Concept of Shodhana procedure with special reference to Guggulu Resin (Commiphora Mukul Linn.)

Ayurveda, the science of life is being practiced by Aryans from Vedic period. In the Vedic period Guggulu was a well-known drug in Indigenous System of Medicine. In Atharvaveda it is mentioned to be used both externally and internally. By just consuming the odour of Guggulu, it reduces many diseases. Many properties of Guggulu are described in our classics. Guggulu is the oleoresin of Commiphora Mukul Linn., a plant that is native to India. Its extracts include compounds known for their hypolipidemic properties, the Z- and E- isomers of guggulsterone and its related guggulsterols. Kalpana is the process through which a substance can be transformed in to the form of medicine according to the need. During preparations of various formulations there are various Samskaras which are to be done for potentiating the drug or the formulation. Among all these pharmaceutical processes Shodhana is one of them. In our text, for a single drug many process of Shodhana in different ways have been mentioned. There are different medias explained in literature for Shodhana of Guggulu. According to the media of purification the quality and pharmacological properties of Guggulu will vary. Depending on the change in properties the therapeutic effect may also vary. The present study includes collection of different concepts regarding Shodana of Guggulu as per various classical references.

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Physico-chemical analysis of Haratala w.s.r. to its various Shodhana procedures

Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences (JAIMS) ◽

10.21760/jaims.v2i2.7708 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Bandeppa Sangolgi ◽

Ganapathi Rao ◽

Sangameshwar Benne

Keyword(s):

Chemical Analysis ◽

Analytical Study ◽

Operative Procedure ◽

Pharmacological Properties ◽

Arsenic Compounds ◽

Single Drug ◽

Physico Chemical ◽

The Media ◽

Pharmaceutical Processes

Kalpana is the process through which a substance can be transformed into the form of medicine according to the need. Samskaras are to be done for potentiating the drug or the formulation. Among all these pharmaceutical processes Shodhana is one of them. For a single drug many process of Shodhana have been mentioned. Arsenic compounds are being popularly used in Ayurveda therapeutics since centuries, Haratala being important among them. It is commonly used in treating the diseases like Sleshmaroga, Raktapitta, Vatarakta, Kustha etc. Haratala is called orpiment of yellow arsenic with two molecules of Arsenic and three molecules of Sulphur (AS2S3). Patra Haratala is Srestha and used for the present study. Haratala consumed without proper Shodhana shortens the life span, causes diseases of Kapha and Vata, Prameha, Santapa, Spotha, Snayu Sankocha. Hence Shodhana of Haratala is essential. There are different Medias explained in literature for Shodhana of Haratala. According to the media of purification the quality and pharmacological properties of Haratala will vary. Depending on the change in properties the therapeutic effect may also vary. The present study includes Shodhana of Patra Haratala as per Classical reference of Rasa Ratna Samucchaya where Shodana of Patra Haratala is done by Kushmanda Swarasa, Tila Kshara Jala and Churnodaka. Standard Operative Procedure of the process is done in the pharmaceutical study. The analytical study reveals the standards which can be given for Ashuddha Haratala and Shuddha Haratala of various Samples. The differences in the parameters reveal that there are some changes which give us the idea regarding role of a particular media in purification of a substance, where it adds some properties of the media used.

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An Appraisal of Vatsanābha (Aconitum Ferox Wall.) with Special Reference to Classical Texts Of Ayurveda: Saṁhitā, Cikitsā Grantha, Nighaṇṭus And Rasagrantha

The Healer ◽

10.51649/healer.3 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 19-25

Author(s):

Mital Buha ◽

Niral Sojeetra ◽

Rabinarayan Acharya

Keyword(s):

Medicinal Plant ◽

Special Reference ◽

Morphological Characters ◽

Pharmacological Properties ◽

Purification Procedure ◽

Base Metals ◽

Single Drug ◽

Cns Stimulation ◽

Clinical Conditions ◽

Collective Information

Background: Vatsanābha, (Aconitum ferox Wall., Ranunculaceae), has been well documented in Ayurvedic texts such as Saṁhitā (treatise), Nighaṇṭu (lexicons), Rasagranthas (compendia related to alchemy) and Cikitsā granthas (compendia of Ayurveda). Methods: This paper provides a collective information regarding Vatsanābha, its morphological characters, properties and actions mentioned in Nighantu, Samhita and Rasagrantha. Result and discussion: The study reveals that Vatsanābha, a medicinal plant has about forty-one synonyms (paryaya); and highlightes its morphological characters and pharmacological properties. It is attributed with properties like Vyavāyī (CNS stimulation followed by depression), Balya (tonic), Rasāyana (Rejuvenation), Kaṇṭharukhara (reliever of throat pain), etc. As a single drug, Vatsanābha is indicated in about twenty-seven clinical conditions like Agnimāndhya (digestive impairment), Kāsa (cough), Madāvaha (alcoholism), Gulma (abdominal lump), etc. Vatsanābha is used for Śodhana (purification procedure), krāmaṇa (transformation of base metals into gold) and Vedhana (alchemy); 3 saṅskāra among the aṣṭasaṅskāra of pārada. Conclusion: This review may enrich to documentary research and may provide collective and detailed information regarding Vatsanābha as it is presented in ayurvedic classical texts.

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THE PHARMACOLOGY OF THE RAUWOLFIA ALKALOIDS CHANDRINE AND SERPAKRINE

Canadian Journal of Biochemistry and Physiology ◽

10.1139/y60-110 ◽

1960 ◽

Vol 38 (1) ◽

pp. 889-897

Author(s):

A. K. Reynolds ◽

H. J. Presutti ◽

D. P. MacLeod

Keyword(s):

Smooth Muscle ◽

Special Reference ◽

Comparative Studies ◽

Hypotensive Activity ◽

Pharmacological Properties ◽

Root Extracts ◽

Cardiovascular Actions ◽

Per Se ◽

Ganglionic Blocking ◽

Depressor Action

The pharmacological properties of two new alkaloids of Rauwolfia serpentina have been studied with special reference to their cardiovascular actions. In several instances, comparative studies have been carried out with the clinically used alseroxylon fraction of R. serpentina. Chandrine and serpakrine do not profoundly influence the activity or behavior of intact animals unless administered in very large doses. They are completely devoid of the tranquilizing action that characterizes such bases as reserpine and rescinnamine. They do, however, exhibit marked hypotensive activity. The mechanism of this depressor action has not been clearly established. It is not seen in spinal animals, and there is no evidence of ganglionic blocking or peripheral adrenolytic action. The effects of chandrine or serpakrine per se on smooth muscle structures are not pronounced, but antiacetylcholine activity has been observed on these and other preparations. Their contribution to the actions of the clinically employed whole-root extracts is probably not very marked.

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Structural and Pharmacological Properties of Alkaloids with Special Reference to Thebaine Type Alkaloids

Biomedical Journal of Scientific & Technical Research ◽

10.26717/bjstr.2019.17.002993 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 17 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Sivakumar JT Gowder

Keyword(s):

Special Reference ◽

Pharmacological Properties

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Impact of Media on Domestic Violence

IMS Manthan (The Journal of Innovations) ◽

10.18701/imsmanthan.v10i1.5661 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Reena Gupta

Keyword(s):

Domestic Violence ◽

Special Reference ◽

Sigmund Freud ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Psychological Impact ◽

Electronic Media ◽

Effective Implementation ◽

The Media ◽

The Impact

This paper is a delineated attempt to analyze the impact of media on Domestic violence in India. The purpose of the paper is to understand the meaning of domestic violence and to analyze various theories of causation of domestic violence as well as positive and negative impact of media. The author also attempts to highlight the main reliefs provided in the Protection of Women Against Domestic Violence Act 2005 The Author is also attempting to highlight the various psychological impact of media like printed and electronic media, with special reference to the Aristotle, Sigmund Freud (catharsis)and Bandura (imitation) behaviorism along with other psychologists and criminologists views on the impact of media on domestic violence. As media plays a very important role there is need for setting Agendas for more effective implementation of the media for curbing the domestic violence.

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Translations, Transcreations and Transrepresentations of India in the Italian Media

Meta Journal des traducteurs ◽

10.7202/017972ar ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 53 (1) ◽

pp. 26-43 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Elena Di Giovanni

Keyword(s):

Special Reference ◽

Cultural Representation ◽

Television Commercials ◽

The Media ◽

Cultural Traits

Abstract This paper explores the dynamics of cultural representation through the media, making special reference to the translation of cultural traits that occur in the cinema and television. By taking into account several films and television commercials which were broadcast in Italy over a five-year span, featuring variously complex and stratified translations of India, an attempt is made to define and explore the different guises which translation can take when the object of transfer is not merely language and its purpose is not merely communication. The transformations which have been identified in the use and transfer of Indian cultural traits through the Italian media are here discussed in terms of translation, transcreation and transrepresentation.

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