Post creation strategies in a smoking cessation intervention based on motivational interviewing using Facebook: a mixed-methods content analysis (Preprint)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Pócs ◽  
Tímea Óvári ◽  
Csaba Hamvai ◽  
Oguz Kelemen
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Motivational Interviewing ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Negative Feedback ◽  
Smoking Cessation Intervention ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tobacco Use Cessation ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Cessation Intervention ◽  
Significant Difference

BACKGROUND Smoking cessation support on Facebook (FB) is a cost-effective and extensible way to reduce tobacco use among young people. Motivational interviewing (MI) is a practical counselling style in face-to-face smoking cessation support and can be useful in web-based interventions as well. OBJECTIVE This study aimed at identifying which post creation strategies based on MI could achieve positive changes in FB post characteristics and FB users’ comments. METHODS We included MI-adherent posts (N=701) which were not boosted and were targeted at tobacco users. These FB posts have been categorized into five different groups according to specific MI strategies. The control group comprised entertaining and informative posts. Primary outcomes seem to highlight how the content has stimulated interactions (engagement rate), inhibited interactions (negative feedback) or appealed to the audience of the FB page (fan-total reach ratio). The first comments received on the FB posts were evaluated and used as secondary outcomes. We applied the classification of MI approach: change talk (CT), sustain talk (ST), desire, ability, reason, need (DARN), and commitment, activation, taking steps (CAT). RESULTS FB posts which used MI strategies were associated with significantly higher engagement rate (p=.010), higher fan-total reach ratio (p<.001), and more CT (p<.001), DARN (p=.005), or CAT comments (p=.003) compared to the control group. ‘Elaborating CT’ strategies elicited considerably more CT (p<.001) and DARN comments (p=.020). ‘Affirming CT’ strategies obtained higher fan-total reach ratio (p=.011) and generated significantly more CT (p=.006) and CAT comments (p<.001). ‘Reflecting CT’ strategies received significantly higher fan-total reach ratio (p<.001). Finally, ‘relational MI’ strategies achieved significantly higher engagement rate (p<.001) compared to the control group. It should be noted that we did not find significant difference in negative feedback and the number of ST comments. CONCLUSIONS Post creation strategies based on MI stimulated interactions with FB users and generated conversation about tobacco use cessation without relevant negative feedback. Our findings suggest that MI strategies may play a remarkable role in post creation within a web-based smoking cessation intervention. In the future, these strategies could be applicable to other online platforms, such as public health websites, health blogs, mobile applications or social networking groups.

The Impact of a Brief Intervention on Maternal Smoking Behavior

PEDIATRICS ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 105 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 267-271
Author(s):  
Judith A. Groner ◽  
Karen Ahijevych ◽  
Lindsey K. Grossman ◽  
Leslie N. Rich
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Safety Information ◽  
Stage Of Change ◽  
Smoking Cessation Intervention ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Primary Care Center ◽  
Cessation Intervention ◽  
Quit Rate ◽  
The Impact

Objective. To determine if mothers receiving a smoking cessation intervention emphasizing health risks of environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) for their children have a higher quit rate than 1) mothers receiving routine smoking cessation advice or 2) a control group. Design. Randomized, controlled trial. Setting. Primary care center in a large urban children's hospital. Intervention. Four hundred seventy-nine mothers were randomly assigned to a smoking cessation intervention either aimed at their child's health or their own health, or to a control group receiving safety information. Outcome Measures. Smoking status, stage of change, cigarettes/day, location smoking occurred, and knowledge of ETS effects. Results. Complete data (baseline and both follow-ups) were available for 166 subjects. There was no impact of group assignment on the quit rate, cigarettes/day, or stage of change. The Child Health Group intervention had a sustained effect on location where smoking reportedly occurred (usually outside) and on improved knowledge of ETS effects. Conclusions. Further research is needed to devise more effective methods of using the pediatric health care setting to influence adult smoking behaviors.

scholarly journals Retraining automatic action tendencies for smoking using mobile phone-based approach-avoidance bias training: Study protocol for a randomized controlled study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alla Machulska ◽  
Kristian Kleinke ◽  
Tanja Joan Eiler ◽  
Armin Grünewald ◽  
Rainer Brück ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Mobile Phone ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Smoking Cessation Intervention ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Quit Smoking ◽  
Cessation Intervention ◽  
Randomized Control ◽  
Bias Modification

Abstract Background: Automatic tendencies to approach drug-related cues have been linked to the development and maintainance of harmful drug taking behavior. Recent studies have demonstrated that these automatic approach tendencies can be targeted directly by means of Cognitive Bias Modification (CBM) approaches. Moreover, changing those approach tendencies may enhance treatment outcomes. However, training and therapy effects tend to be rather small and adherence to the training might be impaired by time-consuming multiple lab-training sessions. Here, we present a protocol for a randomized control design to improve CBM training efficiency and facilitate access to the training by providing mobile phone-based training sessions at home to current smokers motivated to quit smoking. Methods: Participants (n = 100) are current smokers who smoke at least 6 cigarettes per day for at least 6 months and are willing to quit smoking. All participants attend a brief behavioral smoking cessation intervention (TAU) and are randomly assigned either to an experimental (TAU + training) or a control group. Participants in the experimental condition are given access to a training app aimed at retraining automatic approach biases for smoking cues. Participants are instructed to perform the app-training outside the laboratory context on a daily basis for 14 consecutive days. Participants in the control group do not receive the training. Primary outcome measures are changes in smoking-related approach biases and reductions in daily nicotine consumption as assessed at baseline, post-training and at a six-week follow-up. Secondary outcome measures include approach biases for alternative stimuli or smoking stimuli to which participants were not exposed during training, attentional and association biases, biochemical outcomes, and self-reported smoking behavior, also measured at three different time points (baseline, post-training, follow-up). After completion of the study, smokers in the control condition will receive access to the training app. Discussion: This RCT is the first to test the effectiveness of an app-based CBM intervention as an adjunct to a brief smoking cessation intervention in smokers motivated to quit smoking. The results of this study can inform future research in the optimisation and advancement of CBM treatment for addiction. Trial registration: Registered with Current Controlled Trials: study ID ISRCTN15690771. Registered on 20 November 2018; http://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN15690771 Key words: Approach Bias, Cogitive Bias Modification, cigarette smoking, nicotine addiction, Randomized Control Trial, smartphone apps

scholarly journals Effects of a Mobile App Called Quittr, Which Utilizes Premium Currency and Games Features, on Improving Engagement With Smoking Cessation Intervention: Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan Bindoff ◽  
Tristan R Ling ◽  
Peter Gee ◽  
Benjamin Geelan ◽  
Stuart G Ferguson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Smoking Cessation Intervention ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Cessation Intervention ◽  
Quit Rate ◽  
Mhealth Apps

BACKGROUND Numerous mobile health (mHealth) apps have been developed to support smokers attempting to quit smoking. Although these apps have been reported to be successful, only modest improvements in the quit rate have been measured. It has been proposed that efforts to improve user engagement and retention may improve the quit rate further. Owing to the high cost of smoking-related disease, it is considered worthwhile to pursue even small improvements. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to test a novel smartphone app that leverages premium currency strategies developed by the mobile games industry in an attempt to improve engagement and retention with a smoking cessation intervention. METHODS We designed and developed a smoking cessation app called “Quittr” in line with previously developed smoking cessation mHealth apps. In addition to this established framework, we added a stand-alone fully featured city-building clicker-style game called “Tappy Town,” and a premium virtual currency called “QuitCoins.” The user earns QuitCoins for using the app in a way that contributes positively toward their quit attempt, and they can redeem these coins in Tappy Town for bonuses. To establish whether these features improved engagement and retention, we ran a 5-month randomized controlled trial where the intervention group had the full app with the extra games features, while the control group had the standard app only. Recruitment was performed via web-based advertising. Participants (N=175) had no direct contact with the researchers or other support staff. RESULTS No significant differences in terms of engagement, retention, or smoking outcomes were found between the control and intervention groups. However, survey data indicated that the majority of the participants valued Tappy Town (10/17, 59%) and the QuitCoins rewards system (13/17, 77%). Usage data also suggested that Tappy Town was widely played and was generally appealing to users (mean total time spent in app, control group: 797 seconds vs intervention group: 3502 seconds, <i>P&lt;</i>.001). Analysis of the results suggests that users in the intervention group may have been negatively affected by the aspects of the chosen design, and some theories were explored to explain this unexpected outcome. CONCLUSIONS Although the novel features of the Quittr app failed to improve the key outcomes measured in this study, there were enough positive indications to warrant further exploration of the concept. Additional research will be required to identify and correct any design flaws that may have adversely affected our participants before a follow-up study can be completed. CLINICALTRIAL Australian and New Zealand Clinical Trials Register ACTRN12617000491369; https://www.anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=372661&amp;isReview=true

scholarly journals Influence of Animation- Versus Text-Based Delivery of a Web-Based Computer-Tailored Smoking Cessation Intervention on User Perceptions

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-23
Author(s):  
Jan Mathis Elling ◽  
Hein De Vries
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Digital Health ◽  
Mode Of Delivery ◽  
Text Messages ◽  
Smoking Cessation Intervention ◽  
Health Interventions ◽  
Web Based ◽  
User Perceptions ◽  
Cessation Intervention ◽  
Text Condition

Computer-tailored (CT) digital health interventions have shown to be effective in obtaining behaviour change. Yet, user perceptions of these interventions are often unsatisfactory. Traditional CT interventions rely mostly on text-based feedback messages. A way of presenting feedback messages in a more engaging manner may be the use of narrated animations instead of text. The goal of this study was to assess the effect of manipulating the mode of delivery (animation vs. text) in a smoking cessation intervention on user perceptions among smokers and non-smokers. Smokers and non-smokers (N = 181) were randomized into either the animation or text condition. Participants in the animation condition assessed the intervention as more effective (ηp2 = .035), more trustworthy (ηp2 = .048), more enjoyable (ηp2 = .022), more aesthetic (ηp2 = .233), and more engaging (ηp2 = .043) compared to participants in the text condition. Participants that received animations compared to text messages also reported to actively trust the intervention more (ηp2 = .039) and graded the intervention better (ηp2 = .056). These findings suggest that animation-based interventions are superior to text-based interventions with respect to user perceptions.

scholarly journals Retraining automatic action tendencies for smoking using mobile phone-based approach-avoidance bias training: Study protocol for a randomized controlled study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alla Machulska ◽  
Tanja Joan Eiler ◽  
Armin Grünewald ◽  
Rainer Brück ◽  
Katharina Jahn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Mobile Phone ◽  
Smoking Behavior ◽  
Smoking Cessation Intervention ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Waitlist Control ◽  
Quit Smoking ◽  
Cessation Intervention

Abstract Background: Automatic tendencies to approach drug-related cues have been linked to the development and maintainance of harmful drug taking behavior. Recent studies have demonstrated that these automatic approach tendencies can be targeted directly by means of Cognitive Bias Modification (CBM) approaches. Moreover, changing those approach tendencies may enhance treatment outcomes. However, training and therapy effects tend to be rather small and adherence to the training might be impaired by time-consuming multiple lab-training sessions. Here, we present a protocol for a randomized waitlist-control design to improve CBM training efficiency and facilitate access to the training by providing mobile phone-based training sessions at home to current smokers motivated to quit smoking. Methods/Design: Participants (n = 100) are current smokers who smoke at least 6 cigarettes per day for at least 6 months and are willing to quit smoking. All participants attend a brief smoking cessation intervention (TAU) and are randomly assigned either to a training or a waitlist-control group. Participants in the training condition are given access to a training app aimed at retraining automatic approach biases for smoking cues. Participants are instructed to perform the app-training outside the laboratory context on a daily basis for 14 consecutive days. Approach, attentional and association biases, biochemical outcomes, and self-reported smoking behavior will be measured at baseline, directly after training, and at a 4-week follow-up. After completition of the study, smokers in the waitlist-control condition will receive access to the training app. Discussion: This RCT is the first to test the effectiveness of an app-based CBM intervention as an adjunct to a brief smoking cessation intervention in smokers motivated to quit smoking. The results of this study can inform future research in the optimisation and advancement of CBM treatment for addiction. Trial Registration: Registered with Current Controlled Trials: study ID ISRCTN15690771. Registered on 20 November 2018; http://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN15690771

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