Submerged Eutectic-Assisted, Solvent-Free Mechanochemical Formation of a Propranolol Salt and Its Other Multicomponent Solids

Salt preparation via a solid-state reaction offers a solution to challenges posed by current pharmaceutical research, which include combining development of novel forms of active pharmaceutical ingredients with greener, sustainable synthesis. This work investigated in detail the mechanism of salt formation between propranolol (PRO) and capric acid (CAP) and explored the solid eutectic phases comprising this salt, propranolol caprate (PRC). The salt structure was solved by X-ray diffraction, and the properties in the crystalline and supercooled states were fully characterised using thermal analysis, nuclear magnetic resonance, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and broadband dielectric spectroscopy (BDS). PRC forms via a submerged eutectic phase composed of PRO and CAP, below room temperature, by mechanochemistry without an extra input of energy. Two other solid eutectic phases are composed of PRC and either CAP or PRO, at 0.28 and 0.82 mol fraction of PRO, respectively. BDS indicated that the supercooled PRC has ionic character, whereas the supercooled PRC-PRO eutectic had predominantly non-ionic properties despite comprising the salt. In conclusion, knowledge of the mechanism of formation of multicomponent systems can help in designing more sustainable pharmaceutical processes.

Thermo-Mechanical Dry Coating as Dry Coating Process is for Pharmaceuticals

The manuscript aims to provide glimpse on updated information relating thermo-mechanical dry coating processes (TMDCP) suiting in modifying surface attributes of fine and ultra-fine particle (FiUlFiP). FiUlFiPs are the integral component of pharmaceutical processes. They exhibit complex and queer properties, are conferred mostly from their surface attributes colligated with their higher surface area. Particle engineering technocrats extensively working for modifying surface & surface attributes of FiUlFiPs. These efforts are to find their worthy applications & new functionalities. Among available diverse particle engineering technologies/ process, TMDCP, a dry coating process (DCP), advocated being worthy and efficient. The TMDCP finds multidisciplinary applications, mostly in drug development & drug delivery. Said DCP involves fixing and/or attaching coating material (CoM) as particles herein synonym guest particle (GP) onto core/substrate particle (CSP) herein synonym host particle (HP). Attaching/ fixing the GPs onto HPs, in TMDCP, involve their mechanical and/or thermal interactions. Scientific literatures are evidencing diverse techniques and/or process, basing on discussed interactions. Amongst them novel techniques/ processes are Hybridization, Magnetically assisted impaction coating process (MAICP), Mechanofusion, Theta-composer, and high shear compaction. In this area diverse devices/ equipments are prevailing in market. Important are Hybridizer, Magnetically assisted impaction coater (MAIC), Theta-composer, Mechanofusion, Quadro Comil®, Cyclomix®, and many others. Attempt of this article is to discuss and present their method of working, working principle, applicability, limitations, and benefits. Contained information might be beneficial for professionals of pharmaceutical and allied field. Keywords: dry coating, equipment, particles, processes, thermo-mechanical.

Analytical Methods in Standardization of Bhasmas: A Review

Ayurveda the ancient science well known for its potential therapeutic effects with unique metallic, herbal juices/fruits in the treatment of chronic ailments. A well- known ayurvedic potent preparation, Bhasma is also known as ash which is a metallic base prepared by sophisticated pharmaceutical processes also plays a major role in acute, sub-acute, and chronic diseases. In order to determine its quality and purity to make sure the acceptability, the safety of the formulation standardization is very necessary. In this short review, an attempt has been made to present ancient methods to standardize physical characterstics like Verna, Nisvadutam, Nishchandratvam, Varitara, Unama, Rekhapurmatvam, Slakshmatvam..etc.,and chemical characterstics of bhasmas like Apurnabhavta, Niruttha, Amla Pariksha with advanced methods like SEM, TEM, and NPST, along with other natural and ancient analytical techniques. Keywords: Bhasmas, Standardization, Analytical methods, SEM, TEM.

Concept of Kshara Nirmana Out of Kanji with Reference to Rasayansara- A Pharmaceutico-Analytical Study

Kanji (sour rice gruel) is an acidic fermented preparation mentioned in many of the Ayurveda classics for various purpose like therapeutic use, pharmaceutical processes etc. A special method of kanji preparation is mentioned in Rasaratnasamuchchaya commentary by Acharya Dattatreya Anant Kulkarni and similar preparation is also mentioned in Rasayansara book recommended for the Parada samskara (mercurial processes) with some difference in ingredients. Kshara (alkaline preparation/ alkali) is an important preparation mentioned in classics. In Rasayansara text, Acharya Shyamsundar Vaishyaji has described a unique method of Kshara nirmana out of the leftover material of the Kanji. This kind of innovative methods should be adopted to recycle the leftover waste matters. It will help in regenerate the new pharmaceutical product. Here an attempt has been done by preparing the kanji and the kshara out of its residue material as mentioned in Rasayansara. First Kanji was prepared as per the reference of Rasayansara book and the leftover after filtration was dried. The kshara was prepared out of this dried leftover. Organoleptic and physicochemical analysis of the prepared kshara was done. The average yield of obtained kshara was 4.88%. The moisture content of the final product found very less while total ash value found on higher side. The pH value suggests its alkaline nature. It shows good solubility in various solvents and good water-soluble extractive value. Exploration of such innovative procedures where waste stuff is been recycled should be increased in present time.

Polgár. - Die Heilung der Osteomalacie mittelst Castration. (Arch. F. Gyn., Bd. XLIX, Hft. 1). Treatment of osteomalacia with castration

The results achieved at the Budapest Clinic clearly show that if hygienic and pharmaceutical processes have a beneficial effect on osteomalacia, then castration in any case belongs to the palm in a number of therapeutic cases, which are not even possible with the help of this action of other means.