Experimental Studies on Alveolar Bone Formation with .ALPHA.-TCP-Collagen Material.

The aim of this study was to investigate the behavior of dental-derived human mesenchymal stem cells (d-hMSCs) in response to differently surface-treated implants and to evaluate the effect of d-hMSCs on local osteogenesis around an implant in vivo. d-hMSCs derived from alveolar bone were established and cultured on machined, sandblasted and acid-etched (SLA)-treated titanium discs with and without osteogenic induction medium. Their morphological and osteogenic potential was assessed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) via mixing of 5 × 106 of d-hMSCs with 1 mL of Metrigel and 20 μL of gel-cell mixture, which was dispensed into the defect followed by the placement of customized mini-implants (machined, SLA-treated implants) in New Zealand white rabbits. Following healing periods of 2 weeks and 12 weeks, the obtained samples in each group were analyzed radiographically, histomorphometrically and immunohistochemically. The quantitative change in osteogenic differentiation of d-hMSCs was identified according to the type of surface treatment. Radiographic analysis revealed that an increase in new bone formation was statistically significant in the d-hMSCs group. Histomorphometric analysis was in accordance with radiographic analysis, showing the significantly increased new bone formation in the d-hMSCs group regardless of time of sacrifice. Human nuclei A was identified near the area where d-hMSCs were implanted but the level of expression was found to be decreased as time passed. Within the limitations of the present study, in this animal model, the transplantation of d-hMSCs enhanced the new bone formation around an implant and the survival and function of the stem cells was experimentally proven up to 12 weeks post-sacrifice.

Download Full-text

Cyclodextrin-Based Supramolecular Complexes of Osteoinductive Agents for Dental Tissue Regeneration

Pharmaceutics ◽

10.3390/pharmaceutics13020136 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 136

Author(s):

Masahiko Terauchi ◽

Atsushi Tamura ◽

Yoshinori Arisaka ◽

Hiroki Masuda ◽

Tetsuya Yoda ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Growth Factors ◽

Bone Formation ◽

Small Molecule ◽

Tissue Regeneration ◽

Alveolar Bone ◽

Inclusion Complexation ◽

Dental Tissue ◽

Polyelectrolyte Complexes ◽

Small Molecule Drugs

Oral tissue regeneration has received growing attention for improving the quality of life of patients. Regeneration of oral tissues such as alveolar bone and widely defected bone has been extensively investigated, including regenerative treatment of oral tissues using therapeutic cells and growth factors. Additionally, small-molecule drugs that promote bone formation have been identified and tested as new regenerative treatment. However, treatments need to progress to realize successful regeneration of oral functions. In this review, we describe recent progress in development of regenerative treatment of oral tissues. In particular, we focus on cyclodextrin (CD)-based pharmaceutics and polyelectrolyte complexation of growth factors to enhance their solubility, stability, and bioactivity. CDs can encapsulate hydrophobic small-molecule drugs into their cavities, resulting in inclusion complexes. The inclusion complexation of osteoinductive small-molecule drugs improves solubility of the drugs in aqueous solutions and increases in vitro osteogenic differentiation efficiency. Additionally, various anionic polymers such as heparin and its mimetic polymers have been developed to improve stability and bioactivity of growth factors. These polymers protect growth factors from deactivation and degradation by complex formation through electrostatic interaction, leading to potentiation of bone formation ability. These approaches using an inclusion complex and polyelectrolyte complexes have great potential in the regeneration of oral tissues.

Download Full-text

EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES ON HETEROPLASTIC BONE FORMATION

Journal of Experimental Medicine ◽

10.1084/jem.32.6.745 ◽

1920 ◽

Vol 32 (6) ◽

pp. 745-766 ◽

Cited By ~ 25

Author(s):

Goichi Asami ◽

William Dock

Keyword(s):

Connective Tissue ◽

Bone Formation ◽

Direct Contact ◽

Endochondral Ossification ◽

Experimental Studies ◽

Rabbit Kidney ◽

Transitional Epithelium ◽

Ear Cartilage ◽

Calcium Deposits ◽

New Formation

1. Bone formation in the rabbit kidney with ligated vessels takes place (a) through the activity of young fibroblasts which accumulate to form a membrane-like structure; (b) subsequently by direct ossification of hyaline connective tissue in continuity with preformed bone; and (c) through erosion of lime placques by granulating tissue and laying down of lamellar bone by cells derived from fibroblasts. 2. Bone formation in the rabbit kidney begins not in direct contact with calcium deposits, but in the loose vascular connective tissue close under the transitional epithelium of the calices. 3. With autotransplanted ear cartilage of the rabbit there is an active new formation of cartilage in the connective tissue which surrounds the transplants, and the bone is formed by the fibroblasts from the perichondrium which erode and invade the calcified areas in this new cartilage. 4. The process of bone formation in the kidney is similar to that found in normal membranous ossification, while with the transplanted ear cartilage the process is identical with endochondral ossification.

Download Full-text

Effects of sialoadenectomy and exogenous EGF on molar drift and orthodontic tooth movement in rats

AJP Endocrinology and Metabolism ◽

10.1152/ajpendo.1994.266.5.e731 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 266 (5) ◽

pp. E731-E738 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

C. Dolce ◽

J. Anguita ◽

L. Brinkley ◽

P. Karnam ◽

M. Humphreys-Beher ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bone Formation ◽

Bone Remodeling ◽

Alveolar Bone ◽

Tooth Movement ◽

Orthodontic Tooth Movement ◽

Alveolar Bone Remodeling ◽

Tooth Roots ◽

Epidermal Growth ◽

Tetracycline Labeling ◽

Distal Aspect

Effects on bone remodeling have been attributed to epidermal growth factor (EGF). Sialoadenectomy (SX) removes the major source of EGF in rodents and decreases both salivary and serum EGF levels. EGF effects on rat alveolar bone remodeling manifested by molar drift (MD) and orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) were examined using the following two approaches: 1) EGF depletion by SX and replacement by orally administered EGF (50 micrograms.animal-1.day-1); 2) sham rats supplemented with matching amounts of EGF. MD and OTM were measured using cephalometric radiographs; bone formation was measured histomorphometrically using tetracycline labeling. Normal MD was not detected after SX, and alveolar bone formation was significantly reduced both around the tooth and in nondental sites. Replacement EGF given to SX rats and supplemental EGF administered to sham rats changed the direction and enhanced the rate of MD. A mesially directed orthodontic force applied to the molars of SX animals increased bone formation on the distal aspect of the tooth roots. Supplemental EGF did not significantly affect OTM. EGF affects alveolar bone remodeling, as manifested clinically by alterations in normal maxillary MD.

Download Full-text

Uranium inhibits bone formation in physiologic alveolar bone modeling and remodeling

Environmental Research ◽

10.1016/s0013-9351(05)80191-4 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 54 (1) ◽

pp. 17-23 ◽

Cited By ~ 37

Author(s):

A.M. Ubios ◽

M.B. Guglielmotti ◽

T. Steimetz ◽

R.L. Cabrini

Keyword(s):

Bone Formation ◽

Alveolar Bone ◽

Bone Modeling ◽

Bone Modeling And Remodeling

Download Full-text

Alveolar Bone Formation in Patients with Unilateral and Bilateral Cleft Lip and Palate after Early Secondary Gingivoalveoloplasty: Long-Term Results

Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery ◽

10.1097/01.prs.0000256064.74938.72 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 119 (5) ◽

pp. 1527-1537 ◽

Cited By ~ 33

Author(s):

Maria Costanza Meazzini ◽

Chiara Tortora ◽

Alberto Morabito ◽

Giovanna Garattini ◽

Roberto Brusati

Keyword(s):

Bone Formation ◽

Cleft Lip ◽

Cleft Lip And Palate ◽

Alveolar Bone ◽

Long Term Results ◽

Bilateral Cleft Lip

Download Full-text

Normal tooth eruption and alveolar bone formation

Etiology-Based Dental and Craniofacial Diagnostics ◽

10.1002/9781118912089.ch6 ◽

2016 ◽

pp. 61-72

Keyword(s):

Bone Formation ◽

Alveolar Bone ◽

Tooth Eruption

Download Full-text

Hyaluronic acid as an active agent to accelerate bone regeneration aftertooth extraction: a literature review

Indonesian Journal of Pharmacology and Therapy ◽

10.22146/ijpther.1016 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Andyka Yasa I Putu Gede ◽

I Made Jawi ◽

I Made Muliarta

Keyword(s):

Molecular Weight ◽

Hyaluronic Acid ◽

Bone Formation ◽

Tooth Extraction ◽

Alveolar Bone ◽

Healing Process ◽

Active Agent ◽

Inflammatory Phase ◽

Passive Mechanism ◽

Active Mechanism

Tooth extraction is a dental treatment that is performed frequently in dentistry. This procedure will stimulate a sophisticated healing process involving a variety of biological factors although it takes a long time to complete. Three phases occur in this process i.e. the inflammatory phase, the proliferation phase, and the remodeling phase which aim to restore the tissue function. Several interventions can be used to accelerate bone formation after tooth extraction. Recently, hyaluronic acid (HA) has been commonly used in dentistry due to their essential physiological effects for the periodontal connective tissue, gingiva, and alveolar bone. Hyaluronic acidis a natural non-sulfate glycosaminoglycans compound that has high molecular weight consisting of D-glucuronic acid and N-acetylglucosamine. Hyaluronic acidis also a component of the extracellular matrix that plays an important role in morphogenesis and tissue healing. The mechanism of action of HA works in two ways, that is passive and active mechanism. The passive mechanism is depend on physical and chemical properties of HA that can change the molecular weight and concentration properties. The active mechanism of HA works by stimulating signal transduction pathway initiated by ligand binding with its receptors through autocrine or paracrine processes. The administration of HA can accelerate bone formation due to it can enhance bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) which belongs to the TGF- β superfamily that has high osteogenic capacity. The HA works through a passive mechanism that depends on its molecular weight and an active mechanism by increasing BMP activity.

Download Full-text

Telmisartan Prevents Alveolar Bone Loss by Decreasing the Expression of Osteoclasts Markers in Hypertensive Rats With Periodontal Disease

Frontiers in Pharmacology ◽

10.3389/fphar.2020.579926 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 ◽

Author(s):

Victor Gustavo Balera Brito ◽

Mariana Sousa Patrocinio ◽

Maria Carolina Linjardi de Sousa ◽

Ayná Emanuelli Alves Barreto ◽

Sabrina Cruz Tfaile Frasnelli ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Angiotensin Ii ◽

Bone Loss ◽

Bone Formation ◽

Periodontal Disease ◽

Alveolar Bone ◽

Renin Angiotensin System ◽

Alveolar Bone Loss ◽

Hypertensive Rats ◽

Bone Formation Markers ◽

Tnf Α

Periodontal disease (PD) is a prevalent inflammatory disease with the most severe consequence being the loss of the alveolar bone and teeth. We therefore aimed to evaluate the effects of telmisartan (TELM), an angiotensin II type 1 receptor (Agtr1) antagonist, on the PD-induced alveolar bone loss, in Wistar (W) and Spontaneous Hypertensive Rats (SHRs). PD was induced by ligating the lower first molars with silk, and 10 mg/kg TELM was concomitantly administered for 15 days. The hemimandibles were subjected to microtomography, ELISA was used for detecting tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), CXCL3, and CCL2, while qRT-PCR was used for analyzing expression of components of renin-angiotensin system (RAS) (Agt, Ace, Agt1r, Agt2r, Ace2, and Masr), and bone markers (Runx2, Osx, Catnb, Alp, Col1a1, Opn, Ocn, Bsp, Bmp2, Trap, Rank, Rankl, CtsK, Mmp-2, Mmp-9, and osteoclast-associated receptor (Oscar)). The SHR + PD group showed greater alveolar bone loss than the W + PD group, what was significantly inhibited by treatment with TELM, especially in the SHR group. Additionally, TELM reduced the production of TNF-α, IL-1β, and CXCL3 in the SHR group. The expression of Agt increased in the groups with PD, while Agtr2 reduced, and TELM reduced the expression of Agtr1 and increased the expression of Agtr2, in W and SHRs. PD did not induce major changes in the expression of bone formation markers, except for the expression of Alp, which decreased in the PD groups. The bone resorption markers expression, Mmp9, Ctsk, and Vtn, was higher in the SHR + PD group, compared to the respective control and W + PD group. However, TELM attenuated these changes and increased the expression of Runx2 and Alp. Our study suggested that TELM has a protective effect on the progression of PD, especially in hypertensive animals, as evaluated by the resorption of the lower alveolar bone. This can be partly explained by the modulation in the expression of Angiotensin II receptors (AT1R and AT2R), reduced production of inflammatory mediators, the reduced expression of resorption markers, and the increased expression of the bone formation markers.

Download Full-text

Bone Regenerative Properties of Injectable Calcium Phosphate/PLGA Cement in an Alveolar Bone Defect

Key Engineering Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.529-530.300 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 529-530 ◽

pp. 300-303 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

R.P. Félix Lanao ◽

J.W.M. Hoekstra ◽

Joop G.C. Wolke ◽

Sander C.G. Leeuwenburgh ◽

A.S. Plachokova ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Growth Factors ◽

Growth Factor ◽

Calcium Phosphate ◽

Bone Formation ◽

Bone Substitute ◽

Alveolar Bone ◽

Bone Defects ◽

Plga Microspheres ◽

Bone Substitute Material ◽

Substitute Material

Periodontitis is one of the most common inflammatory diseases, which can lead to early tooth loss. The conventional treatment of periodontitis is to arrest the disease progression. Most reconstructive procedures involve application of bone substitutes, barrier membranes or a combination of both into the bony defects. Calcium phosphate cements (CPCs) are the predominant type of bone substitute material used for reasons of injectability and hence perfect filling potential for bone defects. Recently, injectable apatitic CPCs demonstrated to be more rapidly degradable when combined with poly (lactic-co-glycolic) acid (PLGA) microspheres. Further, PLGA microspheres can be used as a delivery vehicle for growth factors. In this study, the performance of injectable CPCs as a bone substitute material for alveolar bone defects created in Beagle dogs was evaluated. Four CPC-formulations were generated by incorporating hollow or dense PLGA microspheres, either or not loaded with the growth factors (platelet derived growth factor (PDGF) and insulin-like growth factor (IGF). Implantation period was 8 weeks. Bone formation was based on histological and histomorphometrical evaluation. The results demonstrated that filling alveolar bone defects with CPC-dense PLGA revealed significant more bone formation compared to CPC-hollow PLGA either or not loaded with IGF and PDGF. In summary, we conclude that injectable CPC-dense PLGA composites proved to be the most suitable material for a potential use as off the shelf material due to its good biocompatibility, enhanced degradability and subsequent bone formation.

Download Full-text