Bias in Online Recruitment and Retention of Racial and Ethnic Minority Men Who Have Sex With Men

Evidence-based research has highlighted the need for exploring factors that support the mental health of men who have sex with men living with HIV/AIDS (MSMLWH), and environmental influences that promote their resilience to HIV/AIDS. This exploratory study utilized a community-based participatory research approach to investigate barriers and facilitators to promoting resilience to HIV/AIDS, specifically among racial and ethnic minority, middle-aged and older MSMLWH, a population that continues to be significantly impacted by HIV/AIDS today. This collaborative, qualitative study recruited participants who identified as racial or ethnic minority MSMLWH, were aged 40 or older, and resided in Ontario, Canada. Participants (n = 24) discussed in their interviews barriers and facilitators to promoting resilience to HIV/AIDS, which they recognized from their lived experiences. Utilizing thematic analysis, themes related to barriers and facilitators to promoting resilience to HIV/AIDS were identified. Themes related to identified barriers included: (1) language proficiency, (2) racism, (3) pernicious norms in North American gay culture, and (4) HIV stigma. Themes related to identified facilitators included: (1) compartmentalization, (2) perseverance, and (3) community-based health and social services. This article discusses the implications of the study’s findings, particularly on how they may influence the development of future services for racial and ethnic minority, middle-aged and older MSMLWH.

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Expanding PrEP Services for Men Who Have Sex With Men and Transgender Persons Through Health Department Programs: Key Processes and Outcomes From Project PrIDE, 2015-2019

Public Health Reports ◽

10.1177/00333549211058173 ◽

2022 ◽

pp. 003335492110581

Author(s):

Mesfin S. Mulatu ◽

Jarvis W. Carter ◽

Stephen A. Flores ◽

Shaliondel Benton ◽

Carla A. Galindo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ethnic Minority ◽

Health Equity ◽

Minority Groups ◽

The United States ◽

Health Departments ◽

Ethnic Minority Groups ◽

Transgender Persons ◽

Sex With Men ◽

Building Program ◽

Racial And Ethnic Minority

Objective: Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) Implementation, Data to Care, and Evaluation (PrIDE) was a demonstration project implemented by 12 state and local health departments during 2015-2019 to expand PrEP services for men who have sex with men (MSM) and transgender persons at risk for HIV infection. We describe findings from the cross-jurisdictional evaluation of the project. Methods: We analyzed work plans, annual progress reports, and aggregate quantitative program data submitted by funded health departments (n = 12) to identify key activities implemented and summarize key project outcomes. Results: PrIDE jurisdictions implemented multiple health equity–focused activities to expand PrEP services to priority populations, including building program capacity, conducting knowledge and awareness campaigns, providing PrEP support services, and addressing barriers to PrEP use. Overall, PrIDE jurisdictions identified 44 813 persons with PrEP indications. Of these, 74.8% (n = 33 500) were referred and 33.1% (n = 14 821) were linked to PrEP providers, and 25.3% (n = 11 356) were prescribed PrEP. Most persons prescribed PrEP were MSM or transgender persons (87.9%) and persons from racial and ethnic minority groups (65.6%). However, among persons with PrEP indications, non-Hispanic Black/African American persons (14.9% of 18 782) were less likely than non-Hispanic White persons (31.0% of 11 633) to be prescribed PrEP ( z = −33.57; P < .001). Conclusions: PrIDE jurisdictions successfully expanded PrEP services for MSM, transgender persons, and racial and ethnic minority groups by implementing health equity–focused activities that addressed barriers to PrEP services. However, PrEP prescription was generally low, with significant disparities by demographic characteristics. Additional targeted interventions are needed to expand PrEP services, achieve equity in PrEP use, and contribute to ending the HIV epidemic in the United States.

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Experiences of community and parental violence among HIV-positive young racial/ethnic minority men who have sex with men

AIDS Care ◽

10.1080/09540121.2013.861571 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 26 (7) ◽

pp. 827-834 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Gregory Phillips ◽

Lisa B. Hightow-Weidman ◽

Sheldon D. Fields ◽

Thomas P. Giordano ◽

Angulique Y. Outlaw ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ethnic Minority ◽

Hiv Positive ◽

Parental Violence ◽

Minority Men ◽

Sex With Men ◽

Racial Ethnic

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HIV/AIDS Among Racial/Ethnic Minority Men Who Have Sex With Men—United States, 1989-1998

JAMA ◽

10.1001/jama.283.8.995 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 283 (8) ◽

pp. 995 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Ethnic Minority ◽

Minority Men ◽

Sex With Men ◽

Racial Ethnic ◽

Hiv Aids

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Trends in AIDS Incidence and Survival Among Racial/Ethnic Minority Men Who Have Sex with Men, United States, 1990–1999

JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes ◽

10.1097/00126334-200211010-00011 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 31 (3) ◽

pp. 339-347 ◽

Cited By ~ 47

Author(s):

Janet M. Blair ◽

Patricia L. Fleming ◽

John M. Karon

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Ethnic Minority ◽

Minority Men ◽

Sex With Men ◽

Racial Ethnic

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Patterns of HIV Disclosure and Condom Use Among HIV-Infected Young Racial/Ethnic Minority Men Who Have Sex with Men

AIDS and Behavior ◽

10.1007/s10461-012-0331-x ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

pp. 360-368 ◽

Cited By ~ 31

Author(s):

Lisa B. Hightow-Weidman ◽

Gregory Phillips ◽

Angulique Y. Outlaw ◽

Amy R. Wohl ◽

Sheldon Fields ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Condom Use ◽

Ethnic Minority ◽

Hiv Disclosure ◽

Minority Men ◽

Sex With Men ◽

Racial Ethnic

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On the Margins of College Life: The Experiences of Racial and Ethnic Minority Men in the Extracurriculum

Journal of Contemporary Ethnography ◽

10.1177/0891241619869808 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 49 (2) ◽

pp. 147-175

Author(s):

Blake R. Silver

Keyword(s):

Ethnic Minority ◽

Campus Climate ◽

Ethnographic Study ◽

Self Presentation ◽

College Life ◽

Race And Gender ◽

Identity Strategies ◽

Minority Men ◽

And Gender ◽

Racial And Ethnic Minority

Today, racial and ethnic minority (REM) men complete college at lower rates and perceive a less welcoming campus climate than their white and female peers. Although these disparities in perceptions and outcomes are well-documented, we know less about how they are produced. Drawing on an ethnographic study at a four-year public university, I examine the experiences of REM men in the extracurricular realm of college. Findings illuminate how students become locked into narrow identity strategies in order to distance themselves from controlling images and conform to the demands of peers. These styles of self-presentation offer limited emotional dividends, making it difficult to feel a durable sense of belonging. Further, social class intersects with race and gender, shaping the capacity of REM men to navigate mistreatment and marginalization in the broader extracurricular landscape. This research has implications for scholarship and for efforts to support REM men in higher education.

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