MAXIMIZACIÓN DE LA EFICIENCIA A CARGAS PARCIALES DE UNA CENTRAL HIDROELECTRICA MULTIGRUPO INTEGRADA AL SISTEMA INTERCONECTADO NACIONAL

En una Central Hidroeléctrica multigrupo que opera a cargas parciales, la máxima eficiencia de cada grupo y el de la combinación aleatorias de estos, difieren de la eficiencia de diseño de la central a plena carga. Estas centrales están condicionadas a operar a cargas parciales, tanto en épocas de estiaje como en tramos de sobreoferta eléctrica del sistema interconectado nacional. El periodo de estiaje en Perú alcanza a nueve meses del año, situación que implica pérdidas económicas debido a la inadecuada regulación del caudal y elección de grupo, a condiciones de eficiencias por debajo de sus valores óptimos. El objetivo de este trabajo es el desarrollo de un proceso de optimización de la eficiencia de una Central Hidroeléctrica multigrupo, para cualquier nivel de potencia a generar en el programa diario de generación interconectada. Como resultados se obtiene la maximización de la eficiencia y combinación de turbinas-grupo para cada potencia de salida de la central fuera de sus condiciones nominales; asimismo se construye un programa computacional en Matlab que alimenta al sistema automatizado de la central. Su aplicación está permitiendo reducir costos de generación y disponibilidad de la central, a su vez conforma un patrón metodológico de uso en otras centrales hidroeléctricas multigrupo. Palabras clave.- Central hidroeléctrica multigrupo, Cargas parciales, Maximización, Despacho económico, Estiaje, Sistema interconectado nacional.. ABSTRACTIn multigroup hydroelectric plant operating at partial loads, the maximum each group efficiency and the random combination of these, differ from the design efficiency of the plant at full load. These plants are conditioned to operate at partial loads, both in times of drought and periods of oversupply national electric grid. The period of drought in Peru is nine months per year, a situation that involves economic losses due to inadequate flow regulation and group choice efficiencies conditions below their optimum values. The aim of this work is the development optimizing efficiency process of a multigroup hydroelectric power plant, for any level of power generated in the daily interconnected generation program. The results are maximizing turbine efficiency and combined-group for each power output of the plant, outside its nominal conditions, also a computer program is constructed in Matlab to integrate the automated system of hydroelectric power plant. Its application can reduce generation costs and increases plant availability; also forms a methodological pattern of use in other multigroup hydroelectric plants . Keywords.- Multigroup hydroelectric plant, Partial loads, Maximization, Economic dispatch, Time of drought, National grid.

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A Hydroelectric Plant Simulation Model to Test the Performance of Actual Governor Control Systems

ASME 2008 Power Conference ◽

10.1115/power2008-60152 ◽

2008 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Iva´n F. Galindo-Garci´a ◽

Antonio Tavira-Mondrago´n ◽

Sau´l Rodri´guez-Lozano

Keyword(s):

Power Plant ◽

Simulation Model ◽

Control Systems ◽

Real Time ◽

Hydraulic System ◽

Hydroelectric Plant ◽

Field Tests ◽

Hydroelectric Power Plant ◽

Hydroelectric Power ◽

Surge Tank

A simulation model of the hydraulic system of a hydroelectric power plant is developed and implemented in a real time simulator. The main purpose of the simulator is to test the performance of actual governor control systems using hardware-in-the-loop techniques, in which the actual governor control system is connected to a real time simulator instead of being connected to real equipment. This paper focuses on the modeling of the hydraulic system to be implemented in the simulator. The model consists of an unrestricted reservoir, conduits to transport water, and a turbine to convert the potential energy of the fluid into mechanical power. A nonlinear mathematical model for a non-elastic water column is implemented. Effects due to a surge tank and to various turbines connected to a common tunnel are included in the model by considering head and flow variations at the junction of the common tunnel and the individual penstocks. The model is evaluated by comparing results from simulations with field tests from a four-unit hydroelectric power plant (55 MW per unit). Comparisons show that the model reproduces the general behavior of the field tests. However some deviations are observed during the transient response, in particular the simulation results appear to respond faster than field data.

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Analysis of maintenance optimization in a hydroelectric power plant

Journal of Applied Research in Technology & Engineering ◽

10.4995/jarte.2020.13738 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 23

Author(s):

Francisco Javier Martinez Monseco

Keyword(s):

Power Plant ◽

Electricity Market ◽

Hydroelectric Plant ◽

High Reliability ◽

Hydroelectric Power Plant ◽

Electricity Production ◽

Industrial System ◽

Hydroelectric Power ◽

Maintenance Techniques ◽

Maintenance Plan

<p>This article presents a guide to designing a maintenance plan for any industrial system. As an example, it develops a maintenance plan for highly reliable equipment, such as a hydroelectric power plant, where instant availability and reliability are crucial in its operation. The development of the proposal serves as a basis for the transversal development of any industrial system that has the same operational objectives (manufacturing lines), transport (trains, aircraft) and also involves safety and environmental aspects in its proper functioning. Today’s society requires that there are more and more industrial processes in which the maximum availability of the systems must be guaranteed, and at the same time there must be a minimum number of incidents that prevent the unavailability of the process. The methodology used has consisted firstly of dividing the complex industrial system into systems to be analysed on the basis of the functions they have to perform, then on the basis of the fault history a list of potential faults to be analysed has been determined, taking into account the risk of the system itself. From here, the systems of the hydroelectric plant have been classified to determine the priorities of actions. The different maintenance techniques to be applied have been carefully considered, focusing on the need to analyse condition-based maintenance techniques, such as predictive techniques, which allow us to define the point of potential failure based on parameters, and thus be able to plan maintenance actions in a justified manner. In the specific case of a hydroelectric generation plant, the fundamental objective is based on the commitment to<br />operate in the electricity market (high reliability and immediate availability), and the performance of maintenance actions imply in most cases the shutdown of the plant and therefore the loss of income from electricity production. Finally, a design of a justified maintenance plan for a hydroelectric power plant has been proposed based on the methodology explained.</p>

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ANALISIS PERBANDINGAN UNJUK KERJA TURBIN PLTA BATANG AGAM TERHADAP KONDISI PADA SAAT KOMISIONING

Rang Teknik Journal ◽

10.31869/rtj.v4i2.2667 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 398-405

Author(s):

Hariadi Hariadi ◽

Muchlisinalahuddin Muchlisinalahuddin ◽

Mira Meilisa

Keyword(s):

Power Plant ◽

River Water ◽

Hydroelectric Power Plant ◽

Hydroelectric Power ◽

Turbine Efficiency ◽

The Impact

The Batang Agam Hydroelectric Power Plant is the oldest Hydroelectric Power Plant in West Sumatera, which is located in the district of Lima Puluh Kota. The Hydroelectric Power Plant started operating in 1976 with a Nett power is 10.5 MW. In its operation so far the turbine of the Batang Agam Hydroelectric Power Plant decrease in the performance compared to the initial commissioning. The impact of decreasing turbine efficiency of Batang Agam Hydroelectric Power Plant lead use of water to convert its energy electricity be wasteful. Therefore it is necessary to research so that the turbine can effectively use the river water that has been dammed in the Kolam Tando more efficient. From the results of analysis obtained the conclusion that the efficiency of the turbine Batang Agam Hydroelectric Power Plant at 3.5 MW from the highest to the lowest; Unit 1 with 86.7% efficiency, Unit 3 with 83.9% efficiency and Unit 2 with 79.2% efficiency. Compared with commissioning data unit-units in the turbine of Batang Agam Hydroelectric Power Plant has decreased efficiency of the amount; Unit 1 of 0.32%, Unit 2 of 7.80% and Unit 3 is 3.05%.

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USINA HIDRELÉTRICA DE BELO MONTE E O PAPEL DOS AGENTES NA REESTRUTURAÇÃO DA CIDADE DE ALTAMIRA-PA

InterEspaço Revista de Geografia e Interdisciplinaridade ◽

10.18764/2446-6549.2019.15754 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 5 (18) ◽

pp. 15754

Author(s):

Bruna Duarte de Sousa ◽

José Queiroz de Miranda Neto

Keyword(s):

Power Plant ◽

Real Estate ◽

Urban Space ◽

Hydroelectric Plant ◽

Hydroelectric Power Plant ◽

Hydroelectric Power ◽

The Impact ◽

The City ◽

Belo Monte

BELO MONTE HYDROELECTRIC POWER PLANT AND THE ROLE OF AGENTS IN RESTRUCTURING OF THE CITY OF ALTAMIRA-PAUSINA HIDROELÉCTRICA DE BELO MONTE Y EL PAPEL DE LOS AGENTES EN LA REESTRUCTURACIÓN DE LA CIUDAD DE ALTAMIRA-PARESUMOEste artigo tem como objetivo analisar o papel dos agentes produtores do espaço urbano na cidade de Altamira-PA após a instalação da Usina Hidrelétrica de Belo Monte. O trabalho se propõe a estudar as mudanças nas localizações dos espaços que compõem a cidade, como o centro urbano e novas áreas residenciais produzidas na periferia, resultando em um processo de reestruturação da cidade. Portanto, busca-se evidenciar como as empresas, o Estado, os agentes fundiários, os grupos imobiliários e a população excluída agem para a obtenção de seus objetivos. O método utilizado é o materialismo histórico e dialético e a fonte de dados foi obtida com base em trabalhos de campo, relatórios da Norte Energia S.A e fontes de organizações sociais como FVPP. Como resultados, evidencia-se o impacto da instalação desse empreendimento de grande porte em Altamira-PA, produzindo redefinições que estão baseadas na relação entre diferentes agentes públicos e privados. A reestruturação da cidade a partir da instalação da hidrelétrica gerou como consequência a expansão imobiliária e novas infraestruturas que pouco favorecem à população atingida e os mais pobres da cidade.Palavras-chave: Hidrelétrica de Belo Monte; Agentes Produtores do Espaço Urbano; Localizações Residenciais.ABSTRACTThis article aims to analyze the role of urban space producing agents in the city of Altamira-PA after the installation of the Belo Monte Hydroelectric Plant. The work aims to study the changes in the locations of the spaces that make up the city, such as the urban center and new residential areas produced in the periphery, resulting in a process of restructuring the city. Therefore, it seeks to show how companies, the State, land agents, real estate groups and the excluded population act to achieve their goals. The method used is historical and dialectical materialism and the data source was obtained based on fieldwork, reports by Norte Energia S.A and sources from social organizations such as FVPP. As a result, the impact of installing this large undertaking in Altamira-PA is evident, producing redefinitions that are based on the relationship between different public and private agents. The restructuring of the city after the installation of the Hydroelectric Power Plant resulted in the expansion of real estate and new infrastructures that do little to favor the affected population and the poorest population of the city.Keywords: Belo Monte Hydroelectric; Urban Space Producing Agents; Residential Locations.RESUMENEste artículo tiene como objetivo analizar el papel de los agentes productores de espacio urbano en la ciudad de Altamira-PA tras la instalación de la Central Hidroeléctrica de Belo Monte. El trabajo tiene como objetivo estudiar los cambios en la ubicación de los espacios que componen la ciudad, como el centro urbano y las nuevas áreas residenciales que se producen en la periferia, resultando en un proceso de reestructuración de la ciudad. Por ello, busca mostrar cómo las empresas, el Estado, los agentes inmobiliarios, los grupos inmobiliarios y la población excluida actúan para lograr sus objetivos. El método utilizado es el materialismo histórico y dialéctico y la fuente de datos se obtuvo en base a trabajo de campo, informes de Norte Energia S.A y fuentes de organizaciones sociales como FVPP. Como resultado, el impacto de la instalación de este gran emprendimiento en Altamira-PA es evidente, produciendo redefiniciones que se basan en la relación entre diferentes agentes públicos y privados. La reestructuración de la ciudad tras la instalación de la Central Hidroeléctrica resultó en la movilidad residencial y nuevas infraestructuras que poco hacen para favorecer a la población afectada y la población más pobre de la ciudad.Palabras clave: Hidroeléctrica de Belo Monte; Agentes Productores de Espacio Urbano; Movilidad Residencial.

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Evidenciação Ambiental: uma análise dos relatórios de sustentabilidade da Usina Hidrelétrica Itaipu com base na Global Reporting Initiative – GRI ## Environmental Disclosure: an analysis of the sustainability reports of the Itaipu Hydroelectric Plant based on the Global Reporting Initiative – GRI

Amazônia Organizações e Sustentabilidade ◽

10.17648/aos.v10i2.2317 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 288

Author(s):

Regiane Valejo Maciel ◽

Carlos Jaelso Albanese Chaves ◽

Giuliano Oliveira De Macedo

Keyword(s):

Power Plant ◽

Large Scale ◽

Hydroelectric Plant ◽

Hydroelectric Power Plant ◽

Global Reporting Initiative ◽

Hydroelectric Power ◽

Social Relevance ◽

Environmental Disclosure ◽

Sustainability Reports

Considerando que o setor de hidrelétricas causa impactos ambientais de larga escala e que a evidenciação ambiental vem se tornando cada vez mais relevante para as organizações, a presente pesquisa teve por objetivo avaliar a qualidade da evidenciação ambiental praticada nos relatórios de sustentabilidade da Usina Hidrelétrica Binacional Itaipu. Quanto à abordagem, este estudo fundamenta-se na pesquisa qualitativa, e quanto ao objeto, este estudo se classifica como uma pesquisa documental. Para atingir o objetivo desta pesquisa, a coleta dos dados foi proporcionada pelos relatórios de sustentabilidade da Usina Hidrelétrica Itaipu do período de 2014 a 2019, a partir da confrontação dos princípios apresentados pela Global Reporting Initiative para a elaboração do relatório com o conteúdo dos relatórios divulgados pela Itaipu. A análise dos relatórios indica que a Itaipu apresentou falhas quanto a aderência do princípio “comparabilidade”, ao omitir informação sobre os valores investidos nos projetos analisados, fazendo com que a leitura do stakeholder ficasse prejudicada, entretanto, é possível identificar que a Itaipu buscou manter-se alinhada com os demais princípios analisados. O presente estudo contribuiu por buscar preencher a lacuna sobre a análise de evidenciação ambiental de uma organização de relevância social como a Itaipu Binacional.ABSTRACTConsidering that the hydroelectric sector causes large-scale environmental impacts, and that environmental disclosure is becoming increasingly relevant for organizations, this research aimed to evaluate the quality of environmental disclosure practiced in the sustainability reports of the Binational Itaipu Hydroelectric Power Plant . As for the approach, this study is based on qualitative research, and as for the object, this study is classified as documentary research. To achieve the objective of this research, data collection was provided by the sustainability reports of the Itaipu Hydroelectric Power Plant from 2014 to 2019, based on the confrontation of the principles presented by the Global Reporting Initiative guidelines with the content of the reports disclosed by Itaipu. The analysis of the reports indicates that Itaipu failed to adhere to the "comparability" principle, by omitting information on the amounts invested in the projects analyzed, causing the stakeholder reading to be impaired, however, it is possible to identify that Itaipu sought to maintain aligned with the other principles analyzed. This study contributed by seeking to fill the gap on the analysis of environmental disclosure in an organization of social relevance such as Itaipu Binational.

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INSERÇÃO REGIONAL DA USINA HIDRELÉTRICA BELO MONTE E A GOVERNANÇA TERRITORIAL

InterEspaço Revista de Geografia e Interdisciplinaridade ◽

10.18764/2446-6549.202004 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (19) ◽

pp. 202004

Author(s):

Gilberto de Miranda Rocha ◽

Marjorie Barros Neves ◽

André Farias

Keyword(s):

Regional Development ◽

Hydroelectric Plant ◽

Electric Energy ◽

Hydroelectric Power Plant ◽

Hydroelectric Power ◽

Investment Projects ◽

Palabras Clave ◽

Planning Concepts ◽

Regional Capital ◽

Belo Monte

REGIONAL INSERT OF THE BELO MONTE HYDROELECTRIC PLANT AND TERRITORIAL GOVERNANCEINSERCIÓN REGIONAL DE LA PLANTA HIDROELÉCTRICA BELO MONTE Y LA GOBERNANZA TERRITORIALRESUMOA relação entre a implantação de grandes projetos de investimento (GPI), em especial, os grandes projetos hidrelétricos e as populações locais, tem se constituído, um aspecto recorrente, desde a década de 1970, no âmbito dos debates sobre o desenvolvimento regional há décadas. A literatura técnica e científica sobre as hidrelétricas tem revelado não somente a sua natureza impactante, evidenciando as transformações territoriais delas advindas, como também o caráter de enclave e, mesmo, de empreendimentos de múltiplos propósitos no que respeita ao desenvolvimento regional. A natureza de enclave aponta a evidente subordinação do conjunto de interesses regionais ao cumprimento de um fim único: a geração de energia elétrica para abastecer demandas espacialmente distantes e potencializar os processos de acumulação de capital extra-regionais, com mínimos benefícios para a região de implantação. O presente trabalho tem assim por objetivo refletir sobre os processos de inserção regional de usinas hidrelétricas na Amazônia e a governança territorial implementada, considerando os aspectos mencionados acima e sua influência nas concepções de planejamento que orientaram a construção da usina hidrelétrica Belo Monte na década de 2011 a 2019.Palavras-chave: Hidrelétrica; Belo Monte; Amazônia.ABSTRACTThe relationship between the implementation of large investment projects (GPI), in particular, large hydroelectric projects and local populations, has been a recurring aspect since the 1970s, in the context of debates on regional development for decades. The technical and scientific literature on hydroelectric dams has revealed not only their impactful nature, highlighting their territorial transformations as well as the character of an enclave and even of multi-purpose ventures with regard to regional development. The nature of the enclave points to the evident subordination of the set of regional interests to the fulfillment of a single purpose: the generation of electric energy to supply spatially distant demands and to potentiate the processes of accumulation of extra-regional capital, with minimal benefits for the region of implantation. The present work aims to reflect on the processes of regional insertion of hydroelectric plants in the Amazon and the implemented territorial governance, considering the aspects mentioned above and their influence on the planning concepts that guided the construction of the Belo Monte hydroelectric plant in the 2011 decade to 2019.Keywords: Hydroelectric Power Plant; Belo Monte; Amazon.RESUMENLa relación entre la implementación de grandes proyectos de inversión (GPI), en particular, grandes proyectos hidroeléctricos y poblaciones locales, ha sido un aspecto recurrente desde la década de 1970, en el contexto de debates sobre desarrollo regional durante décadas. La literatura técnica y científica sobre represas hidroeléctricas ha revelado no solo su naturaleza impactante, mostrando sus transformaciones territoriales, así como el carácter de un enclave e, incluso, de emprendimientos multipropósito con respecto al desarrollo regional. La naturaleza del enclave apunta a la evidente subordinación del conjunto de intereses regionales al cumplimiento de un solo propósito: la generación de energía eléctrica para satisfacer demandas espacialmente distantes y potenciar los procesos de acumulación de capital extrarregional, con beneficios mínimos para la región de implantación. El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo reflexionar sobre los procesos de inserción regional de las centrales hidroeléctricas en la Amazonía y la gobernanza territorial implementada, considerando los aspectos mencionados anteriormente y su influencia en los conceptos de planificación que guiaron la construcción de la central hidroeléctrica Belo Monte en la década de 2011 hasta 2019.Palabras clave: Central Hidroeléctrica; Belo Monte; Amazonia.

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Contributions of Repertoires of Collective Actions in the Organization of the Populations Affected by Dams: A Study of the Itapebi Hydroelectric Power Plant

Organizações & Sociedade ◽

10.1590/1984-92302021v28n9809en ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 28 (98) ◽

pp. 677-709

Author(s):

Venícios Oliveira Alves ◽

Maria Gracinda Carvalho Teixeira

Keyword(s):

Power Plant ◽

Hydroelectric Plant ◽

Local Level ◽

Hydroelectric Power Plant ◽

Hydroelectric Power ◽

Collective Actions ◽

Central Function ◽

Charles Tilly ◽

Local Experience ◽

Initial Assumption

Abstract This research seeks to analyze the contributions of repertoires of collective actions in the organization of those affected by dams based on a study of the Itapebi Hydroelectric Power Plant. The repertoires of collective actions in this article are inspired by the author Charles Tilly and originate from the field of the theory of political sociology of social movements, defined as a set of forms of action in which there is political motivation. The initial assumption of the research is that the repertoires of collective actions created at the local level play a crucial role in the organization of those affected by the hydroelectric plant under study and help sustain the national demands of the Movement of Those Affected by Dams. The results of the research indicate that, through local experience, lived over the years by those involved, these repertoires have performed not only a central function in the organization of those affected in relation to compensatory issues proposals by the company responsible for the Itapebi enterprise, but also in the creation and strengthening public policies that will absorb local demands and their articulation with the national movement of the those by dams.

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