A Pilot Scale Investigation of Co-Fermentation of Primary Sludge and Grease Trap Waste for VFA Production

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 (4) ◽  
pp. 650-665 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeff Nicholson ◽  
Ronald Latimer ◽  
Hunter Long ◽  
Holy Anne Hillard ◽  
Bill Balzer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Primary Sludge ◽  
Grease Trap Waste

FOG, not just for co-digestion: An evaluation of primary sludge and grease trap waste fermentation for a nutrient removal carbon source.

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 (16) ◽  
pp. 799-807 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hunter Long ◽  
Ronald Latimer ◽  
Wendell Khunjar ◽  
Katya Bilyk ◽  
Charles Bott ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Source ◽  
Nutrient Removal ◽  
Primary Sludge ◽  
Grease Trap Waste

scholarly journals Effects of Thickened Excess Sludge Pre-Treatment Using Hydrodynamic Cavitation for Anaerobic Digestion

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 2483 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Garlicka ◽  
Monika Zubrowska-Sudol ◽  
Katarzyna Umiejewska ◽  
Otton Roubinek ◽  
Jacek Palige ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methane Production ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Hydrodynamic Cavitation ◽  
Excess Sludge ◽  
Maximum Increase ◽  
Primary Sludge ◽  
Sludge Flocs ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Flocculation Process ◽  
Different Levels

The main purpose of this study was the assessment of the possibility of increasing the production of biogas through the pre-treatment of thickened excess sludge (TES) by means of the hydrodynamic cavitation (HC) conducted at different levels of energy density (EL) i.e., 70, 140 and 210 kJ/L. The experiments were performed on a pilot scale, and a mixture of thickened primary sludge (TPS) and TES was used as digester feed. The results documented that an important parameter determining the possibility of obtaining an enhanced methane production is the value of energy input in the HC process. This parameter determines the changes occurring in sludge as a result of disintegration (i.e., sludge floc deagglomeration, lysis of cells, re-flocculation process and the related release of compounds susceptible to biodegradation from sludge flocs). The maximum increase in methane yield (MY) of 152% was obtained for EL = 140 kJ/L. In this case, HC mainly caused sludge floc deagglomeration. An increase in MY was also recorded when TES was subject to the disintegration process at EL = 210 kJ/L. However, it was 4.3 times lower than that observed for EL = 140 kJ/L. Pre-treatment of TES at EL = 70 kJ/L did not contribute to an increase in methane production.

Pilot-scale anaerobic co-digestion of municipal wastewater sludge with restaurant grease trap waste

2013 ◽  
Vol 123 ◽  
pp. 26-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vahid Razaviarani ◽  
Ian D. Buchanan ◽  
Shahid Malik ◽  
Hassan Katalambula
Keyword(s):  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Wastewater Sludge ◽  
Grease Trap Waste

scholarly journals Characterization of Polyhydroxyalkanoates Produced at Pilot Scale From Different Organic Wastes

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Lorini ◽  
Andrea Martinelli ◽  
Giorgio Capuani ◽  
Nicola Frison ◽  
Maria Reis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Waste ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Organic Wastes ◽  
Organic Fraction ◽  
Waste Streams ◽  
Primary Sludge ◽  
Molecular Weights ◽  
North East ◽  
Mixed Microbial Cultures

Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) production at pilot scale has been recently investigated and carried out exploiting different process configurations and organic wastes. More in detail, three pilot platforms, in Treviso (North-East of Italy), Carbonera (North-East of Italy) and Lisbon, produced PHAs by open mixed microbial cultures (MMCs) and different organic waste streams: organic fraction of municipal solid waste and sewage sludge (OFMSW-WAS), cellulosic primary sludge (CPS), and fruit waste (FW), respectively. In this context, two stabilization methods have been applied, and compared, for preserving the amount of PHA inside the cells: thermal drying and wet acidification of the biomass at the end of PHA accumulation process. Afterward, polymer has been extracted following an optimized method based on aqueous-phase inorganic reagents. Several PHA samples were then characterized to determine PHA purity, chemical composition, molecular weight, and thermal properties. The polymer contained two types of monomers, namely 3-hydroxybutyrate (3HB) and 3-hydroxyvalerate (3HV) at a relative percentage of 92.6–79.8 and 7.4–20.2 w/w, respectively, for Treviso and Lisbon plants. On the other hand, an opposite range was found for 3HB and 3HV monomers of PHA from Carbonera, which is 44.0–13.0 and 56.0–87.0 w/w, respectively. PHA extracted from wet-acidified biomass had generally higher viscosity average molecular weights (Mv) (on average 424.8 ± 20.6 and 224.9 ± 21.9 KDa, respectively, for Treviso and Lisbon) while PHA recovered from thermally stabilized dried biomass had a three-fold lower Mv.

Primary sludge hydrolysis for biological nutrient removal

1996 ◽  
Vol 34 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 417-423 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. J. Hatziconstantinou ◽  
P. Yannakopoulos ◽  
A. Andreadakis
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Source ◽  
Nutrient Removal ◽  
Continuous Flow ◽  
Hydraulic Retention Time ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Biological Nutrient Removal ◽  
Primary Sludge ◽  
Carbon Production ◽  
Sludge Hydrolysis ◽  
Removal Processes

Primary sludge hydrolysis can enrich primary effluent with the soluble organics which in turn can be a valuable carbon source to subsequent nutrient removal processes. By controlling hydraulic retention time and temperature it is possible to confine the anaerobic digestion of the primary sludge to the acidogenic and acetogenic phase (hydrolysis/fermentation process), and take advantage of the soluble organics produced. This paper presents the results of a research involving bench and pilot scale experiments related to primary sludge hydrolysis. The pilot scale sedimentation tank (4.10 m in diameter, 3.20 m in depth) operated over an expended period of 21 months as a conventional clarifier and following this as a fermentor unit employing sludge recirculation. Parallel to the pilot scale experiments, several batch and continuous flow bench scale experiments were conducted in order to determine the factors controlling the production of soluble organics and the effect of the latter on the denitrification process. The conclusions drawn were that a) a soluble COD production of the order of 5-6% in terms of sludge TCOD can be expected in a batch fermentor operating with HRT≅2days at T≤ 20°C, b) in a continuous flow fermentor, combinations of T>20°C and SRT>2 should be applied in order to achieve a production of the order of 10%, c) significant soluble carbon production can be achieved in primary sedimentation tanks (over 30% in terms of influent SCOD) when relatively increased SRTs (4 to 5 days) in combination with sludge recirculation are employed, under T>22°C, and d) increased denitrification performance of the order of 9 mgNOx/g MLSS.hr, can be achieved with hydrolysate as a carbon source.

Nitrite and nitrate as electron acceptors for biological sulphide oxidation

2015 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
pp. 593-599 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Munz ◽  
A. Mannucci ◽  
J. Arreola-Vargas ◽  
F. Alatriste-Mondragon ◽  
F. Giaccherini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Electron Acceptor ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Nitrate Removal ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Ratio Increase ◽  
Steady State Condition ◽  
Primary Sludge ◽  
Nitrogen Loads ◽  
Solids Retention

Autotrophic denitrification with sulphide using nitrate (R1) and nitrite (R2) as electron acceptor was investigated at bench scale. Different solids retention times (SRT) (5 and 20 d) have been tested in R1 while R2 was operated at SRT = 13 d. The results indicated that the process allows complete sulphide removal to be achieved in all tested conditions. Tested sulphide loads were estimated from the H2S produced in a pilot-scale anaerobic digester treating vegetable tannery primary sludge; nitrogen loads originated from the nitrification of the supernatant. Average nitrogen removal efficiencies higher than 80% were observed in all the tested conditions once steady state was reached. A maximum specific nitrate removal rate equal to 0.35 g N-NO3− g VSS−1 d−1 was reached in R1. Due to sulphide limitation, incomplete denitrification was observed and nitrite and thiosulphate tend to accumulate especially in the presence of variable environmental conditions in both R1 and R2. Lower SRT caused higher NO2accumulated/NO3reduced ratios (0.22 and 0.24, with SRT of 5 d and 20 d, respectively) using nitrate as electron acceptor in steady-state condition. Temperature decrease caused sudden NO2accumulated/NO3reduced ratio increase in R1 and NO2− removal decrease in R2.

scholarly journals The fate of trace organic contaminants during anaerobic digestion of primary sludge: A pilot scale study

2018 ◽  
Vol 256 ◽  
pp. 384-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hop V. Phan ◽  
Richard Wickham ◽  
Sihuang Xie ◽  
James A. McDonald ◽  
Stuart J. Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Organic Contaminants ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Primary Sludge ◽  
Trace Organic Contaminants ◽  
Trace Organic

Upscaling of foam forming technology for pilot scale

TAPPI Journal ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
JANI LEHMONEN ◽  
TIMO RANTANEN ◽  
KARITA KINNUNEN-RAUDASKOSKI
Keyword(s):  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Strength Loss ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Foam Density ◽  
Forming Process ◽  
Production Scale ◽  
Forming Technology ◽  
Wet Pressing ◽  
Foam Forming ◽  
Board Industry

The need for production cost savings and changes in the global paper and board industry during recent years have been constants. Changes in the global paper and board industry during past years have increased the need for more cost-efficient processes and production technologies. It is known that in paper and board production, foam typically leads to problems in the process rather than improvements in production efficiency. Foam forming technology, where foam is used as a carrier phase and a flowing medium, exploits the properties of dispersive foam. In this study, the possibility of applying foam forming technology to paper applications was investigated using a pilot scale paper forming environment modified for foam forming from conventional water forming. According to the results, the shape of jet-to-wire ratios was the same in both forming methods, but in the case of foam forming, the achieved scale of jet-to-wire ratio and MD/CD-ratio were wider and not behaving sensitively to shear changes in the forming section as a water forming process would. This kind of behavior would be beneficial when upscaling foam technology to the production scale. The dryness results after the forming section indicated the improvement in dewatering, especially when foam density was at the lowest level (i.e., air content was at the highest level). In addition, the dryness results after the pressing section indicated a faster increase in the dryness level as a function of foam density, with all density levels compared to the corresponding water formed sheets. According to the study, the bonding level of water- and foam-laid structures were at the same level when the highest wet pressing value was applied. The results of the study show that the strength loss often associated with foam forming can be compensated for successfully through wet pressing.

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