo ◽  
Nicholas Of Cusa ◽  
German Philosopher

The present article seeks to present an ethical and mystical reflection according tothe philosophy of Nicholas of Cusa (1401-1464). Moreover, it is also intended to reflect on the influence of the ideas of Augustine of Hippo (354-430) on the thought of the German philosopher. Thus, the development of this work will be focused in the interiority as an ethics and mystical process of improvement of oneself, in orderto reach happiness.

La Espiritualidad eclesial en una Iglesia en camino

Augustinus ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 355-374
Author(s):  
Vittorino Grossi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Catholic Church ◽  
Vatican Ii ◽  
Augustine Of Hippo ◽  
The Catholic Church

The present article describes four ecclesiological models elaborated by Augustine of Hippo after his conversion to Christianity within the Catholic Church (Church / auctoritas, Church / communio, Church / Ciuitas Dei, Church / Cross). A brief summary of the ecclesiology of Vatican II is given and indications are given of the Augustinian elements still susceptible of development in the contemporary Church.

scholarly journals Personhood in Bioethics

1970 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 157-175
Author(s):  
Grzegorz Hołub
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Empirical Processes ◽  
Critical Discussion ◽  
Material Content ◽  
German Philosopher ◽  
Robert Spaemann

The concept of personhood has been recently strongly criticized by some bioethicists. The present article aims at refuting these criticisms. In order to show how the notion of personhood operates in bioethics, two understandings of it proposed by an Italian bioethicist Maurizio Mori are sketched: a person as a part of the cosmological order and a person as an autonomous-like entity. It is argued that none of the proposed understandings is adequate. The cosmological concept perceives the person as a derivative of the empirical processes. The autonomous-like, in turn, conceives the person as a freely acting subject. This paper endeavours to prove that both conceptions are one-sided. In order to do that, the thought of German philosopher Robert Spaemann is deployed. He convincingly points out that the person must be considered from a so-called “modus existendi” stance. It means that to be a person is to possess a unique way of being. That being encompasses the material content (body) not as a casual factor but as an indispensable mean of expressing itself. The final thesis is that the person's being is man's life. Drawing upon such a conclusion, it is taken up a critical discussion with the views rejecting the usefulness of the concept.

The Birth of God in the Soul: The Beginnings of German-language Philosophizing in the Middle Ages in the Work of Meister Eckhart and Nicholas of Cusa’s Consummation and Demolition of Medieval Thought

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vittorio Hösle
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
The State ◽  
German Language ◽  
German Philosophy ◽  
Nicholas Of Cusa ◽  
Meister Eckhart ◽  
German Philosopher ◽  
The Middle Ages

This chapter traces the beginnings of German philosophy in the Middle Ages. It considers Dominican Meister Eckhart (c. 1260–1327/28) as the first German philosopher because he was the first writer to express his own philosophical ideas in the vernacular. It then focuses on Nicholas of Cusa (1401–1464), who was clearly influenced by Eckhart and whose genius he praised. Nicholas' first work, De concordantia catholica (On Catholic Concordance), published in 1433, defended the conciliarist position: that the council could depose a pope who violated his duties. He also elaborated a philosophy of the state that justified rule largely on the basis of consensus. His subsequent philosophical-theological works include De docta ignorantia (“On Learned Ignorance,” 1440) and De venatione sapientiae (“On the Hunt for Wisdom,” 1463).

scholarly journals TOPICS OF ARISTOTLE'S PROTREPTICUS IN AUGUSTINE OF HIPPO THE TRANSMISSION OF CICERO AND THE CONTEXT OF THEIR USE

Traditio ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 71 ◽  
pp. 1-31
Author(s):  
CARLOS MEGINO RODRIGUEZ
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Augustine Of Hippo ◽  
To Come

St. Augustine's knowledge of Aristotle was precarious and indirect. However, we find in his work traces of topics that seem to come from Aristotle's exoteric works, specifically the Protrepticus. These topics came to St. Augustine's knowledge through Cicero's Hortensius, as scholars already know. However, hitherto there has not been a study that jointly executes the following three tasks: analyze these topics systematically in order to discuss in a critical and updated way their nature and relevance; study what role Cicero played in their transmission; and examine St. Augustine's use of them in relation to the context in which he quotes them. I carry out this triple task in the present article.

scholarly journals Eudaimonisme og anti-eudaimonisme

2010 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 165-175
Author(s):  
Kenneth Berg
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
17Th Century ◽  
Phenomenological Analysis ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Moral Thinking ◽  
German Philosopher ◽  
Opposite View ◽  
Robert Spaemann

The quality of disinterestedness is generally thought to be the defining feature of the moral act. As a result, much of modern moral thinking promotes some idea of self-sacrifice. It is the contention of the present article that this tendency is unfortunate. At the same time, it suggests that the opposite view – namely that human beings are by nature ineradicably selfish – is equally problematic. The article traces the origins of these two positions to the quarrel over pure love at the end of the 17th century and discusses the views of its two main protagonists, François Fénelon and Jacques-Bénigne Bossuet. In the final third, the article turns to the 20th century, particularly to German philosopher Robert Spaemann. It thereby includes a suggestion of how the modern paradigm of disinterestedness may be dissolved through a phenomenological analysis of love.

scholarly journals Educação Musical em Adorno: um grito fetichizado do inconsciente

2017 ◽  
pp. 261
Author(s):  
Alan Barcelos Ribeiro
Keyword(s):  
Music Education ◽  
Present Article ◽  
Capitalist System ◽  
Musical Education ◽  
Theodor Adorno ◽  
El Sistema ◽  
German Philosopher

O presente artigo tem por objetivo demonstrar o caráter fetichizante da música a partir de sua apropriação pelo sistema capitalista, conforme evidenciado pelo filósofo alemão Theodor W. Adorno. Considerações relevantes para compor o âmbito de argumentações em torno da educação musical em que a música é considerada uma fonte de conhecimento capaz de contribuir para a formação do tão almejado homem emancipado. Nesta perspectiva, a educação musical não pode ser pensada e nem desenvolvida a partir do conhecimento vulgar, ao contrário, deve ser pensada a partir de sua relevância social, política e subsidiar o processo de formação do homem crítico e reflexivo. Esta é a proposta impulsionada por Adorno no texto O fetichismo na música e a regressão da audição, que por hora subsidia o palco de reflexões deste artigo.Palavras-chave: Educação Musical. Fetichismo. Adorno.Music Education in Theodor Adorno: a fetish cry of the unconsciousABSTRACTThe present article aims to demonstrate the fetishizing character of music from its appropriation by the capitalist system, as evidenced by the German philosopher Theodor W. Adorno. Relevant considerations to compose the scope of arguments about music education in which music is considered a source of knowledge capable of contributing to the formation of the longed for emancipated man. In this perspective, musical education cannot be thought and not even developed from vulgar knowledge, rather, it must be thought from its social, political relevance and subsidize the process of formation of the critical and reflective man. This is the proposal propelled by Adorno in the text Fetishism in music and the regression of hearing, which per hour subsidizes the stage of reflections of this article.Keywords: Music Education. Fetishism.Adorno.Educación Musical en Adorno: un grito fetichizado del inconscienteRESUMENEl presente artículo tiene por objetivo demostrar el carácter fetichizante de la música a partir de su apropiación por el sistema capitalista, tal como lo evidenció el filósofo alemán Theodor W. Adorno. Consideraciones relevantes para componer el ámbito de argumentaciones en torno a la educación musical en que la música es considerada una fuente de conocimiento capaz de contribuir a la formación del tan deseado hombre emancipado. En esta perspectiva, la educación musical no puede ser pensada y ni desarrollada a partir del conocimiento vulgar, al contrario, debe ser pensada a partir de su relevancia social, política y subsidiar el proceso de formación del hombre crítico y reflexivo. Esta es la propuesta impulsada por Adorno en el texto El fetichismo en la música y la regresión de la audición, que por hora subsidia el escenario de reflexiones de este artículo.Palabras clave: Educación Musical. Fetichismo. Adorno.

scholarly journals A CONCEPÇÃO COMUNICATIVA DA EDUCAÇÃO NA PERSPECTIVA DE JÜRGEN HABERMAS: A DIMENSÃO INTERSUBJETIVA DA EXPERIÊNCIA FORMATIVA

Sapere Aude ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (19) ◽  
pp. 145-156
Author(s):  
Bruno Luciano De Paiva Silva
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Jürgen Habermas ◽  
Jurgen Habermas ◽  
Human Formation ◽  
De Se ◽  
Communicative Reason ◽  
German Philosopher ◽  
Formative Experience ◽  
Life Education ◽  
The Military

Uma subjetividade tecida pela intersubjetividade elucida o tema proposto pelo presente artigo, a saber, de se pensar uma concepção comunicativa de educação a partir de Habermas. A nossa hipótese é de que a dimensão intersubjetiva, desenvolvida pelo filósofo alemão, renova o conceito de experiência formativa, ao recuperar seu caráter crítico e emancipatório e por propor uma práxis dialógica para a ação pedagógica. Assim, o escopo principal será analisar a configuração da concepção comunicativa da educação na perspectiva habermasiana. Desse modo, o artigo está dividido em duas partes: (a) na primeira, apontaremos o contexto (guinada linguístico-pragmática; razão comunicativa; mundo da vida) em que a educação se insere; (b) para analisar, no segundo momento, de que forma se edifica o conceito comunicativo da educação, oferecendo uma alternativa para o problema da formação humana. A escolha do tema se justifica por contrapor à racionalidade instrumental que, desde a implantação da tendência tecnicista na educação brasileira, promovida pelos governos militares (1964-1985), vem orientando a experiência no Brasil.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Razão comunicativa. Mundo da vida. Educação. Jürgen Habermas. ABSTRACTA subjectivity woven by intersubjectivity elucidates the theme proposed by the present article, namely, to think about a communicative conception of education from Habermas. Our hypothesis is that the intersubjective dimension, developed by the German philosopher, renews the concept of formative experience by recovering its critical and emancipatory character and by proposing a dialogic praxis for pedagogical action. The present article investigates, from the philosophy of Jürgen Habermas, the construction of a communicative conception of education. In this way, the article is divided into two parts: (a) in the first one, we will point out the linguistic context (linguistic-pragmatic guise, communicative reason, world of life) that education is inserted; (b) to analyze, in the second moment, how the communicative concept of education is built, offering an alternative to the problem of human formation. The choice of theme is justified by opposing the instrumental rationality that, since the implantation of the technicist tendency in Brazilian education, promoted by the military governments (1964-1985), has guided the experience in BraziKEY-WORDS: Communicative Reason. World of Life. Education. Jürgen Habermas

The German Post-Critical Belief Scale: Internal and External Validity

2003 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 219-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bart Duriez ◽  
Claudia Appel ◽  
Dirk Hutsebaut
Keyword(s):  
Internal Structure ◽  
Present Article ◽  
External Validity ◽  
German Version ◽  
Dutch Version ◽  
German Sample ◽  
Belief Scale ◽  
Internal And External Validity

Abstract: Recently, Duriez, Fontaine and Hutsebaut (2000) and Fontaine, Duriez, Luyten and Hutsebaut (2003) constructed the Post-Critical Belief Scale in order to measure the two religiosity dimensions along which Wulff (1991 , 1997 ) summarized the various possible approaches to religion: Exclusion vs. Inclusion of Transcendence and Literal vs. Symbolic. In the present article, the German version of this scale is presented. Results obtained in a heterogeneous German sample (N = 216) suggest that the internal structure of the German version fits the internal structure of the original Dutch version. Moreover, the observed relation between the Literal vs. Symbolic dimension and racism, which was in line with previous studies ( Duriez, in press ), supports the external validity of the German version.

Is the Rorschach of Psychopaths the Same on Both Sides of the Atlantic?

1995 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 134-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Odile Husain
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Analyse Statistique ◽  
Mécanismes De Défense

Le présent article tente d’effectuer un rapprochement entre un article européen de Rossel et Merceron et un livre américain de Reid Meloy, tous deux consacrés à l’analyse des organisations psychopathiques. Si tous les auteurs s’entendent sur l’économie narcissique du psychopathe, le choix de la population d’étude diffère quelque peu, en raison de l’approche structurale des premiers et de l’approche symptomatique du second. Tandis que l’étude suisse ne retient que des psychopathes du registre des états-limites, l’étude américaine inclut également des psychopathes de niveau psychotique. Par contre, la mésentente règne au niveau des outils d’analyse du discours psychopathique: analyse statistique et échelles validées chez Meloy; approche qualitative chez Rossel et Merceron. Aux premiers, l’on reprochera un certain réductionisme et appauvrissement du discours, prix à payer pour le respect de la standardisation et de la cotation. Aux seconds, l’on reprochera l’absence de toute quantification qui pose problème lorsque l’on aborde la question de la validité des données. Néanmoins, Européens et Américains s’entendent sur la notion d’un fonctionnement psychopathique. La relation d’objet est marquée par la pulsion agressive et ses dérivatifs, par la recherche de pouvoir et de contrôle. La lutte contre la dépendance est déduite chez Meloy de l’absence de réponse de texture et chez Rossel et Merceron de l’absence de contenus de dépendance. La qualité narcissique des représentations d’objet est mise en évidence, chez Meloy, par le biais de l’investissement du paraître, chez Rossel et Merceron par l’importance du processus d’externalisation. La dévalorisation des objets est aussi décrite. Ni les uns ni les autres ne font réellement référence à l’angoisse car cette angoisse qualifiable d’anaclitique s’exprime justement sous des manifestations tout à fait opposées. Le vide intérieur est déduit, chez Meloy, à partir de l’ennui que vit le psychopathe et, chez Rossel et Merceron, à partir de la survalorisation de la référence au réel. Une grande convergence existe entre les deux écrits au sujet des mécanismes de défense. Tous les auteurs s’accordent sur la prépondérance du clivage et du déni, un déni par le mot et l’acte chez Meloy, un déni hypomaniaque chez Rossel et Merceron. De part et d’autre de l’Atlantique, on s’accorde également pour attribuer une place importante à l’identification projective et à l’identification à l’agresseur. Par ailleurs, Rossel et Merceron démontrent comment à travers les caractéristiques de l’énonciation et les nuances de la verbalisation du psychopathe, il est possible d’inférer son non-investissement de la mentalisation et du savoir au profit d’un surinvestissement de l’agir. La complémentarité, voire la similarité, des commentaires dans les deux ouvrages devrait réconforter certains cliniciens, désarmés devant le fossé qui semble parfois régner entre la littérature des deux continents et confirmer, qu’indépendamment du type de méthodologie et de validation choisi, l’observation clinique du psychologue expérimenté demeure la pierre angulaire de toute recherche en psychopathologie.

The Legacy of the Outstanding Economist (The Centenary of Maurice Allais)

2011 ◽  
pp. 4-15
Author(s):  
A. Belyanin ◽  
I. Egorov
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Nobel Prize ◽  
Nobel Prize Winner ◽  
Contemporary Science

The paper is devoted to Maurice Allais, the Nobel prize winner and one of the most original and deep-thinking economist whose centenary is celebrated this year. The authors describe his contributions to economics, and his place in contemporary science - economics and physics, as well as his personality and philosophy. Scientific works by Allais, albeit translated into Russian, still remain little known. The present article aims to fill this gap and to pay tribute to this outstanding intellectual and academic, who deceased last year, aged 99.

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