Development of Lubricating EA Gel Oil of Marine Engine for VGP

In 2010, the Deepwater Horizon oil spill – the largest marine oil spill in the history of the petroleum history – occurred. The cause of the Deepwater Horizon oil spill was an explosion on the oil drilling well. There are other causes of major oil spills, including leakages from sunken vessels. As a result, there is increasing attention on environmental protections. The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has, in recent years, put more stringent measures in place in an attempt to curb the potential for oil spillages. One of their key focuses has been on accidental spills during the operation of marine vessels, which culminated in its Vessel General Permit (VGP). In 2013, the EPA ruled that the VGP mandated the use of environmentally friendly lubricants, where all ship operators entering the US had to use eco-friendly lubricants in all of the equipment that came into contact with seawater. Tomohiro Murakami is a Japanese researcher who has focused the majority of his studies on the development of novel gels and lubricants that have attractive properties. Based at the Yuge National College of Maritime Technology in Japan, he and his team has been working on overcoming the challenges associated with creating eco-friendly lubricants for use in marine vessels.

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PROPERTIES AND EFFECTS OF NONPETROLEUM OILS

International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings ◽

10.7901/2169-3358-1975-1-29 ◽

1975 ◽

Vol 1975 (1) ◽

pp. 29-32 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Hans J. Crump-Wiesner ◽

Allen L. Jennings

Keyword(s):

Pollution Control ◽

Environmental Protection Agency ◽

Oil Spills ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Protection Agency ◽

Legislative History ◽

History Of ◽

Physical And Chemical ◽

Petroleum Oil ◽

And Chemical Properties

ABSTRACT Legislative history of water pollution control has not included detailed scientific definitions of what is meant by the rather inclusive term “oil.” Because of the publicity surrounding spills of crude or petroleum-derived oils, little attention has been focused on non-petroleum oils. Approximately 5% of the oil spills reported to the Environmental Protection Agency are nonpetroleum oils. Their physical and chemical properties and adverse environmental effects are strikingly similar to the behavior of petroleum oil in the aquatic environment. This paper presents a comparative analysis of the properties and effects of petroleum versus nonpetroleum oils. Their similarities prove that these oils should be treated as one entity regardless of their origin. Finally, additional guidelines are presented to provide a more broadly applicable distinction between oil and other hazardous materials for enforcement purposes.

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Building Community Resilience to Large Oil Spills: Findings and Recommendations from a Synthesis of Research on the Mental Health, Economic, and Community Distress Associated with the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill

10.7249/rra409-1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Melissa Finucane ◽

Aaron Clark-Ginsberg ◽

Andrew Parker ◽

Alejandro Becerra-Ornelas ◽

Noreen Clancy ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Health Economic ◽

Oil Spill ◽

Oil Spills ◽

Community Resilience ◽

Deepwater Horizon ◽

Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill ◽

Building Community

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Novel Pathways for Injury from Offshore Oil Spills: Direct, Sublethal and Indirect Effects of the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill on Pelagic Sargassum Communities

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0074802 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 8 (9) ◽

pp. e74802 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Sean P. Powers ◽

Frank J. Hernandez ◽

Robert H. Condon ◽

J. Marcus Drymon ◽

Christopher M. Free

Keyword(s):

Oil Spill ◽

Indirect Effects ◽

Oil Spills ◽

Deepwater Horizon ◽

Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill ◽

Offshore Oil

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A critical review of marine snow in the context of oil spills and oil spill dispersant treatment with focus on the Deepwater Horizon oil spill

Marine Pollution Bulletin ◽

10.1016/j.marpolbul.2018.07.028 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 135 ◽

pp. 346-356 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

Odd G. Brakstad ◽

Alun Lewis ◽

C.J. Beegle-Krause

Keyword(s):

Oil Spill ◽

Critical Review ◽

Oil Spills ◽

Deepwater Horizon ◽

Marine Snow ◽

Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill

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Corporate Liability and Compensation Following the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill: Is There a Need for an International Regime?

Groningen Journal of International Law ◽

10.21827/5b51d56596663 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 161

Author(s):

Stephanie Theodotou

Keyword(s):

Oil Spill ◽

Storage Capacity ◽

Oil Spills ◽

Deepwater Horizon ◽

Legal Framework ◽

International Regime ◽

Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill ◽

Offshore Installations ◽

Offshore Oil ◽

Corporate Liability

The purpose of this article is to assess the effectiveness of the current fragmented legal framework regarding corporate liability and compensation following oil spills from offshore installations, in light of the Deepwater Horizon oil spill. It evaluates whether Deepwater Horizon has signalled the need to adopt a uniform international regime, which will regulate compensation and liability concerning oil spills from offshore oil installations. The first part of this article provides the factual background of the Deepwater Horizon oil spill, with an emphasis on the corporate liability and compensation issues that arose in this incident and the response by the U.S. Government. The second part evaluates the effectiveness of the current three-tiered system of compensation in the oil tanker industry, as well as the supplementary voluntary agreements thereto, and assesses whether this legal framework could be adopted to the regime governing oil spills from offshore oil installations. It notes the stark contrast between oil spills from oil tankers and oil spills from offshore oil installations, in that an oil tanker’s maximum storage capacity is known which makes the risk of potential spillage calculable. In contrast, it is impossible to make such a calculation for oil spills resulting from offshore oil installations since, although the storage capacity of the installation is defined when it is constructed, the amount of oil that can be spilled directly from the well drilled into the marine environment is unpredictable. The third part discusses the prospects for adopting an international civil liability and compensation regime governing oil spills from offshore installations, with reference to several international and regional attempts that have been made to establish an efficient regime and provides proposals for an efficient and effective international regime.

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The Effect of Oil Spills on Workers Involved in Containment and Abatement

AAOHN Journal ◽

10.1177/216507991105901103 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 59 (11) ◽

pp. 477-482

Author(s):

Roberta Moore ◽

Candace M. Burns

Keyword(s):

Occupational Health ◽

Oil Spill ◽

Lung Diseases ◽

Oil Spills ◽

Deepwater Horizon ◽

Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill ◽

Marine Life

The Deepwater Horizon oil spill is the most recent manmade disaster to challenge occupational health nurses caring for a unique worker population. The effects of oil spills on wildlife, marine life, and the ecosystem are well studied and documented, but the effects on workers who contain and abate such disasters are not. These workers can suffer from a multitude of illnesses and injuries, such as ataxia, migraines, and various lung diseases, which can be a challenge for occupational health nurses.

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