Modeling the train operation of the mainline locomotive

2018 ◽  
Vol 77 (4) ◽  
pp. 218-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. G. Silyuta ◽  
E. E. Kossov
Keyword(s):  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Control Algorithms ◽  
Diesel Generator ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Train Operation ◽  
Generator Unit ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Locomotive Train

To date, there is a large number of programs that simulate the train operation of the locomotive using the method of traction calculations. As input data in the program, information is entered about the track section, locomotive and train composition. The drawback of modeling the train motion using the traction calculation method is the obtaining of a local unimportant result for a particular section of the track. The article proposes a new approach to modeling the operation of freight mainline locomotive. The train operation of the mainline locomotive is represented by a limited number of generalized modes depending in turn on a limited set of initial conditions - the profile of the track section, the weight of the train, the speed of the locomotive, etc. In this case, the elements of the set of initial conditions are random variables. The advantage of the proposed approach is the ability to give a generalized assessment of the change in the performance of the locomotive train when introducing new elements and control algorithms into the diesel generator unit without linking to a particular section of the track. Comparison of the time of work on the positions of the driver's controller was obtained during the year by mathematical modeling and experienced runs with diesel locomotives of the 2TE116U series at Oktyabrskaya Railway, a branch of the Russian Railways. It showed that the maximum discrepancy between calculated and experimental data does not exceed 5 %. The proposed algorithm for simulating the train operation of the freight mainline locomotive allows reproducing the locomotive train performance parameters with an acceptable accuracy for practice. It can be used to obtain quantitative estimates of the impact of changes in the performance of the train operation of long-distance freight diesel locomotives when new elements and control algorithms are introduced into the diesel generator unit.

Fall on Backpack: Damage Minimizing Humanoid Fall on Targeted Body Segment Using Momentum Control

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sung-Hee Lee ◽  
Ambarish Goswami
Keyword(s):  
Impact Damage ◽  
Humanoid Robots ◽  
Control Algorithms ◽  
Body Segment ◽  
Dynamic Coupling ◽  
Planning And Control ◽  
Critical Issues ◽  
Absorbing Material ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact

Safety and robustness will become critical issues when humanoid robots start sharing human environments in the future. In physically interactive human environments, a catastrophic fall is the main threat to safety and smooth operation of humanoid robots, and thus it is critical to explore how to manage an unavoidable fall of humanoids. This paper deals with the problem of reducing the impact damage to a robot associated with a fall. A common approach is to employ damage-resistant design and apply impact-absorbing material to robot limbs, such as the backpack and knee, that are particularly prone to fall related impacts. In this paper, we select the backpack to be the most preferred body segment to experience an impact. We proceed to propose a control strategy that attempts to re-orient the robot during the fall such that it impacts the ground with its backpack. We show that the robot can fall on the backpack even when it starts falling sideways. This is achieved by utilizing dynamic coupling, i.e., by rotating the swing leg aiming to generate spin rotation of the trunk (backpack), and by rotating the trunk backward to drive the trunk to touch down with the backpack. The planning and control algorithms for fall are demonstrated in simulation.

scholarly journals An Integration of Train Timetabling, Platforming and Routing-Based Cooperative Adjustment Methodology for Dealing with Train Delay

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (07) ◽  
pp. 901-919
Author(s):  
Yinggui Zhang ◽  
Zengru Chen ◽  
Min An ◽  
Aliyu Mani Umar
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Railway Network ◽  
High Speed Railway ◽  
Train Timetabling ◽  
Safety Risks ◽  
Train Operation ◽  
Train Operation Adjustment ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact

Train delay is a serious issue that can spread rapidly in the railway network leading to further delay of other trains and detention of passengers in stations. However, the current practice in the event of the trail delay usually depends on train dispatcher’s experience, which cannot manage train operation effectively and may have safety risks. The application of intelligent railway monitor and control system can improve train operation management while increasing railway safety. This paper presents a methodology in which train timetabling, platforming and routing models are combined by studying the real-time adjustment and optimization of high-speed railway in the case of the train delay in order to produce a cooperative adjustment algorithm so that the train operation adjustment plan can be obtained. MATLAB computer programs have been developed based on the proposed methodology and adjustment criteria have been established from knowledge data bases in order to calculate optimized solutions. A case study is used to demonstrate the proposed methodology. The results show that the proposed method can quickly adjust the train operation plan in the case of the train delay, restore the normal train operation order, and reduce the impact of train delay on railway network effectively and efficiently.

Devolved Manufacturing

2002 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 291-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard J Bateman ◽  
Kai Cheng
Keyword(s):  
The Internet ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Emergent Technologies ◽  
Computer Based ◽  
Distribution Phase ◽  
Performance Gains ◽  
And Control ◽  
Manufacturing Time ◽  
True Mass

Recent changes in the product creation process have shown reductions in design and manufacturing time and costs due to the introduction of new manufacturing philosophies, and computer based methods. Major improvements have also been found in the distribution phase by use of sophisticated logistic scheduling and monitoring systems. However reductions in delivery costs and times look set to be reversed by increasing congestion on road/rail/air routes. The growth of the Internet and World Wide Web has created new opportunities and most organizations are introducing some form of e-commerce. The term e-manufacturing is now being used to describe attempts to optimize the use of manufacturing facilities by allowing interaction with, and control of, these facilities from geographically distant locations, typically using the Internet/www as the communication medium. This approach uses the conventional 'model' of manufacturing. Although the removal of some problems - e.g. those due to time-zones or language - can lead to performance gains, problems associated with delivery remain due to the increased distances to customers. In order to overcome the inherent limitations of the conventional approach and create true e-manufacture, a new approach is required which utilizes existing and emergent technologies to devolve the manufacturing process closer to the customer and thus avoid long distance distribution problems. Possible benefits of this approach include the potential for true mass customization ('individualization'), elimination of logistical problems, reduction of waste and requirements for working capital, and the creation of new global markets.

Design of Monitoring and Control System of Refrigeration and Oxygenation for Live Fish Transportation

2013 ◽  
Vol 321-324 ◽  
pp. 1609-1613 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guang Ling Zhang ◽  
Zhao Qin Lv
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Monitoring And Control ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Monitoring And Control System ◽  
Live Fish ◽  
The Common ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact

By analyzing the current situations of the common car transport live fish, the paper designs a monitoring control system of refrigeration and oxygenation for live fish transportation, which uses dissolved oxygen sensors and temperature sensors to achieve real-time monitoring of dissolved oxygen and temperature of the water in the tank during transport, analyze and study the conditions, and take timely measures to eliminate the adverse effects. The system also has an independent diesel engine driving force which separates with the power of the truck, and the system is truly free from the impact of traffic and a variety of emergencies, which maintains the living environment for live fish. Thereby, it enhanced the survival rate of live fish, which thoroughly solved the problems in the long distance transportation for live fish transportation clients and greatly increased the economic interest and social benefits.

scholarly journals Modeling the potential impact of indirect transmission on COVID-19 epidemic

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jummy David ◽  
Sarafa A. Iyaniwura ◽  
Pei Yuan ◽  
Yi Tan ◽  
Jude Kong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Grocery Stores ◽  
Peak Time ◽  
Cumulative Number ◽  
Direct Transmission ◽  
Current Increase ◽  
Monte Carlo Optimization ◽  
Indirect Transmission ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThe spread of SARS-CoV-2 through direct transmission (person-to-person) has been the focus of most studies on the dynamics of COVID-19. The efficacy of social distancing and mask usage at reducing the risk of direct transmission of COVID-19 has been studied by many researchers. Little or no attention is given to indirect transmission of the virus through shared items, commonly touch surfaces and door handles. The impact of the persistence of SARS-CoV-2 on hard surfaces and in the environment, on the dynamics of COVID-19 remain largely unknown. Also, the current increase in the number of cases despite the strict non-pharmaceutical interventions suggests a need to study the indirect transmission of COVID-19 while incorporating testing of infected individuals as a preventive measure. Assessing the impact of indirect transmission of the virus may improve our understanding of the overall dynamics of COVID-19. We developed a novel deterministic susceptible-exposed-infected-removed-virus-death compartmental model to study the impact of indirect transmission pathway on the spread of COVID-19, the sources of infection, and prevention/control. We fitted the model to the cumulative number of confirmed cases at episode date in Toronto, Canada using a Markov Chain Monte Carlo optimization algorithm. We studied the effect of indirect transmission on the epidemic peak, peak time, epidemic final size and the effective reproduction number, based on different initial conditions and at different stages. Our findings revealed an increase in cases with indirect transmission. Our work highlights the importance of implementing additional preventive and control measures involving cleaning of surfaces, fumigation, and disinfection to lower the spread of COVID-19, especially in public areas like the grocery stores, malls and so on. We conclude that indirect transmission of SARS-CoV-2 has a significant effect on the dynamics of COVID-19, and there is need to consider this transmission route for effective mitigation, prevention and control of COVID-19 epidemic.

Fall on Backpack: Damage Minimization of Humanoid Robots by Falling on Targeted Body Segments

2012 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sung-Hee Lee ◽  
Ambarish Goswami
Keyword(s):  
Management Strategy ◽  
Impact Damage ◽  
Humanoid Robots ◽  
Control Algorithms ◽  
Dynamic Coupling ◽  
Planning And Control ◽  
Critical Issues ◽  
Absorbing Material ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact

Safety and robustness will become critical issues when humanoid robots start sharing human environments in the future. In physically interactive human environments, a catastrophic fall is a major threat to the safety and smooth operation of humanoid robots. It is, therefore, imperative that humanoid robots be equipped with a comprehensive fall management strategy. This paper deals with the problem of reducing the impact damage to a robot associated with a fall. A common approach is to employ damage-resistant design and apply impact-absorbing material to robot limbs, such as the backpack and knee, that are particularly prone to fall related impacts. In this paper, we select the backpack to be the most preferred body segment to experience an impact. We proceed to propose a control strategy that attempts to reorient the robot during the fall such that it impacts the ground with its backpack. We show that the robot can fall on the backpack even when it starts falling sideways. This is achieved by generating and redistributing angular momentum among the robot limbs through dynamic coupling. The planning and control algorithms for a fall are demonstrated in simulation.

Suppressed, but Not Forgotten

2011 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beat Meier ◽  
Anja König ◽  
Samuel Parak ◽  
Katharina Henke
Keyword(s):  
Memory Trace ◽  
Thought Suppression ◽  
Test Phase ◽  
Indirect Test ◽  
Final Test ◽  
Test Experiment ◽  
And Control ◽  
Cue Words ◽  
The Impact

This study investigates the impact of thought suppression over a 1-week interval. In two experiments with 80 university students each, we used the think/no-think paradigm in which participants initially learn a list of word pairs (cue-target associations). Then they were presented with some of the cue words again and should either respond with the target word or avoid thinking about it. In the final test phase, their memory for the initially learned cue-target pairs was tested. In Experiment 1, type of memory test was manipulated (i.e., direct vs. indirect). In Experiment 2, type of no-think instructions was manipulated (i.e., suppress vs. substitute). Overall, our results showed poorer memory for no-think and control items compared to think items across all experiments and conditions. Critically, however, more no-think than control items were remembered after the 1-week interval in the direct, but not in the indirect test (Experiment 1) and with thought suppression, but not thought substitution instructions (Experiment 2). We suggest that during thought suppression a brief reactivation of the learned association may lead to reconsolidation of the memory trace and hence to better retrieval of suppressed than control items in the long term.

Research Participation Experiences of Informants of Suicide and Control Cases

Crisis ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 238-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul W. C. Wong ◽  
Wincy S. C. Chan ◽  
Philip S. L. Beh ◽  
Fiona W. S. Yau ◽  
Paul S. F. Yip ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Research Participation ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Initial Contact ◽  
Psychological Autopsy ◽  
Autopsy Study ◽  
The People ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact

Background: Ethical issues have been raised about using the psychological autopsy approach in the study of suicide. The impact on informants of control cases who participated in case-control psychological autopsy studies has not been investigated. Aims: (1) To investigate whether informants of suicide cases recruited by two approaches (coroners’ court and public mortuaries) respond differently to the initial contact by the research team. (2) To explore the reactions, reasons for participation, and comments of both the informants of suicide and control cases to psychological autopsy interviews. (3) To investigate the impact of the interviews on informants of suicide cases about a month after the interviews. Methods: A self-report questionnaire was used for the informants of both suicide and control cases. Telephone follow-up interviews were conducted with the informants of suicide cases. Results: The majority of the informants of suicide cases, regardless of the initial route of contact, as well as the control cases were positive about being approached to take part in the study. A minority of informants of suicide and control cases found the experience of talking about their family member to be more upsetting than expected. The telephone follow-up interviews showed that none of the informants of suicide cases reported being distressed by the psychological autopsy interviews. Limitations: The acceptance rate for our original psychological autopsy study was modest. Conclusions: The findings of this study are useful for future participants and researchers in measuring the potential benefits and risks of participating in similar sensitive research. Psychological autopsy interviews may be utilized as an active engagement approach to reach out to the people bereaved by suicide, especially in places where the postvention work is underdeveloped.

Using Work Domain Analysis to Evaluate the Impact of Digitization on Command and Control

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel P. Jenkins ◽  
Neville A. Stanton ◽  
Paul M. Salmon ◽  
Guy H. Walker
Keyword(s):  
Command And Control ◽  
Domain Analysis ◽  
Work Domain Analysis ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Work Domain
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