scholarly journals Tobacco control policy simulation models: a systematic review protocol to identify best modelling practices that enable health policymaking (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincy Huang ◽  
Anna Head ◽  
Lirije Hyseni ◽  
Martin O'Flaherty ◽  
Iain Buchan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Tobacco Control ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Control Policy ◽  
Policy Decision ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Tobacco Control Policy ◽  
Policy Simulation ◽  
Control Models

UNSTRUCTURED Background Tobacco control models are mathematical models predicting tobacco-related outcomes in defined populations. We consider policy simulation models (PSMs) as a subcategory of tobacco control models simulating the potential outcomes of tobacco control policy options. We could not identify any existing tool specifically designed to assess the quality of tobacco control models. Therefore, our systematic methodology review aims to: identify best modelling practices; highlight common pitfalls; and develop recommendations to assess the quality of tobacco control PSMs. Crucially, these recommendations can empower model users to assess the quality of current and future modelling studies, potentially leading to better tobacco policy decision making for the public. This protocol describes planned systematic review stages, paper inclusion and exclusion criteria, data extraction and analysis methods. Methods Two reviewers searched five databases, Embase, EconLit, PsycINFO, PubMed and CINAHL Plus, to identify eligible studies published between July 2013 and August 2019. We included papers projecting tobacco-related outcomes with a focus on tobacco control policies in any population and setting. Eligible papers were independently screened by two reviewers. The data extraction form was designed and piloted to extract model structure, data sources, transparency, validation and other qualities. We will use a narrative synthesis to present the results by summarising model trends, analysing model approaches, and reporting data input and result quality. We will propose recommendations to assess the quality of tobacco control PSMs using findings from this review and related literature. Trial registration International Prospective Register for Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) number CRD42020178146.

scholarly journals Tobacco Control Policy Simulation Models: Systematic Methodological Review Protocol (Preprint)

10.2196/26854 ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincy Huang ◽  
Anna Head ◽  
Lirije Hyseni ◽  
Martin O'Flaherty ◽  
Iain Buchan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Control ◽  
Control Policy ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Tobacco Control Policy ◽  
Policy Simulation ◽  
Methodological Review ◽  
Review Protocol

scholarly journals A Systematic Review of the Economic Burden of Type 2 Diabetes in Malaysia

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (16) ◽  
pp. 5723
Author(s):  
Kurubaran Ganasegeran ◽  
Chee Peng Hor ◽  
Mohd Fadzly Amar Jamil ◽  
Hong Chuan Loh ◽  
Juliana Mohd Noor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Economic Burden ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Policy Decision ◽  
Economic Evaluations ◽  
Total Annual Cost ◽  
Adult Type

Diabetes causes significant disabilities, reduced quality of life and mortality that imposes huge economic burden on societies and governments worldwide. Malaysia suffers a high diabetes burden in Asia, but the magnitude of healthcare expenditures documented to aid national health policy decision-making is limited. This systematic review aimed to document the economic burden of diabetes in Malaysia, and identify the factors associated with cost burden and the methods used to evaluate costs. Studies conducted between 2000 and 2019 were retrieved using three international databases (PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE) and one local database (MyCite), as well as manual searches. Peer reviewed research articles in English and Malay on economic evaluations of adult type 2 diabetes conducted in Malaysia were included. The review was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42020151857), reported according to PRISMA and used a quality checklist adapted for cost of illness studies. Data were extracted using a data extraction sheet that included study characteristics, total costs, different costing methods and a scoring system to assess the quality of studies reviewed. The review identified twelve eligible studies that conducted cost evaluations of type 2 diabetes in Malaysia. Variation exists in the costs and methods used in these studies. For direct costs, four studies evaluated costs related to complications and drugs, and two studies were related to outpatient and inpatient costs each. Indirect and intangible costs were estimated in one study. Four studies estimated capital and recurrent costs. The estimated total annual cost of diabetes in Malaysia was approximately USD 600 million. Age, type of hospitals or health provider, length of inpatient stay and frequency of outpatient visits were significantly associated with costs. The most frequent epidemiological approach employed was prevalence-based (n = 10), while cost analysis was the most common costing approach used. The current review offers the first documented evidence on cost estimates of diabetes in Malaysia.

scholarly journals Plain packaging of tobacco products: the logical next step for tobacco control policy in India

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. e000873 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amit Yadav ◽  
Gaurang P Nazar ◽  
Tina Rawal ◽  
Monika Arora ◽  
Premila Webster ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Control ◽  
Research Team ◽  
English Language ◽  
Task Force ◽  
Control Policy ◽  
Policy Decision ◽  
Tobacco Control Policy ◽  
Health Warnings ◽  
Tobacco Products ◽  
Plain Packaging

India implemented larger 85% pictorial health warnings on all tobacco products from 1 April 2016. However, to remove the last bit of glamour and attraction from the tobacco packs, it must now embrace plain packaging. Plain packaging prevents tobacco packs from carrying the tobacco industry brand imagery as mobile billboards. Postimplementation of larger 85% pictorial health warnings on all tobacco products, this analysis was undertaken to assess the feasibility of plain packaging as the next logical tobacco control policy measure in India. As part of this analysis, the research team reviewed the available literature on legal and policy challenges to plain packaging as a tobacco control policy initiative for India. Literature from 2010 to 2016 in English language was reviewed, which reveals that, India has taken several preparatory steps implemented by other countries like Australia and the UK that have introduced plain packaging, for example, stronger smoke-free laws, ban on tobacco advertising, promotion and sponsorship, increase in taxes and a report from civil society task force on plain packaging. The trade and investment agreements signed by India are also within the international trade norms relating to public health. A Private Member’s Bill on plain packaging is also pending in the Parliament of India. Other potential challenges against such policy decision, for example, freedom of trade, right to property, violation of competition law and other laws including consumer protection laws, were found unsubstantiated by the research team. Plain packaging is the next logical step for tobacco control policy in India.

scholarly journals Systematic review of cigars, cigarillos, and little cigars among adolescents: Setting research agenda to inform tobacco control policy

2019 ◽  
Vol 96 ◽  
pp. 192-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grace Kong ◽  
MeLisa R. Creamer ◽  
Patricia Simon ◽  
Dana A. Cavallo ◽  
Jennifer Cornacchione Ross ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Tobacco Control ◽  
Research Agenda ◽  
Control Policy ◽  
Tobacco Control Policy

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Antalgic Therapies in Patients with Vertebral Bone Metastasis: A Protocol for a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 3991
Author(s):  
Antonio Jose Martin-Perez ◽  
María Fernández-González ◽  
Paula Postigo-Martin ◽  
Marc Sampedro Pilegaard ◽  
Carolina Fernández-Lao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Bone Metastasis ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Pharmacological Intervention ◽  
Vertebral Metastasis ◽  
Randomized Controlled Clinical Trials

There is no systematic review that has identified existing studies evaluating the pharmacological and non-pharmacological intervention for pain management in patients with bone metastasis. To fill this gap in the literature, this systematic review with meta-analysis aims to evaluate the effectiveness of different antalgic therapies (pharmacological and non-pharmacological) in the improvement of pain of these patients. To this end, this protocol has been written according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic review and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA-P) and registered in PROSPERO (CRD42020135762). A systematic search will be carried out in four international databases: Medline (Via PubMed), Web of Science, Cochrane Library and SCOPUS, to select the randomized controlled clinical trials. The Risk of Bias Tool developed by Cochrane will be used to assess the risk of bias and the quality of the identified studies. A narrative synthesis will be used to describe and compare the studies, and after the data extraction, random effects model and a subgroup analyses will be performed according to the type of intervention, if possible. This protocol aims to generate a systematic review that compiles and synthesizes the best and most recent evidence on the treatment of pain derived from vertebral metastasis.

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