Elucidating the Role of Nitrifiers versus Heterotrophic bacteria in the Biotransformation of Pharmaceuticals during Wastewater Treatment

2008 ◽  
Vol 2008 (13) ◽  
pp. 3496-3504
Author(s):  
W. O. Khunjar ◽  
N. G. Love ◽  
J. Skotnicka-Pitak ◽  
D. Aga ◽  
W. F. Harper
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Heterotrophic Bacteria

Private Capital Participation: Choices and Constraints

1992 ◽  
Vol 26 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 1915-1920
Author(s):  
D. Kinnersley
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Pollution Control ◽  
Private Capital ◽  
Role Of Government ◽  
Policy Choices ◽  
Government Role ◽  
Private Participation ◽  
The Government ◽  
Participation Frameworks

The scope for involving private capital participation in wastewater treatment and pollution control is attracting attention in a number of countries. After noting briefly some influences giving rise to this trend, this paper discusses frameworks in which such participation may be developed. In some aspects, there are choices available and it is essential to shape the private participation appropriately to the community's situation and problems, with due recognition of the hazards also involved. In other aspects, policy choices are more constrained, and there are requirements which it is suggested all private participation frameworks should provide for as clearly as possible. Effective private participation generally depends on re-designing and strengthening the role of government as the scale of its former role is reduced. Getting this re-design of the government role right is at least as important as making appropriate choices for format of private participation.

Study of Advanced Technologies of METs for Herbicides Wastewater Treatment with High Salinity

2013 ◽  
Vol 777 ◽  
pp. 326-329
Author(s):  
Tao Li Song ◽  
Xue Nong Yi ◽  
Zhi Qing Li ◽  
Xin Jin
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
High Salinity ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Advanced Technologies

Experiments were conducted to study the role of enhanced micro-electrolysis techniques (METs) in treatment of s-atrazine wastewater, regarding atrazine production wastewater as the object of this research. The intensified METs methods included O3and ultrasound (US). With O3METs technology, a better result could be achieved under weak acidity condition. The highest removal rate of TOC reached 18.7%. US before METs could gain higher removal rate of 38.7% compared to the rate of 27.8% by US in METs.

scholarly journals Fe and C co-limitation of heterotrophic bacteria in the naturally fertilized region off the Kerguelen Islands

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1983-1992 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Obernosterer ◽  
M. Fourquez ◽  
S. Blain
Keyword(s):  
Trace Metal ◽  
Bacterial Production ◽  
Bacterial Abundance ◽  
Heterotrophic Bacteria ◽  
Kerguelen Islands ◽  
High Nutrient ◽  
Limiting Nutrient ◽  
Heterotrophic Metabolism ◽  
Heterotrophic Production

Abstract. It has been univocally shown that iron (Fe) is the primary limiting nutrient for phytoplankton metabolism in high-nutrient, low-chlorophyll (HNLC) waters, yet the question of how this trace metal affects heterotrophic microbial activity is far less understood. We investigated the role of Fe for bacterial heterotrophic production and growth at three contrasting sites in the naturally Fe-fertilized region east of the Kerguelen Islands and at one site in HNLC waters during the KEOPS2 (Kerguelen Ocean and Plateau Compared Study 2) cruise in spring 2011. We performed dark incubations of natural microbial communities amended either with iron (Fe, as FeCl3) or carbon (C, as trace-metal clean glucose), or a combination of both, and followed bacterial abundance and heterotrophic production for up to 7 days. Our results show that single and combined additions of Fe and C stimulated bulk and cell-specific bacterial production at the Fe-fertilized sites, while in HNLC waters only combined additions resulted in significant increases in these parameters. Bacterial abundance was enhanced in two out of the three experiments performed in Fe-fertilized waters but did not respond to Fe or C additions in HNLC waters. Our results provide evidence that both Fe and C are present at limiting concentrations for bacterial heterotrophic activity in the naturally fertilized region off the Kerguelen Islands in spring, while bacteria were co-limited by these elements in HNLC waters. These results shed new light on the role of Fe in bacterial heterotrophic metabolism in regions of the Southern Ocean that receive variable Fe inputs.

Role of Membranes in Wastewater Treatment

2020 ◽  
pp. 247-281
Author(s):  
Ashish Kapoor ◽  
Sivasamy Balasubramanian ◽  
Edward Kavitha ◽  
Elangovan Poonguzhali ◽  
Sivaraman Prabhakar
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment

scholarly journals PENGARUH KERAPATAN LAMUN Thalassia hemprichii TERHADAP KELIMPAHAN BAKTERI HETEROTROF DI PANTAI PRAWEAN, JEPARA

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 415-422
Author(s):  
Isnaini Dian Yunita ◽  
Niniek Widyorini ◽  
Supriharyono Supriharyono
Keyword(s):  
Heterotrophic Bacteria ◽  
Nutrient Cycle ◽  
Thalassia Hemprichii ◽  
Enhalus Acoroides ◽  
Seagrass Ecosystem ◽  
Halodule Uninervis ◽  
Cymodocea Rotundata ◽  
Economic Function ◽  
Seagrass Density

Ekosistem lamun merupakan salah satu ekosistem yang memiliki kompleksitas dan keanekaragaman hayati yang tinggi. Padang lamun merupakan hamparan vegetasi lamun yang menutupi suatu kawasan pesisir. Selain memiliki fungsi ekonomi, lamun juga memiliki fungsi ekologis yakni berperan penting sebagai pendaur zat hara oleh mikroorganime yaitu bakteri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kerapatan lamun, kelimpahan bakteri heterotrof yang berasosiasi dengan lamun serta pengaruh kerapatan lamun dengan kelimpahan bakteri heterotrof di Pantai Prawean, Jepara. Metode yang digunakan yakni deskriptif eksplanatif dengan pengambilan sampel secara purposive dan dianalisis dengan IBM SPSS Statistic 22. Jenis lamun yang ditemukan di Pantai Prawean ada 5 (lima): Enhalus acoroides, Thalassia hemprichii, Cymodocea rotundata, Halodule uninervis dan Halodule pinifolia. Kerapatan tertinggi didapat dari jenis Thalassia hemprichii sebesar 78 Ind/m2 dan terendah adalah Enhalus acoroides 10 Ind/m2 dan kelimpahan bakteri heterotrof tertinggi diperoleh dari tingkat kerapatan rapat di stasiun 3 yakni 29,4x108 Upk/ml dan kelimpahan terendah diperoleh dari tingkat kerapatan jarang di stasiun 2 yakni 3,3x108 Upk/ml. Korelasi antara kerapatan lamun dengan kelimpahan bakteri heterotrof tinggi atau kuat yakni 0,896 dan korelasi ini dinyatakan sangat signifikan terbukti nilai sig. 0,001 dengan tingkat kesalahan 0,1%. Artinya bertambahnya kerapatan lamun dapat meningkatkan pula kelimpahan bakteri heterotrof. Seagrass ecosystem is one ecosytems that has high complexity and biodiversity. Seagrass beds are a stretch of seagrass vegetation that covers a coastal area. Beside its economic function, seagrass also have ecological function that play an important role of nutrient cycle for microorganism its bacteria. This study aims to determine the density of seagrass, the abundance of heterothropic bacteria and influence of seagrass density with abundance of heterotrophic bacteria at Prawean beach, Jepara. The method used in this study is descriptive explanative with purposive sampling and the data analyzed by IBM SPSS Statistic 22. There are 5 (five) species of seagrass that can be found in Prawean beach: Enhalus acoroides, Thalassia hemprichii, Cymodocea rotundata, Halodule uninervis and Halodule pinifolia. The highest density obtained from Thalassia hemprichii species is 78 sprouts of seagrass/m2 and the lowest density obtained from Enhalus acoroides is 10 obtained from seagrass density at station 3 its value 29,4x108Cfu/ml and the lowest abundance of heterotrophic bacteria was obtained from rare seagrass at station 2 its value 3,3x108Cfu/ml.  The corelation between seagrass density with abundance heterotrophic bacteria is high or strong that has value 0,846 and this correlation is very significantly proven has sig value 0,001 with error rate 0,1%, it can be conclude that increase of seagrass density can also increase the abundance of heterotrophic bacteria.  

scholarly journals Study on printing wastewater treatment by decomposition reaction H2O2 catalyzed of complex between ion Ni2+ and citric acid

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 106-110
Author(s):  
Tue Nguyen Ngoc ◽  
Nghia Nguyen Trong ◽  
Thuong Nghiem Thi ◽  
Quang Tran Thuong ◽  
Trung Nguyen Duc
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Citric Acid ◽  
Industrial Wastewater ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Organic Pollutant ◽  
Decomposition Reaction ◽  
Efficient Treatment ◽  
Catalytic Role ◽  
Printing Processes

In this article, the results of the research on organic pollutant treatment in the wastewater of printing processes on fabric by H2O2 under the catalytic role of the complex between ion Ni2+ and Citric acid (H4L) were presented. The condition of pH, H4L/Ni2+, H2O2, Ni2+ concentration has been explored to get the optimal conditions for improving COD efficient treatment. The results provide the solutions of the homogeneous complex  catalysts in the industrial wastewater treatment at room temperature and atmosphere. 

Fate ofCryptosporidiumoocysts,Giardiacysts, and microbial indicators during wastewater treatment and anaerobic sludge digestion

1999 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 257-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Chauret ◽  
Susan Springthorpe ◽  
Syed Sattar
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Clostridium Perfringens ◽  
Heterotrophic Bacteria ◽  
The Other ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Somatic Coliphages ◽  
Aerobic Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Sludge Digestion ◽  
Cryptosporidium Oocysts ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge Digestion

The extent of reduction in selected microorganisms was tested during both aerobic wastewater treatment and anaerobic digestion of sludge at the wastewater treatment plant in Ottawa to compare the removal of two encysted pathogenic protozoa with that of microbial indicators. Samples collected included the raw wastewater, the primary effluent, the treated wastewater, the mixed sludge, the decanted liquor, and the cake. All of the raw sewage samples were positive for Cryptosporidium oocysts and Giardia cysts, as well as for the other microorganisms tested. During aerobic wastewater treatment (excluding the anaerobic sludge digestion), Cryptosporidium and Giardia were reduced by 2.96 log10and 1.40 log10, respectively. Clostridium perfringens spores, Clostridium perfringens total counts, somatic coliphages, and heterotrophic bacteria were reduced by approximately 0.89 log10, 0.96 log10, 1.58 log10, and 2.02 log10, respectively. All of the other microorganisms were reduced by at least 3.53 log10. Sludge samples from the plant were found to contain variable densities of microorganisms. Variability in microbial concentrations was sometimes great between samples, stressing the importance of collecting a large number of samples over a long period of time. In all cases, the bacterial concentrations in the cake (dewatered biosolids) samples were high even if reductions in numbers were observed with some bacteria. During anaerobic sludge digestion, no statistically significant reduction was observed for Clostridium perfringens, Enterococcus sp., Cryptosporidium oocysts, and Giardia cysts. A 1-2 log10reduction was observed with fecal coliforms and heterotrophic bacteria. However, the method utilized to detect the protozoan parasites does not differentiate between viable and nonviable organisms. On the other hand, total coliforms and somatic coliphages were reduced by 0.35 log10and 0.09 log10, respectively. These results demonstrate the relative persistence of the protozoa in sewage sludge during wastewater treatment.Key words: Cryptosporidium, Giardia, indicators, wastewater, sludge.

Evaluation of Sludge Reduction Mechanisms in ‘Sonolysis-Cryptic Growth’ Wastewater Treatment System

2015 ◽  
Vol 768 ◽  
pp. 108-115
Author(s):  
Pan Yue Zhang ◽  
Tian Wan ◽  
Guang Ming Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Organic Load ◽  
Sludge Reduction ◽  
Excess Sludge ◽  
Operation Condition ◽  
Reduction Mechanisms ◽  
Residual Sludge ◽  
Cryptic Growth ◽  
Load Increase

‘Sonication - cryptic growth’ technology can reduce 30-80% excess sludge in wastewater treatment systems. Various mechanisms contribute to the sludge reduction but the role of each one is unclear. This paper quantitatively studied the potential mechanisms in ‘sonication - cryptic growth’. The operation condition was: every day 20% sludge was sonicated under 1.2 Wml-1 for 15 min and then returned to the wastewater treatment reactor for cryptic growth. The results showed that under such conditions, ‘sonication - cryptic growth’ reduced the excess sludge by 57.3% and the effluent met the national discharge standard. Multiple mechanisms were involved in the process. Detailed analysis showed that the ‘lysis-cryptic growth’ mechanism was the most important one and accounted for 49.1% of sludge reduction. Biodegradation of residual sludge was the second important one and contributed 19.5%. Other potential mechanisms included the altered microbial community, longer sludge retention time, and accumulation of persistent materials. But organic load increase had virtually no impact.

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