scholarly journals Correction: Risk-Taking Behaviors and Adherence to HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis in Users of Geosocial Networking Apps: Real-World, Multicenter Study (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongyi Wang ◽  
Jing Zhang ◽  
Zhenxing Chu ◽  
Qinghai Hu ◽  
Willa Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multicenter Study ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Real World ◽  
Geosocial Networking ◽  
Geosocial Networking Apps ◽  
Exposure Prophylaxis ◽  
Risk Taking Behaviors

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scholarly journals Risk-Taking Behaviors and Adherence to HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis in Users of Geosocial Networking Apps: Real-Word, Multicenter Study (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongyi Wang ◽  
Jing Zhang ◽  
Zhenxing Chu ◽  
Qinghai Hu ◽  
Willa Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medication Adherence ◽  
Hiv Prevention ◽  
Real World ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Sex Partners ◽  
Condomless Anal Intercourse ◽  
Adherence Assessment ◽  
Event Driven ◽  
Geosocial Networking ◽  
Exposure Prophylaxis

BACKGROUND Over half of men who have sex with men (MSM) use geosocial networking (GSN) apps to encounter sex partners. GSN apps’ users have become a unique large subpopulation among MSM for interventions concerning HIV prevention and control. Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is a promising measure for HIV prevention, especially for MSM, but its effectiveness largely depends on medication adherence. However, little is known about PrEP adherence among GSN apps’ users, which is critical to addressing the overall optimization of PrEP compliance outside of clinical trials in the context of large-scale implementation. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study is to understand the correlation between GSN apps’ use and medication adherence among MSM receiving PrEP, with the aim to increase their awareness about PrEP use in order to increase adherence. METHODS This study based on the China Real-world Oral intake of PrEP (CROPrEP) project, a multicenter, real-world study of Chinese MSM on daily and event-driven PrEP. Eligible participants completed a detailed computer-assisted self-interview on sociodemographic, GSN apps’ use, and sexual behavior. Then participants were followed up for 12 months and assessed for various characteristics (eg, PrEP delivery, adherence assessment, PrEP coverage of sexual activities, and regimens switch). A generalized estimation equation was used to analyze the predictors of medication adherence and regimen conversion among GSN apps’ users and nonusers. RESULTS At baseline, 756 of the 1023 eligible participants (73.90%) reported primarily using GSN apps to seek sexual partners, and GSN apps’ users are more likely to have high-risk behaviors such as multiple sex partners and condomless anal intercourse than other nonusers (all <i>P</i>&lt;.05). During follow-up, GSN apps’ users had a significantly low level of pill-counting adherence than nonusers (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 0.8, 95% CI 0.6-1.0, <i>P</i>=.038). In the event-driven group, GSN apps’ users had marginally lower levels of self-reported adherence (aOR 0.7, 95% CI 0.4-1.0, <i>P</i>=.060) and lower PrEP coverage of sexual practices (aOR 0.6, 95% CI 0.4-1.0, <i>P</i>=.038). Additionally, GSN apps’ users seemed more likely to switch from event-driven to daily regimen (aOR 1.8, 95% CI 0.9-3.3, <i>P</i>=.084). CONCLUSIONS GSN apps’ users are highly prevalent among MSM, despite their higher sexual risk and lower adherence levels, suggesting that eHealth needs to be introduced to the GSN platform to promote PrEP adherence. CLINICALTRIAL Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ChiCTR-IIN-17013762; https://tinyurl.com/yy2mhrv4. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT RR2-10.1186/s12879-019-4355-y

The Role of High Visual Realism in Reducing Potential Risk Taking in Simulated Environments

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shulan Lu ◽  
Devin Pierce ◽  
Terry Rawlinson ◽  
Derek Harter
Keyword(s):  
Risk Taking ◽  
Real World ◽  
Grounded Cognition ◽  
The Body ◽  
Simulated Environments ◽  
Development Cycle ◽  
Visual Realism ◽  
Risk Taking Behaviors ◽  
Reducing Potential

Virtual environments (VEs) are developed to invoke feelings of presence in the digitally created representations, which leads to people perceiving and enacting actions as they would in corresponding real world environments. Even though significant strides have been made in enhancing the level of realism of virtual systems, there is still a long way to go toward a system that could provide full immersive experiences. Furthermore, the development cycle of a high realism system can be time consuming and costly. On the theoretical side, this desire of achieving the feeling of presence is not always consistent with the body of literature on grounded cognition, where the environment is known to significantly impact the user’s perception and action. Nevertheless, many studies have shown that people reported the feeling of presence even though the VEs they interacted with were far from realistic representations of the actual environments. This raised a question as to what dimensions of the environments are essential in triggering the feelings of presence. Instead of taking the approach where a fairly immersive system is used and a particular variable is investigated to ascertain its effects on the feelings of presence, the approach used in the current work investigated whether people reduce the potential injury to an avatar by starting out with a low to medium visual realism environment and scaling up to a higher visual realism. The results in the current study suggest that compared to enacting actions in the real world with one’s own body, people are more likely to bring injury to an avatar. This indicates that high visual realism may not be the essential ingredient in invoking the feelings of presence that regulate risk taking behaviors. The limitation and the next step of this research are discussed.

scholarly journals Risk-Taking Behaviors and Adherence to HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis in Users of Geosocial Networking Apps: Real-World, Multicenter Study

10.2196/22388 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
pp. e22388
Author(s):  
Hongyi Wang ◽  
Jing Zhang ◽  
Zhenxing Chu ◽  
Qinghai Hu ◽  
Willa Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medication Adherence ◽  
Hiv Prevention ◽  
Real World ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Sex Partners ◽  
Condomless Anal Intercourse ◽  
Adherence Assessment ◽  
Event Driven ◽  
Geosocial Networking ◽  
Exposure Prophylaxis

Background Over half of men who have sex with men (MSM) use geosocial networking (GSN) apps to encounter sex partners. GSN apps’ users have become a unique large subpopulation among MSM for interventions concerning HIV prevention and control. Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is a promising measure for HIV prevention, especially for MSM, but its effectiveness largely depends on medication adherence. However, little is known about PrEP adherence among GSN apps’ users, which is critical to addressing the overall optimization of PrEP compliance outside of clinical trials in the context of large-scale implementation. Objective The objective of this study is to understand the correlation between GSN apps’ use and medication adherence among MSM receiving PrEP, with the aim to increase their awareness about PrEP use in order to increase adherence. Methods This study based on the China Real-world Oral intake of PrEP (CROPrEP) project, a multicenter, real-world study of Chinese MSM on daily and event-driven PrEP. Eligible participants completed a detailed computer-assisted self-interview on sociodemographic, GSN apps’ use, and sexual behavior. Then participants were followed up for 12 months and assessed for various characteristics (eg, PrEP delivery, adherence assessment, PrEP coverage of sexual activities, and regimens switch). A generalized estimation equation was used to analyze the predictors of medication adherence and regimen conversion among GSN apps’ users and nonusers. Results At baseline, 756 of the 1023 eligible participants (73.90%) reported primarily using GSN apps to seek sexual partners, and GSN apps’ users are more likely to have high-risk behaviors such as multiple sex partners and condomless anal intercourse than other nonusers (all P<.05). During follow-up, GSN apps’ users had a significantly low level of pill-counting adherence than nonusers (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 0.8, 95% CI 0.6-1.0, P=.038). In the event-driven group, GSN apps’ users had marginally lower levels of self-reported adherence (aOR 0.7, 95% CI 0.4-1.0, P=.060) and lower PrEP coverage of sexual practices (aOR 0.6, 95% CI 0.4-1.0, P=.038). Additionally, GSN apps’ users seemed more likely to switch from event-driven to daily regimen (aOR 1.8, 95% CI 0.9-3.3, P=.084). Conclusions GSN apps’ users are highly prevalent among MSM, despite their higher sexual risk and lower adherence levels, suggesting that eHealth needs to be introduced to the GSN platform to promote PrEP adherence. Trial Registration Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ChiCTR-IIN-17013762; https://tinyurl.com/yy2mhrv4. International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) RR2-10.1186/s12879-019-4355-y

Risk-Taking Behaviors in Adolescents

1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristin M. von Ranson ◽  
Susan L. Rosenthal
Keyword(s):  
Risk Taking ◽  
Risk Taking Behaviors

Adolescents’ Future Negative Time Perspective and Risk-Taking Behaviors: The Roles of Coping Styles and Self-Control

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai Dou ◽  
Ming-Chen Zhang ◽  
Yue Liang
Keyword(s):  
Risk Taking ◽  
Time Perspective ◽  
Longitudinal Design ◽  
Coping Styles ◽  
Future Time Perspective ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Total N ◽  
Negative Coping ◽  
Risk Taking Behaviors ◽  
Negative Time

The association between future time perspective and risk-taking behaviors has received extensive empirical attention. However, the underlying mechanism that links future negative time perspective to risk-taking behaviors are complex and not well-understood. To address this gap, we adopted a longitudinal design examined the association between FNTP and risk-taking behaviors, and the roles of coping styles and self-control in this association among Chinese adolescents (total N = 581, 46.3% females). Results showed that FNTP at wave 1 predicted risk-taking behavior at wave 3 via positive and negative coping styles at wave 2. Furthermore, adolescents with low self-control and used negative coping strategies prefer to engage in risk-taking behaviors as compared to their high self-control counterparts. Taken together, these research findings underscore the importance of considering influence of the future negative time perspective on adolescents’ risk-taking behaviors, and provided important implications for developing the preventions and interventions for reducing adolescents’ risk-taking behaviors.

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